RU2004684C1 - Method for laying horizontal drain with covering filter of fibrous cloth and drain layer bin for its realization - Google Patents

Description

Mr. tubular pipeline. It only slightly pushes the folded canvas in half, the edges of which are facing in the direction of movement of the draenerator. The forming device is placed above the upper blade of the horizontal knife and is made in the form of a hollow truncated cone, through which the end of the pipe is brought into the drainage trench (slot). On the sides of the truncated cone above the blade of the knife are two plates.

The described method and the hopper of the drainer for its implementation have significant disadvantages. They do not allow a cover filter with vertical sides to be made of a fibrous web above the drainage pipe in order to increase the area of the water intake surface of the filter. The flattened filter by this method and the hopper for its implementation also cannot be performed reliably due to the fact that the layer package of the web, after leaving the shaft (vertical guide), is pulled into a bundle and in this form enters the forming conical device. Elements that would stretch the canvas in the horizontal plane and divert its edges to the walls of the trench are absent in the design of the device (bunker hopper).

The aim of the invention is to increase the area of the water intake surface of the roll filter cover filter and increase the reliability of its formation in the drainage trench.

The goal is achieved in that in the known method of laying a horizontal drain with a cover filter made of a fibrous web, the pulling of a layered web pack through the silo shaft is carried out along the vertical axial plane. so that the edges of the web are facing the back wall of the silo shaft, and with a bend in the direction of movement of the drainer, the deployment of the layered web package to give it a tray-like shape is carried out by deflecting the sides of the tray to the walls of the drainage trench simultaneously with the rotation of the package on a curved section of its movement to mate with horizontal section of the drainage pipe, and the formation of a cover filter is carried out by holding the sides of the tray from the fibrous web at the walls of the drainage trench in a vertical laying and settling the middle part of the canvas on the sides of the drainage pipe under the pressure of the backfill soil crumbled into the trench.

The deploying device used for the implementation of this proposed method of the bunker hopper bunker is made in the form of a wedge-shaped shoe, which is located in the shaft at the turning section of the layered web package, is attached 5 to the back wall of the shaft and consists of a curved gradually expanding sole serving as a sliding support for the middle part formed from the canvas of the tray, and dumps placed above it, tearing the layer package of the canvas into the tray and deflecting its sides to the walls of the drainage trench, and forming The device is formed of two soil interacting with the walls of the drainage trench and 5 poured into it with a digger, backfill of two flat shields that are parallel to the walls of the trench and pivotally attached to the unrolling device.

0 Such a method of laying a horizontal drain with a cover filter made of fibrous web and such a drainage bin for its implementation allows a cover filter with vertical sides pressed against the walls of the trench with undisturbed soil structure over the drain pipe in the trench. In this case, a filtering fibrous web is used with a width of 2-3 times greater than the 0 width of the silo shaft, sufficient for the installation of a cover loop filter with the required water intake area.

Figure 1 shows the hopper of the drainer, a longitudinal section along the axial plane of 5; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; in Fig.Z - section bB in Fig.1; figure 4 is a section no B-B in figure 1; figure 5 - deploying device, a view along the arrows GG in figure 6; Fig.6 - deploying 0 device, view along arrows DD in Fig.5: Fig.7 - deploying device, view along arrows EE in Fig.5; on Fig - forming device, view along arrows II in Fig.9; Fig.9 - forming device 5, a view along arrows KK in Fig.8; in FIG. 10 - forming device, view along arrows L-L in Fig. 8.

The bunker for laying a drain with a fiber cloth cover filter 0 by the proposed method has a pipe 1 for pulling the drain pipe 2 to the bottom 3 of the trench 4, a coil 5 with a roll of a layered fabric pack 6. a shaft 7 for a stretched fabric packet 6 pulled from the coil 5 laid to the bottom 3 trenches 4 drainage pipe 2. deploying 8 and forming 9 device.

The coil 5 is made of steel with a diameter of 27-32 mm, Ohm is fixed with the possibility of removal of the clamp 10. which

placed above the receiving funnel 11 of the shah 7 and secured by means of bolts 12 on the upper part of the pipe 1. On the console of the pipe 10 there is a tubular socket 12 into which the lower end of the coil 5 is inserted. The coil 5 is provided with a cross 14 that serves as a support for the web 6 roll. the movement of the layer package of the web 6 along the axial plane of the shaft 7 and uniformly pushing it onto the scrolling device 8 in the shaft 7 with an interval of 0.8-1.0 m are placed on the ridge 15 of the fork 16 made of a steel strip from a steel strip 40 mm wide and thick b mm.

