RU200206U1 - QUICK DISCONNECTOR FOR ROPE CONNECTION OF MOBILE ROPE COMPLEXES OF PENDULUM TYPE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of hoisting and transport engineering, namely to devices based on overhead cable systems for mobile deployment of transport and reloading freight and passenger roads of the pendulum type in unequipped and hard-to-reach terrain, in the elimination of natural or man-made emergencies. of ropes of mobile rope complexes of the pendulum type, containing a split body of two identical halves in the form of rectangular thick-walled plates, grooves for laying the ends of the ropes to be connected and tie bolts for pressing and fixing the body halves. It differs in that along the length of each half of the split body along its inner surface, one smooth zigzag groove is made with a width equal to the diameter of the connected rope, a depth equal to (0.7 ... 0.8) the diameter of the connected rope, and a radius of curvature of the bottom equal to the radius of the rope to be connected, and a pressure plate is placed between the body halves. Alternatively, the groove is sinusoidal. Alternatively, the pressure plate on both working surfaces is knurled in the form of two intersecting parallel groove systems.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of hoisting and transport engineering, namely to devices based on overhead rope systems for the operational deployment of transport and handling cargo and passenger mobile rope systems of the pendulum type in unequipped and hard-to-reach terrain, in the elimination of natural or man-made emergencies.

Known design of a device for connecting ropes (patent RU No. 2509239, F16G 11/04, F16G 11/10, 2014) [1], containing a body in the form of a parallelepiped, in the body of which two through holes are drilled parallel to the central axis for placement in them of the ropes to be connected and a through hole located perpendicular to these holes with a stopper located in it in the form of a rectangular plate, at the free ends of which a U-shaped stop is rigidly fixed.

A significant drawback of the considered design is that the pressing of the connected ropes is performed in one place. Thus, the application of the downforce created by turning the U-shaped stop to the rope has the character of a point local contact. As a result, the connection will either have a relatively low bearing capacity under the action of an axial tensile operating load (much less than the breaking force of the rope itself), or the U-shaped stop in working condition should significantly deform the cross-section of the rope. This can significantly reduce the service life and reliability of an expensive rope due to the possible irreversible plastic deformation of the cross section of the rope strands and a number of outer wires, as well as destruction of the organic core of the rope. According to the requirements of the regulatory and technical documents of Rostekhnadzor [3], such damage to the ropes is unacceptable and their presence is the basis for immediate rejection of the ropes. In any case, the considered connection of the ropes is unacceptable to use for ropeways and mobile rope complexes, which are hazardous production facilities.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model and adopted for its prototype is a device for connecting ropes (patent RU No. 2280200, F16G 11/06, F16G 11/04, B66B 7/06, 2006) [2], consisting from a split body in the form of two identical rectangular plates, along the edges of which, along their long sides, through holes for tie bolts are made, and on the surface of the plates facing inward of the body, sawtooth plates are rigidly fixed, in the cavities of which the ropes are placed, while the sawtooth plates themselves evenly spaced along the length of the body.

This design has a number of significant design and functional disadvantages. As in the considered analogous device, the pressing of the connected ropes is performed discretely only in several places (the locations of the sawtooth plates) and is performed locally within the length of the ropes equal to the thickness of the sawtooth plate, i.e. within no more than one diameter ^ of the rope. Estimated calculations show that to reliably ensure the load capacity of the considered device for connecting ropes, capable of withstanding without destruction (taking into account the safety factor regulated by Rostekhnadzor [3], equal to not less than 4.5), axial tension characteristic of the operation of mobile rope complexes and ropeways the forces created by the tie bolts, the pressing forces of the ropes are quite large. The magnitude of these efforts is such that they cause irreversible plastic deformation of the strands of the ropes and the sections of the outer wires themselves. Micro-displacements of the outer wires relative to the sawtooth plates, arising during operation due to the time variability of the axial tensile forces in the ropes, under conditions of high contact pressure can cause fretting fatigue or fretting corrosion (when working in the open air or in a chemically aggressive environment) of outer wires [4 ] with their subsequent breakage and mandatory rejection of ropes. As the experience of rope systems operation shows [5], the uneven local compression of the ropes being connected is the reason for the breaking of the organic core along the length. Violation of the integrity of the organic core reduces the service life of the rope and the permissible breaking force [5].

