RU2000274C1 - Method of purifying water - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: wastewater treatment of various industries Summary of the invention: wastewater is treated in a field of a galvanic cell while circulating water and passing dispersed air with a bubble size of 1-2 mm. The method is carried out in any type of photographic apparatus equipped with a galvanic cell. The treatment is carried out in a fluidized bed of air bubbles or in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or oxygen or ozone. 3 s p f 4

Description

The invention relates to the purification of water, especially waste water of various industries, meat, dairy, mineral processing, oil and fat, leather, petrochemical and others.

Known Method for Wastewater Treatment by Flotation Flotation is a fairly productive treatment method.

However, it allows only a rough cleaning, due to which it plays a more auxiliary role.

Closest to the proposed method is a method of water purification by galvanic coagulation, which is based on the principle of operation of a short-circuited galvanic cell based on galvanic pairs (such as iron-copper, iron-coke) placed in a solution to be cleaned. Due to the difference in electrochemical potentials, the iron is anodically polarized and passes into the solution with the formation of oxide compounds. Iron scrap is periodically loaded as it is consumed. Cleaning of solutions is carried out in a rotating flow-through brdbh. which are loaded with GMGK h rlgtmpgo MRDMOGO scrap or coke

In certain proportions, the contaminant is sorbed on the formed oxide compounds, which are then separated from the liquid phase by thickening by filtration and other known methods.

The disadvantages of this method are the relatively high productivity of the process, the cumbersomeness of the equipment used requiring large production costs, insufficient cleaning depth, difficulty in connecting the process with existing plants for cleaning their effluents, increased energy consumption for rotation of the total mass of the solution to be cleaned, and the component of the galp epic element.

The proposed method is disabled. that the treated waters simultaneously come into contact with the developed honor of gas bubbles with intensive circulation of the flow through a short pulse and a m. vanilla element.

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An element with simultaneous passage of gas (air) bubbles through it, the impurity can be sorbed on two highly developed surfaces at the same time: on the liquid-gas interface and the surface of oxide compounds formed as a result of the electrochemical reaction with the formation of foam and sediment. At the same time, due to the gas phase, the electrochemical reaction is accelerated, i.e. the growth of the newly formed oxide surface is stimulated and, therefore, its sorption activity. Thus, the conditions for intensification and increase in the degree of emission of contaminants from the aqueous phase in a unit of working volume are created. In this case, there is no need to move the entire working mass, it is enough to move the cleaned solution and gas bubbles in the galvanic cell.

To further simplify the process, it can be carried out in any type of flotation machine with a short-circuited galvanic cell placed in the photocamera while ensuring the conditions of circulation of the solution and protecting its moving parts from the ingress of coarse particles of the galvanic pair.

In order to further improve the use of the gas phase in the volume of the galvanic cell and the solution to be cleaned, a fluidized layer of gas bubbles is created. This increases the likelihood and completeness of the interaction of gaseous bubbles with the polluting elements of the galvanic couple. This process can be carried out, for example, in boilers a layer of air bubbles.

To further increase the depth and versatility of wastewater treatment, a strong oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide, oxygen or ozone, including as the gas phase, is introduced into the process in any way. A sharp increase in the oxidizing properties of the medium makes it possible to further intensify the electrochemical reaction while neutralizing the effluent

As a short-circuited galvanic cell in the proposed method using a mixture of coarse-grained materials, iron, copper scrap. coke, graphite, shavings and various metal wastes having an electrochemical potential difference The components for a galvanic cell select the outcome from a specific cleaning task

At its core, the proposed method represents a new process for

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It should be called flotogalvanocoagulation (FGK) FGK is an effective method of water purification; it allows purification using small production areas; it is quite versatile, easily fits into various industries, combines with other known purification methods, and provides a sufficient depth of water purification to discard or reuse them.

EXAMPLE 1. Wastewater from a meat processing plant received after the coarse separation of fats in a sedimentation tank. The main task is the treatment of wastewater from grease.

According to the proposed method (claim 1 of the formula), the effluent to be cleaned was passed through a column filled with a mixture of aluminum shavings and coke in a ratio of 4.1, with the solution circulating through the circulation pipe using an aerial lift. Through the porous bottom of the column air was supplied in the form of bubbles with a particle size of 1-2 mm. The solution to be cleaned was contacted with the aluminum-coke galvanic cell and with air for 15 minutes. At the same time, part of the fat was released as foam, the other part precipitated when the treated solution was clarified for 2 hours. The obtained parameters are presented in gauge 1.

According to a variant of the proposed method (claim 2), the effluent was cleaned in a three-liter mechanical flotation machine with a chamber filled with the indicated galvanic cell. The impeller was protected by a grid from particles of the galvanic cell, and the chamber was closed from above by a grid to prevent its particles from being carried out into the foam. Circulation, air suction and its dispersion were carried out during rotation of the impeller at a speed of 1500 rpm. The foam was automatically removed using a foam remover. the treated solution was clarified. The obtained indicators are presented in table 1

According to a variant of the proposed method (claim 3 of the formula), the effluent was cleaned in a laboratory fluidized bed flotation machine. A galvanic cell was placed in the photocamera between two horizontal gratings. Using these gratings, a circulation chute and an impeller unit, a fluidized layer of air bubbles is created in the volume of the galvanic cell while the liquid phase is circulating. The remaining process parameters corresponded to the method according to claim 2. The obtained indicators are presented in table 1

According to the proposed method (claim 4 of the formula), the cleaning was carried out in a fluidized bed pressurizing machine with the supply of oxidizing agents in various ways: a) supply of a Ki-syrup from a cylinder with compressed gas to the suction pipe of the flotation machine; b) adding 200 mg / dm3 of hydrogen peroxide to the solution to be cleaned; c) supply of ozone from the laboratory ozonizer to the suction port of the flotation machine with a productivity of 0.5 kg / h in ozone. The obtained indicators are presented in tzbl. 1.

