RU199319U1 - DEVICE FOR MULTI-PROJECTION X-RAY-NEGATIVE PACKING OF THE WRIST IN X-RAY - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to medical equipment, to auxiliary devices used in X-ray diagnostics, used for placing the hand. The device for multi-projection X-ray-negative placement of the hand for X-ray examination contains a base 1, equipped with a working surface 2 designed for placing the hand, and five supporting surfaces 3,4,5,6,7, designed for installation on an X-ray table. Moreover, one lower support surface 3 is located parallel to the working surface 2, two side support surfaces, left 5 and right 4, are located perpendicular to the working surface 2, two oblique support surfaces, left 7 and right 6, are transitional for the lower 3 and side support surfaces 4 , 5 and are located at an angle of 45 degrees to the working 2, side 4,5 and bottom 3 surfaces. The working surface 2 contains a figured recess 8 with six diverging rays 9, designed to accommodate fingers, the base is made of X-ray negative material. The technical result is to ensure the laying of the hand, fingers and joints in a predetermined position, optionally: in a direct, lateral or oblique projection , and the preservation of anatomical relationships in the hand when performing an X-ray examination, on a radiolucent (X-ray negative) and comfortable device for use, which allows unambiguously placing the left or right hand with sufficient rigidity and in a stable position. 2 wp f-ly, 11 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to medical equipment, to auxiliary devices used in X-ray diagnostics, used for laying the hand.

When X-ray examination of the hand, it is required to place it in an X-ray machine, between the source and the receiver of radiation, in a certain position (projection), so that the projection of the hand onto the plane of the X-ray cassette with the film provides an informative picture of the structures under study. In order to obtain the necessary visualization of the internal structures of the hand during an X-ray examination, it is necessary to place the hand on the table of the X-ray apparatus in various positions that provide the desired projection. As a rule, fixation of the hand in the required position during radiography is necessary in classical ("standard") projections, which are most often used for research, such as: frontal (anteroposterior, posterior-anterior), lateral, and oblique projections.

Known device for radiography of the hand (source [1]: patent RU 145488). The device contains an X-ray generator connected to a control panel and an X-ray emitter. At the exit of the X-ray beam of the emitter, a tube is fixed, designed to form the geometry of the X-ray beam. The tube consists of a truncated pyramid-shaped neck and a connecting flange. The neck is made of leaded glass, which strongly absorbs X-ray quanta. The neck is made elongated, its butt end adjoins the deck of the object table (the table itself is not shown). The stage of the stage is made of a radiolucent material such as carbon fiber. Under the deck is an X-ray receiver, such as a cassette loaded with film. In the end part of the neck of the tube, opposite the side opening, there are four rectangular partitions for fingers of the hand, made of leaded glass. They are designed to absorb the scattered radiation that occurs in the tissues of the fingers of the hand. The set of the X-ray apparatus includes two replaceable tubes for radiography of the right and left hands. In the process of preparing for the examination, the patient inserts his hand through the side opening of the tube neck into the shooting area, the fingers of the hand should be between the septa

The device [1] is intended primarily for the detection of vibration disease, provides hand placement only in one position, in the anteroposterior projection. Does not allow laying and fixing the hand in the required position in the lateral and oblique projection. In case of bone fractures, it is difficult for victims to independently hold the injured limb when taking pictures, especially in oblique projections during an X-ray examination.

Known device for laying the distal parts of the extremities for radiography (source [2]: patent RU 42413), in particular the wrist joint. The device contains a base with a slot in the center. Perpendicular to the base, a graduated scale is rigidly fixed with a lock and through holes made with a step of 10 ° to the right and left of the zero value of the scale. The slot contains a vertical plate with screws at the ends, with the ability to move up to 50 ° to the right and left on the scale. The plate is equipped with a removable X-ray negative cuff to secure the examined limb. The base is mounted on an X-ray film cassette. When performing standard Rg-images (in frontal and lateral projections), the plate is installed perpendicular to the base and graduated scale in the slot and secured with a retainer. The examined limb is placed on the base, firmly pressed against the plate and a graduated scale. Additionally, the limb is secured with an X-ray negative cuff. When performing non-standard oblique projections, the plate is fixed in the hole of the scale using a retainer at the desired angle of rotation of the limb. The device makes it possible to conduct studies in classical and non-standard projections, allows you to reliably strengthen the injured limb and eliminate errors in limb placement when performing radiographs.

The device [2] does not allow laying and fixing the hand and fingers in the required position in the lateral and oblique projections. A patient with a damaged limb, in order to maintain anatomical relationships, must independently hold the fingers in the required position when taking pictures, which requires muscular efforts, especially in oblique and lateral projections, since the fingers are not fixed from movement and arbitrarily change position during X-ray examination ... A patient with an injured limb is not always able to keep the hand and fingers in the required position. In the device [2] there is no possibility for precise positioning of the hand, fingers and joints, providing their locomotion. The device contains X-ray positive structural elements.