The technical problem to be solved by the proposed utility model is the creation of a reliable and quick-detachable high-load connection of the ends of the carrying and traction ropes, providing a breaking force at the level of the passport breaking force of the connected ropes themselves and excluding damage to metal strands and violation of the integrity of the organic core of the ropes. The implementation of the principle of quick disconnect of the connection of ropes allows to reduce the deployment time of the mobile rope complex (the duration of its installation or dismantling), which is especially important when it is used in response to natural or man-made emergencies. The elimination of damage to the structural elements of the ropes during the formation of the connection increases their service life and the level of safety in the production of transport and handling operations. The requirement for a high load capacity of the rope connection is due to the fact that during operation in the carrying and supporting ropes of modern mobile rope complexes and freight ropeways, high axial tensile loads can act, reaching 10 ... 15% of the nominal breaking strength of the rope (aggregate rope strength) [6] ...

To solve this technical problem in a quick-disconnect device for connecting ropes of mobile rope complexes of the pendulum type, containing a split body of two identical halves in the form of rectangular thick-walled plates, grooves for laying the ends of the ropes to be connected and tie bolts for pressing and fixing the halves of the body, along the length of each half the split body along its inner surface is made along one smooth zigzag groove with a width equal to the diameter of the connected rope, a depth equal to (0.7 ... 0.8) the diameter of the connected rope, and a radius of curvature of the bottom equal to the radius of the connected rope, and between the halves of the body placed pressure plate.

The utility model is explained in more detail using the drawings. All elements not required for direct understanding of the utility model are excluded.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device for connecting ropes; in fig. 2 - section a-a in Fig. 1; in fig. 3 - section b-b in Fig. 1; in fig. 4 is a view of the inner surface of a half of a split body; in fig. 5 - cross-section of the groove for accommodating the connected rope and its change in the process of performing technological operations for its manufacture; in fig. 6 - view of the node for connecting the ropes before tightening; in fig. 7 is a design diagram of the formation of a rope connection when the pressure plate contacts the ropes to be connected.

The essence of the utility model is as follows. A quick disconnect device for connecting ropes of mobile rope complexes of the pendulum type contains a split body 1 (Fig. 1) of two identical halves of the body 2 (Fig. 2-7) in the form of rectangular thick-walled plates and a pressure plate 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 6, 7), located between the halves of the body 2 (Fig. 2-7). On the inner surface 4 (Fig. 5, 6) of each half of the body 2 (Fig. 2-7) along their length, one groove 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6, 7) is made, having a smooth zigzag shape. The cross section of the groove is shown in FIG. 2. The groove 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6, 7) can be performed on a CNC machine, for example, in two technological milling operations. In the first pass (technological operation No. 1) (Fig. 5), a slotted end (finger) keyway cutter is used, which provides a groove of a rectangular cross-section with a width b equal to the diameter of the ropes being connected d _k and a depth h equal to (0.2 ... 0.3) d _k . In the second pass (technological operation No. 2) (Fig. 5), a slotted end spherical cutter is used, which provides a semicircular shape of the bottom of the groove 5 (Figs. 1-4, 6, 7), the radius of which r is equal to the radius of the connected ropes 0.5d _k . Thus, the required shape and depth H of the groove 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6, 7) is achieved, equal to (0.7 ... 0.8) d _k . In each half of the housing 2 (Figs. 2-7) and the pressure plate 3 (Figs. 2, 3, 6, 7) there are made coaxial holes 6 (Figs. 4, 5, 7) for installing tie bolts 7 (Figs. 1-3, 6, 7). To ensure the pressing force, significant in magnitude and evenly distributed along the length of the split body 1 (Fig. 1), tie bolts 7 (Fig. 1-3, 6, 7) are placed in the depressions of the zigzag grooves 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6 , 7) in three rows along the length of the split body 1 (Fig. 1): along both its edges and along its axis of symmetry.

The utility model works as follows.