According to the method, hereafter for the prototype, the cleaning was carried out in a rotating drum filled with aluminum chips and coke in a ratio of 4: 1. The optimal contact time was 30 minutes. Then the clarifier was clarified for 2 hours. The optimal process indicators for this method are presented in -eb. 1.

For comparison, a pure flotation treatment was also carried out on a laboratory fluidized bed flotation machine to extract fat into the foam product. The resulting figures are presented in table 1,

From the obtained data it follows that the proposed method has several advantages compared to the prototype: depths, purification increases 1.6 times (the residual concentration of fats decreases from 40 to 25 mg / dm, the optimal contact time with JXHM galvanic is optimal. by the element decreases by 2.-hzs1, therefore, the volume of the equipment of the operation of this operation also decreases by half, the need for energy g and the capacity of the galvanic cell disappears.

Carrying out the proposed method using flotation equipment significantly increases the depth of the eye. lower the fat content in the stock is up to 18 i g / dm3 (below the MPC). In this case, all are saved. advantages of the flotation process: high productivity, good manageability and the ability to combine with other processes. Compared to the purely flotation process, the residual concentration of fats decreases by more than 3 oases with the intensification of the GMI process itself :. ki.

When creating according to the proposed method dv, the volume of galv .. n element of a fluidized bed of air bubbles, the cleaning depth increases in comparison with the prototype in 2.8, the fat content after

purification is reduced to 14 mg / dm.

The implementation of the proposed method by introducing an oxidizing agent further increases its efficiency in accordance with its oxidation state and with particularity: introducing oxygen or hydrogen peroxide reduces the residual

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the concentration of fats is up to 11-12 mg / dm, the introduction of the most powerful oxidizing agent - ozone provides the maximum degree of purification to a concentration of fats of 9 mg / dm.

PRI me R 2. Waste water from a dairy plant was received for purification in order to remove fat: initial effluent (fat content 425 mg / dm and after rough flotation treatment (fat content 155 mg / dm3).

According to the proposed method, the purification was carried out as described for example 1 according to claim 3, as a galvanic cell, a mixture of iron chips and graphite in a ratio of 4: 1 was used. The obtained indicators are presented in table.2.

According to the method, moreover, for the prototype, cleaning the boar, as in example 1, using as a galvanic cell a mixture of iron chips and graphite in a ratio of 4: 1. The obtained indicators are presented in table.2.

From the obtained data it follows that the proposed method allows to increase the depth of purification of the dairy’s runoff from fats by 1.5-2.0 times while intensifying contacting by half, which accordingly reduces the required volume of equipment.

EXAMPLE 3. Wastewater contaminated with surfactant was supplied to the treatment.

According to the proposed method, cleaning was carried out as described in example 1 according to claim 2.

According to the method, moreover, for the prototype, purification was carried out as described in example 1.

The obtained indicators are presented in table.3.

From the obtained data it follows that the proposed method intensifies the purification of runoff from surfactants, reducing the contact time by 2.5 times, and provides complete purification in comparison with the prototype.

EXAMPLE 4. Wastewater contaminated with oil products with a content of 115 mg / dm was received for treatment. Purification was carried out as described in example 3. The data obtained are presented in table.4.

As follows from the data of Table 4, the proposed method in comparison with the prototype provides a deeper purification from petroleum products while reducing the contact time by 1.5 times.

Analyzing the above examples of water purification from various pollutants, usually difficult to remove, we can conclude that the proposed method of water purification has a number of significant advantages over the known purification methods, including the method taken as a prototype:

1. Significant improvement of water treatment, increasing the depth of treatment for components in 1.5-2 times or more;

2. Reducing the necessary special equipment / in which contacting the treated water by 1.5-2.5 times and the energy consumption for cleaning, which dramatically reduces the cost of the process;

3. The possibility of using the process for cleaning the wide gem of pollutants, i.e. its versatility is sufficient;

4. The compactness of the process and its good compatibility with various industries and other cleaning methods.

Claims (4)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A method for purifying water, comprising treating it in a field of a galvanic cell followed by separation of solid and liquid phases. characterized in that. that treatment is carried out with water circulation and simultaneous transmission of dispersed air with a bubble size of 1-2 mm. 2. The method according to claim 1. characterized in that the processing is carried out in any type of photographic apparatus equipped with a galvanic cell. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment is carried out in a fluidized bed of air bubbles. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment is carried out in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or oxygen. and ozone. Indicators of sewage treatment m sokombinat Table 1 table 2 2000274 10 table 3 Table 4