The ridge 15 is placed on the axial plane of the hopper and is attached to the front wall of the charge 7. Approximately at an equal distance from the side walls of the shaft 7, the ridge 15 is held by the straps 17 attached to it, the length of which is 5-8 mm less than the width of the shaft 7.

The expanding device 8 is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 3-4 mm in the form of a welded volumetric and symmetrical wedge-shaped shoe. It is located in the lower part of the shaft 7 at the turning section of the layer package of the web 6 and is attached to the rear wall of the shaft 7. The unfolding device consists of a curvilinear gradually expanding sole 18, which serves as a sliding support for the middle part of the tray formed from the web 6, and placed above it dumps 19, which unfold the layer package of the web b into the tray and deflect its sides to the walls of the drainage trench 4.

From above, the dumps 19 are interconnected by a wedge-shaped cover 20 and a plate 21, designed to attach the scrolling device 8 to the rear wall of the shaft 7. The sole 18. The plate 21 and the rear wall 22 are made of one blank. Two eyes 23 are attached to the rear wall 22, to which, using bolts 24 with flat low heads, the forming device 9 is pivotally attached

The forming device 9 consists of two symmetrically located in the trench 4, as if mirrored, flat shields. In the trench 4 shields are placed parallel to its walls. The upper edges of each of them are equipped with pressure rods 25 with a diameter of 10-12 mm, due to which slots are formed between the shields and the walls of the trench 4, along which the sides of the tray made of fibrous web 6 move freely. The lower edges of the shields are equipped with tubular skis 26. They are attached to the shields on the axial side mine plane. They shields rest on laid in

trench 4 fibrous web 6 and press it to its bottom 3 on the sides of the drainage pipe 2. The shields interact with the walls of the drainage trench 4 and poured into it with a burrower 27 soil 28 backfill.

Thus, it is possible to carry out (equip), for example, bins for draperies of the UDM-350 or Haikons 6027. The proposed method is implemented using the proposed bunker as follows.

In the beginning, on a production base of construction. organization organization (PM K) rolls most suitable for this technology

5 canvases, for example, PIM-A, PIM-F or Dornit brands (produced by the Novoshakhtinsky Nonwovens Factory in the Rostov Region) of factory packaging (packaging) are cut into rolls 0.9-1.0 m long,

0 which is determined by the cross section of the cover filter in the drainage trench (stacked drain). After that, on a special installation, the rolls of a single-layer web are unwound and the web is folded into a two-layer bag by bending it along the midline parallel to the edges. A web folded in two layers (in a bag) is wound on a drum on a tubular axis (reel) and thus form 0.450 0.5 m rolls. In this case, 20 m length web sections are interconnected using one of the known methods, for example by gluing overlap, stitching with an overlap sewing machine, or manual stitching with a spiral 5th butt seam. The length of the web in the roll is selected so that the diameter of the roll from the layer package does not exceed 1.0 m, and its weight is not more than 30-40 kg and does not cause difficulties during loading

0 operations, transportation to the construction site and when placing the drainer on the hopper.

Finished rolls of ply bags 6 of fibrous web on coils 5 are delivered

5 by motor transport to the construction site of the drainage and taking into account the length of the canvas, they are laid out along the route of the laid drainage. Simultaneously with them lay the bays of drainage pipes 2 without a filter shell on their

0 surface. After the preparatory work on the route, the drains begin to lay the drains from the collector. To do this, the hopper, together with the digging tool, is lowered onto

5 slope of an open collector or in an open pit (pit) y. a closed collector and deepen it by 1.3-1.4 m by digging a trench 4. After that, a corrugated drain pipe 2 is pulled through line 1 and then over a receiving funnel 11

the shafts on the clamp 10 install a coil 5 with a roll of a layered bag of fibrous web, partially unwind it, pass the end of the bag through the forks 16 located in the shaft 7, and push it onto the unrolling device 8. At the same time, to facilitate storage in the forks 16 and pull layered package of the canvas through the shaft 7 use a wire or cord with a load at its end. The sides of the tray made of fibrous web 6 formed behind the scrolling device 8 are pulled parallel to the shields of the forming device 9 on their outer surfaces under the stop rods 25 and attached to the end of the drain pipe 2, which is anchored on the slope of the collector. In the future, lay a drain. In the process of extracting the trench 4 by the working unit of the drainage stacker, the hopper moves along it, lays down the drainage pipe 2 on the bottom 3 and forms a tray from the fibrous web 6. The layer web pack