In the zigzag grooves 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6, 7) of the halves of the body 2 (Fig. 2-7) are laid the connected ropes 8 (Fig. 1), and their ends protrude beyond the split body 1 (Fig. 1). To exclude unbraiding of the ends of the ropes 8 to be connected (Fig. 1), safety sleeves 9 (Fig. 1) made of an easily deformable material, for example, copper or aluminum, are put on and pressed onto them. Then, tightening bolts 7 (Figs. 1-3, 6, 7) are inserted into the coaxial holes 6 (Fig. 4, 5, 7) of one of the body halves 2 (Fig. 2-7) and a pressure plate 3 is installed (Fig. 2 , 3, 6, 7). Next, the second half of the body 2 is installed (Figs. 2-7), the inner surface 4 (Figs. 5, 6) of which is oriented towards the inner surface 4 (Figs. 5, 6) of the first half of the body 2 (Figs. 2-7). Next, a spring washer 10 (Figs. 2, 3, 7) and a nut 11 (Figs. 1-3, 7) are put on the tightening bolt 7 (Figs. 1-3, 6, 7), and then a gradual (without distortions) uniform tightening of the tie bolts 7 (Figs. 1-3, 6, 7) until full contact of the inner surfaces 4 (Figs. 5, 6) of the body halves 2 (Figs. 2-7) without a gap. To exclude self-loosening of nuts 11 (Figs. 1-3, 7) during operation, it is advisable to use self-locking or castellated nuts as them. When tightening, there is a transverse deformation of the section of the connected ropes 8 (Fig. 1) within the length of the groove 5 (Figs. 1-4, 6, 7), i.e. over a considerable distance up to (30 ... 50) d _k . The cross-section of the connected ropes 7 (Figs. 1-3, 6, 7) is flattened, the strands of the rope 12 (Figs. 2, 3, 6, 7) acquire an oval shape and more densely fill the free gaps within the cross-section of the rope. The organic core 13 (FIGS. 2, 3, 6, 7) also deforms into an oval shape. However, due to the all-round uniform reduction from the side of the adjacent strands of the rope 12 (Figs. 2, 3, 6, 7), it retains its integrity.

Since the steel rope has transverse rigidity, its transverse deformation during assembly of the node for connecting the ropes leads to the occurrence of pressure between the body of the rope being connected 7 (Figs. 1-3, 6, 7) and the surface of the groove 5 (Figs. 1-4, 6 , 7), as well as the working surface 14 (Fig. 6) of the pressure plate 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 6, 7). The pressure diagram in an arbitrary section of the groove 5 (Figs. 1-4, 6, 7) is shown in Fig. 7. On the section of the surface ad, the pressure p ₁ acts, on the sections ab and cd - the pressure p ₂ , on the section bc - the pressure p ₃ . Based on the nonlinear dependence of the resistance force c (x) (in N / m ² ) during transverse compression of the rope by the value x (in m) [7], which for the proposed technical solution is x = (1-Δ) d _k or x = (0.2 ... 0.3) d _k , the pressure values are determined by the following dependencies:

where μ is the Poisson's ratio of the rope; α is the angle in FIG. 7.

The arising pressures on the contact surface of the ropes to be connected 7 (Fig. 1-3, 6, 7) with the surface of the groove 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6, 7) and the pressure plate 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 6, 7) lead to the appearance of friction forces that resist the displacement of the ends of the ropes under the action of the axial tensile operating load S and thus ensure the operability of the proposed device for connecting the ropes. Linear (per unit of rope length) friction force ƒ (in N / m) arising in the cross section of one groove is:

where γ is the coefficient of friction of the steel rope on steel.

The retaining axial force F (in N) created by the proposed device for connecting the ropes, which determines the load capacity of this connection, taking into account the total length of the sections of the connected ropes 7 (Figs. 1-3, 6, 7), which are under the action of the pressure plate 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 6, 7), and the orientation of the cross-sections of the grooves 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6, 7) relative to the longitudinal axis of the split body 1 (Fig. 1) is:

where β is the angle of inclination of the tangent to the axial line of the groove at an arbitrary point within the length Δz relative to the longitudinal axis of the split body (Fig. 7); n is the number of segments of length Δz within the length of the split body (Fig. 7); y (z) is a mathematical dependence that determines the geometric shape of the groove centerline within the length Δz (in particular, for a groove having a sinusoidal shape,

where A is the amplitude of the axial line of the groove (Fig. 7).

Thus, the proposed device for connecting ropes ensures their efficient connection when an axial tensile operating load S of the value acts in the rope:

The condition for the execution of the groove 5 (Fig. 1-4, 6, 7) with a depth (0.7 ... 0.8%) d _k is due to the fact that the transverse deformation of the connected ropes 8 (Fig. 1) by the amount (0.2 … 0.3) d _k . With such a deformation value, a sufficiently high holding axial force F is obtained in the absence of irreversible damage to the strands and outer wires of the rope and rupture of the organic core.