Thus, the problem of existing analogs is that they do not allow to set the hand and keep the fingers and joints in a given position, while maintaining the anatomical relationships, when performing X-ray examination of the hand, in lateral and oblique projections. In addition, the known analogs do not provide ease of use, tactile comfort for the patient when placing the hand.

The task to be solved by the technical solution is to ensure the possibility of placing the hand on the X-ray table and holding the fingers, joints in a given position, optionally in the frontal, lateral or oblique projection (middle position between the lateral and frontal projection), when performing an X-ray examination ... Moreover, X-ray transparency and comfort of use for the staff and the patient must be ensured.

The technical result consists in ensuring the laying of the hand, fingers and joints in a given position, optionally: in a frontal, lateral or oblique projection, and preserving the anatomical relationships in the hand when performing an X-ray examination, on a X-ray transparent (X-ray negative) and comfortable device for use, allowing unambiguously carry out the laying of the left or right hand with sufficient rigidity and in a stable position.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a device for multi-projection X-ray negative placement of the hand for radiography contains a base equipped with a working surface intended for placing a hand and five supporting surfaces intended for installation on an X-ray table. Moreover, one lower support surface is located parallel to the working surface, two lateral support surfaces, left and right, are located perpendicular to the working surface, two oblique support surfaces, left and right, are transitional for the lower and side support surfaces and are located at an angle of 45 degrees to the working surface. , side and bottom surfaces. The working surface contains a figured recess with six diverging beams designed to accommodate fingers, the base is made of X-ray negative material.

The device can be made of any X-ray-negative (X-ray transparent) material, such as polymers, plastic, expanded polystyrene, rubber, etc. The working surface of the base, intended for contact with the hand, can be made of a material that differs in properties from the main body, for example, polyurethane foam, foam silicone, soft rubber, while the base is made of plastic, expanded polystyrene, hard rubber.

Preferably, the base is made of expanded polystyrene, and the working surface of the base is made (covered) of flexible polyurethane foam, such a structure is sufficiently strong, lightweight, economical, and comfortable to use.

The device, after fixing the hand in a given position, allows multi-projection radiography of the segment without disturbing the stability of the position of the hand, which excludes changes in the anatomical relationships in the segment under study. The device is easy to manufacture, does not require special skills for operation.

The technical solution is illustrated by graphic materials:

FIG. 1 is a diagram, top view of the device, laying in a direct projection position;

FIG. 2 - diagram, rear view of the device, laying in the position of direct projection;

FIG. 3 - diagram, rear view of the device, laying in an oblique projection position;

FIG. 4 is a diagram, rear view of the device, laying in a side projection position;

FIG. 5 - photo, model of the device, top view, laying in the position of direct projection;

FIG. 6 - photo, layout of the device, top view, laying in the oblique projection position (45 degrees to the left);

FIG. 7 - photo, mock-up of the device with a laid brush, top view, laying in a direct projection position;

FIG. 8 - photo, mock-up of the device with the brush laid, top view, laying in the oblique projection position (45 degrees to the right);

FIG. 9 - photo, mock-up of the device with the brush laid, top view, laying in the oblique projection position (45 degrees to the left);

FIG. 10 is a diagram, the device is equipped with X-ray negative belts, a top view of the device, laying in a direct projection position;

FIG. 11 is a diagram, the device is equipped with X-ray negative belts, a rear view of the device, laying in a lateral projection position.

On graphic materials, numbers indicate:

1 base;

2 work surface;

3 lower support surface;

4 right side support surface;

5 left side bearing surface;

6 right oblique bearing surface;

7 left oblique bearing surface;

8 figured recess;

9 rays;

10 belt.

Implementation of the technical solution.

