RU2000192C1 - Tool head of abrasive wheel machining lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in machine tools for machining abrasive wheels with vertical spindle layout. Essence: in operation, the supporting surfaces of the carriage 13 are separated by a hydrostatic lubricant layer. Through the worm gear 5, the column 1, together with the headstock, is first quickly and then slowly brought to the workpiece 35 and from the cylinder 27 makes a reciprocating movement. The supply of the tool 14 is performed when it comes out of contact with the product 35. To do this, the distributor connects the rod cavities 32 of the cylinders 29 and rotates the column 1 together with the headstock from the feed drive to provide the feed. 2 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to machine tool industry and can be used in abrasive wheel machines with vertical spindle arrangement.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of processing by reducing vibration.

Figure 1 shows a structural diagram; Fig. 2 is a hydraulic diagram of a device including sections A-A, B-B and B-B in Fig. 1.

The tool head contains a column 1 mounted in the bearings 2, 3 of the rolling stock 4 of the machine with the possibility of accelerated and working rotation from the feed drive (not shown) through the worm gear 5.

Column 1 is made with two diametrically located wedge-shaped grooves 6, 7, in which two rolling pins 8 9 are installed, the latter being paired with the column by means of two flats 10, 11, the angle between which is equal to the angle of the wedge-shaped grooves 6, 7 of column 1. Fastening the rolling pins 8, 9 to the column is carried out by screws 12. In the carriage 13 of the headstock there is a tool spindle 14, in addition, three through bores 15 are made in the carriage 13 to accommodate the rolling pins 8, 9 and the column 1. On both sides in the bores 15 , 16, 17 of column 1 are made of six supporting ka mans 18, and similar holes Rolling Pin 8, 9 - three pockets 19, 20, 21.

The first group of pockets 18. 20, connected to the column 1 and rolling pins 8, 9, is connected via adjustable input impedances 22 to a constant pressure lubrication hydraulic line 23. This group of pockets sets the headstock relative to column 1 in two vertical mutually perpendicular planes, i.e. perceives radial forces. In addition, the axial bridges of the pockets 20, into which, when the headstock moves back and forth, the fastening screws 12 are inserted, are longer than the diameters of their counterbores.

The second group of pockets 19, 21. receiving rotary forces, contains four pairs of pockets mating with rolling pins 8, 9.

Each pair of pockets 21 located on one vertical surface is connected to a flow divider 24, and opposite pockets 19 are connected to a hydraulic line 25 of the regulated lubrication pressure, for example, by means of a pressure reducing valve 26

Structurally, the input resistances 22, the flow divider 24, and the pressure reducing valve 26 are located on the head carriage 13 and are connected to the carrier pockets 19, 20, 21 and to the lubrication pressure hydraulic line 25.

The vertical reciprocating movement of the headstock is carried out by the hydraulic cylinder 27. The rods 28 of the cylinders 29 of the clamp of the column 1 are connected via cables 30 to the disk 31, which is rigidly connected to the column, and the rod cavities 32 of the cylinders 29 are made equal and are constantly communicated through the check valves 33 with the working pressure of the lubricant and are able to communicate with each other via a two-position distributor 34.

The device operates as follows.

Through inlet resistors 22, flow divider 24 and pressure reducing valve 26

0, lubricant under pressure enters the bearing pockets 19, 20. 21. In this case, the hydrostatic layer of lubricant flowing from the pockets 19, 20, 21 separates the supporting surfaces of the carriage 13 with the column 1 and the rolling pins 8, 9.

5 By the distributor 34, the rod cavities 32 of the cylinders 29 are shunted and, from the headstock turning drive, together with the column 1, first quickly and then with a working feed, it is fed to the workpiece 35 (it may consist of several blanks).

Further, the rod cavities 32 of the cylinders 29 are locked by the distributor 34 and the headstock makes a reciprocating movement from the cylinder 27. The supply of tool 14 is performed when it comes out of contact with the workpiece 35. To do this, the distributor 34 reconnects the rod cavities 32 of the cylinders 29, thereby unlocking the column 1, and the tool 14 is fed from the drive through the worm gear 5.

The weight of the headstock and the components of the cutting forces in two vertical mutually perpendicular planes are perceived by the bearing pockets 18, 20, and the components of the cutting forces in the horizontal plane (rotational cutting force) are balanced by the pockets 19. 21, and with increasing rotational force increases

0 pressure in pockets 19, 21, i.e. the pump

The presence of a hydrostatic layer in the headstock supports significantly increases the damping of the system, which eliminates vibration during processing and improves the quality of processing.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An instrument headstock for an abrasive wheel processing machine, comprising a body mounted thereto to rotate and fix the column in folders, on which a carriage is mounted, carrying a spindle with a tool and connected to a reciprocating hydraulic cylinder connected to a hydraulic system, distinguishing so that the rolling pins are mounted diametrically opposite on the column, and on the surfaces of the carriage adjacent to the column and rolling pins, two groups of load pockets are made from the conditions The names of hydrostatic supports, of which the pockets of the first group, designed to absorb radial forces, are located around the column and rolling pins, and the pockets of the second group, designed to absorb rotational forces, are located around each rolling pin 0 pairwise vertically and symmetrically with respect to the plane passing through the axis of the column and rolling pins, while the pockets of the first group are connected to the constant pressure hydraulic line of the hydraulic system through the adjustable resistance introduced into the headstock, and one of the mentioned vertical pairs of pockets of the first rolling pin of the second group is located diagonally similar to a pair of pockets of the second rolling pin of the same group communicated through a flow divider introduced into the headstock with a constant flow hydraulic line for the hydraulic system, the rest pocket :. the second group are connected with each other and with a hydraulic pressure regulated hydraulic line. fwa