The geometric shape and overall dimensions of the split body 1 (Fig. 1) exclude the possibility of its passage through the streams of the end rope pulleys of mobile rope complexes and ropeways with a circular motion of the ropes. Therefore, the proposed device for connecting ropes can only be used in mobile rope complexes and pendulum ropeways, in which the carrying and traction ropes perform a cyclic reciprocating motion between the end rope pulleys.

Alternatively, the grooves 5 (FIGS. 1-4, 6, 7) have a sinusoidal shape. This shape is favorable from the point of view of manufacturability of its manufacture, as well as reduction of bending stresses, which additionally arise in the connected ropes when they are laid in grooves 5 (Figs. 1-4, 6, 7).

As an option, the pressure plate 3 (Fig. 2, 3, 6, 7) on both working surfaces 14 (Fig. 6) has a knurling in the form of two crossing systems of parallel lines. The presence of knurling leads to an increase in the coefficient of friction of the steel rope on steel y and, thus, leads to an increase in the holding axial force F and the load capacity of the proposed device for connecting the ropes.

The technical and economic result from the introduction of the utility model is achieved through the creation of a fast-assembled rope connection with a high load capacity, which allows them to be used in the construction of mobile rope complexes and ropeways, which are characterized by the presence of high tensile operational loads in the carrying and traction ropes. When forming a connection, gentle conditions are implemented in relation to the ropes to be connected, which are manifested in the deformation effect of the tightening elements of the device on the outer surface of the ropes over a considerable length - up to 30 ... 50 rope diameters and in a uniform compression of their cross-section, which excludes breaks in rope strands and individual rope wires, as well as violation of the integrity of the organic core. This contributes to an increase in the service life of ropes, which are one of the most expensive elements of rope systems, and the safety of transportation and handling operations.

Sources of information

1. Pat. 2509239 Russian Federation, IPC F16G 11/04, F16G 11/10. Device for connecting ropes / Tsarev E.M .; applicant and patentee Mari State Technical University. - No. 2012128567/11; declared 07/05/2012; publ. 03/10/2014, Bul. No. 7.

2. Pat. 2280200 Russian Federation, IPC F16G 11/06, F16G 11/04, В66В 7/06. Device for connecting ropes / Tsarev E.M .; applicant and patentee Mari State Technical University. - No. 2004132644/11; declared 09.11.2004; publ. 20.07.2006, Bul. No. 20.

3. Federal norms and rules in the field of industrial safety "Safety rules for freight aerial ropeways": approved. Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision (order of November 22, 2013 No. 563).

4. Friction, wear and lubrication: A Handbook. In 2 books. Book. 1. / Ed. I.V. Kragelsky, V.V. Alisina. Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1978.400 p.

5. Safe operation, control and rejection of crane ropes / Ed. M.N. Khalfina. Novocherkassk: YRSTU Publishing House, 1995.

6. Korotkiy A.A., Lagerev A.V., Meskhi B.Ch., Lagerev I.A., Panfilov A.V. Development of the transport infrastructure of large cities and territories based on ropeway technology. Rostov-on-Don, DSTU, 2017.344 p.

7. Feyrer K. Wire ropes. Tension, Endurance, Reliability. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2015.336 p. 8

Claims (3)

1. A quick-release device for connecting ropes of mobile rope complexes of a pendulum type, containing a split body of two identical halves in the form of rectangular thick-walled plates, grooves for laying the ends of the ropes to be connected and tie bolts for pressing and fixing the halves of the body, characterized in that the length of each half a split body along its inner surface is made along one smooth zigzag groove with a width equal to the diameter of the rope to be connected, a depth equal to (0.7 ... 0.8) the diameter of the rope to be connected, and a bottom rounding radius equal to the radius of the rope to be connected, and between the body halves placed pressure plate. 2. A quick disconnect device for connecting ropes of mobile rope complexes of the pendulum type according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove has a sinusoidal shape. 3. A quick-release device for connecting ropes of mobile rope complexes of a pendulum type according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure plate on both working surfaces is knurled in the form of two crossing systems of parallel lines.

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