The device for multiprojection X-ray-negative laying of the hand for X-ray examination contains a base 1. Base 1 is made of an X-ray negative material - expanded polystyrene. The base 1 can also be made of other material such as polymers, plastic, hard rubber, etc. allowing to keep the shape and X-ray negative (X-ray transparent). The base 1 contains on top of the working surface 2, intended for laying the hand, and five support surfaces 3,4,5,6,7, designed to install the base on the X-ray table (support surface for taking an X-ray) in a given position. In cross-section, the base is made in the form of half an octahedron, it contains a lower support surface 3, intended for setting the base in a direct projection position, a right side support surface 4 and a left side support surface 5, intended for setting the base in the position of the right and left side projections, right oblique support surface 6 and left oblique support surface 7, designed to set the base in the position of the right and left oblique projections. The lower support surface 3 is located parallel to the working surface 2. The lateral support surfaces, left 5 and right 4, are located perpendicular to the working surface 2. Oblique support surfaces, left 7 and right 6, are transitional for the lower 3 and lateral 5,4 support surfaces and are located at an angle of 45 degrees to the working 2, lateral 5.4 and lower 3 surfaces. The working surface 2 contains a figured depression 8 intended for placing (laying) the hand. Shaped recess 8 is made with six diverging 9, designed to accommodate fingers. The beams 9 have the form of even rounded grooves, separated by bridges between themselves. The working surface 2 is modeled according to the anatomical shape of the hand. Six rays 9 are made to provide the possibility of alternately installing the left hand and the right hand on the same base 1. The working surface 2 of the base 1 is designed for contact with the hand and should provide a comfortable tactile sensation (this is important for patients with damaged, injured hand), made of polyurethane foam (for example, such as foam rubber). The working surface 2 can also be made of foamed silicone, soft rubber.

FIG. 5,6,7; 8; 9 shows a mock-up of the device, where the base 1 is made of expanded polystyrene, and the working surface 2 of the base 1 is made of elastic polyurethane foam - foam, such a design is quite strong, lightweight, economical, and comfortable to use.

FIG. 10, 11 shows a device where the base 1 is equipped with X-ray negative belts 10 intended for additional fixation of the arm bone when the device is installed in the lateral projection position, i.e. on the left 5 or right 4 side support surface of the base 1.

Using a technical solution.

The device is placed on an X-ray table (support surface for performing an X-ray image) with the lower support surface 3 of the base 1 (Fig. 5). A hand is placed on the working surface 2 in a figured recess 8 (Fig. 7), while the fingers of the hand are placed in the recess of rays 9. The figured recess 8 contains six rays 9 for laying the left or right hand. When the hand is laid, one of the extreme rays 8 remains free, as it is intended to accommodate the thumb of the hand. The figured recess 8 allows you to set the hand and keep the fingers in the recesses, in a given position, while maintaining the anatomical relationship.

To perform an X-ray examination of the hand, in a direct projection (Fig. 1; 2; 7), the base with a brush laid in a figured depression 8 is stored on the X-ray table with support on the lower support surface 3 and a picture is taken, obtaining an image of the hand in a direct projection, for example anteroposterior. To perform a posterior-anterior projection, the hand in the figured depression 8 is turned (rotated) 180 degrees.

To perform an X-ray examination of the hand, in an oblique projection (Fig. 3; 6; 8; 9), the base 1 with a brush laid in a figured recess 8 is turned on the X-ray table onto the right oblique supporting surface 6 to obtain a right oblique projection, or a left oblique support surface 7, to obtain a left oblique projection, and take a picture, getting an image of the brush in oblique projection.

To perform an X-ray examination of the hand, in a lateral projection (Fig. 4), the base 1 with a brush laid in a figured recess 8 is turned on the X-ray table onto the right lateral support surface 4, to obtain a right lateral projection, or the left lateral support surface 5, for obtaining a left lateral projection, and take a picture, receiving an image of the hand in a lateral projection.

To perform X-ray examination of the hand, in lateral projection (Fig. 10, 11), in the case when the patient is not able to hold the hand in the figured recess 8, mow is fixed with belts 10. The base 1 with the brush laid is turned on the X-ray table to the right lateral support surface 4, to obtain a right lateral projection, or a left lateral support surface 5, to obtain a left lateral projection, and take a picture, obtaining an image of the hand in a lateral projection.

The base 1 of the device contains supporting surfaces 3,4,5,6,7 located around the center of the hand at an angle of 0, 90 and 45 degrees, so the device with a hand fixed in it can be positioned in the required projections without disturbing the given position of the hand and fingers ...

Thus, the device, after fixing the hand in a given position, allows multi-projection radiography of the segment without disturbing the stability of the hand position. The device provides placement of the hand, fingers and joints in a predetermined position, at choice: in a frontal, lateral or oblique projection, and preservation of the anatomical relationships in the hand when performing an X-ray examination, on an X-ray negative and comfortable device for use, which allows unambiguous placement of the left or right hand with sufficient rigidity and in a stable position.

Claims (3)

1. A device for multi-projection X-ray-negative placement of the hand for X-ray examination contains a base equipped with a working surface designed for placing the hand and five supporting surfaces intended for installation on an X-ray table, one lower supporting surface parallel to the working surface, two lateral supporting surfaces , left and right, are located perpendicular to the working surface, two oblique support surfaces, left and right, are transitional for the lower and side support surfaces and are located at an angle of 45 ° to the working, side and lower surfaces, the working surface contains a figured recess with six diverging beams designed to accommodate fingers, the base is made of X-ray negative material. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is made of expanded polystyrene. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surface is made of flexible polyurethane foam.

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