6 unwinds from a roll, moves in a mine

7 between the uprights of the forks 16 in a vertically inclined position and is pushed onto the unfolding device 8, which simultaneously forms a tray from it, deflects its sides to the walls of the trench 4, changes the direction of movement and places it on the drain pipe 2. Behind the rear wall 22 of the unrolling device 8 the final formation of the cover filter from the fibrous web occurs. The molding device 9 holds the sides of the tray formed from the web 6 and presses them against the walls of the trench 4. The shields interact with the walls of the trench 4 and with the backfill soil 28 fed into the trench 4 by the backfill conveyor 27 (available from the Haikons-6027 draining unit) or passive sprinkler (manufactured in the case of using the UDM-350 draenerator). Backfill soil slope 28 follows the rear wall of the moving hopper. Backfill soil 28 continuously fills the space between the shields 9 and presses them against the walls of the trench 4. The pressure shields 9 are pressed against the walls of the trench 4 by the pressure bars 25 attached to their upper edges. At the same time, the backfill soil 28 presses on the bottom of the tray from the web 6 and lowers it to the bottom 3 of the trench 4 on both sides of the drain pipe 2. At the same time, the sides of the web 6 are pulled out from under the guards of the forming device 9 and its middle strip bends around the drain pipe 2 along the arc pipe sections with a central angle of approximately 290 300 °. The lower part of the pipe surface in an arc of a pipe section corresponding to an angle of 70-60 ° is in direct contact with the soil. 5After triggering the roll of a puff bag

web 6, i.e. laying it in the drain, the draeneo-layer is stopped, the beginning of the next roll 0 is attached to the end of the laid web section in a known manner and placed on the clamp 10 and the drain is continued to be laid.

Compared to drains having a filter on a drainage pipe in the form of a circular shell, horizontal drains performed by the described method have a higher water capture capacity, not only because they have a significantly larger surface area, but because the filter is in contact with soil undisturbed structure, and the drainage pipe 2 with the lower part of the surface is directly in contact at the bottom 3 of the drainage trench 4 with the drained soil, working in the water intake from the 5th hole of the pipe according to the principle of a gravitational filter and providing a relatively small filtration resistance.

Through water inlets located on the bottom of the surface

0 pipes 2 the removal of soil particles into the cavity of the drainage pipe 1 at small pressure gradients does not occur. The hydrodynamic pressure of the water filtered through the soil is quenched by the gravity of the particles

5 soil. This is confirmed by testing natural fragments of horizontal drains with cover contours from PIM-A fibrous fabric filters of the Novoshakhtinsky nonwoven fabric factory

0 (FNM) and others in filter trays with sandy loamy soils. With a pressure gradient in the near-ground zone of the soil up to 1 soil removal into the drains was not observed.

The proposed method and the hopper for it

5 is intended for building drainage mainly in soils with a filtration coefficient of less than 0.5 m / day and reducing their water permeability in the embankment (backfill), for example in dusty loams.

When applying the proposed method of laying a horizontal drain with a cut filter, an economic effect will be obtained by replacing a volumetric filter from a gravel-sand mixture with a loop filter from a fibrous filter cloth, for example, PIM-F, PIM-A. Dornite. SIZI. (56) Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1102867. cl. E02 F5 / 10, 1984.

Claims (2)

The formula of the invention is., 1. A method of laying a horizontal drain with a cover filter made of a fibrous web, comprising layer folding a single-layer web with a width exceeding the width of the drainage trench, by bending it along a midline parallel to the edges, tearing the trench off using a narrow trench laminator. laying in the trench of the drainage pipe and the fibrous web above it, followed by unfolding and forming a cover filter and backfilling the trench with soil, characterized in that the fibrous web is placed over the trench with a bend in the direction of movement of the drainage stacker, deployed over the drainage pipe giving it a chute forms by deflecting the edges of the web to the walls of the trench simultaneously Turning to mate with the horizontal portion of the pipe, and the formation of a cover filter is carried out by time oy- fixing web edges in a vertical position along the walls of the trench during backfilling it with soil. 2. Drainage stacker for laying a horizontal drain with a fiber cloth cover filter, including a conduit for pulling the drain pipe to the bottom of the trench, a coil with a roll of layered cloth package, a shaft for pulling the unpacked canvas package from the coil of the canvas laid to the bottom of the trench drain unfolding and forming device, characterized in that the unfolding device is made in the form of a wedge-shaped shoe attached to the rear wall of the shaft at the turning section of the puff package of the web and consisting of a curved gradually expanding sole, which is a sliding support for the middle part of the tray formed from the web, and dumps installed above it to unfold the web into the tray and deflect its sides to the walls of the drainage trench, and the forming device consists of two symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the trench of the flat flaps pivotally attached to the deploying device. 27 Fig.Z Bb Figs Ј g 7 g I r f bh M ABOUT about & SP 00 AND.  1LJL JK A Fig.9 l-l FIG. YU