RU197231U1 - LIGATURE FOR SPIRITUAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the production of musical instruments and accessories used for attaching canes to mouthpieces of clarinets and saxophones. The technical result consists in increasing the strength of the ligature and at the same time reducing weight while ensuring the necessary sound characteristics (sonicity, volume, volume, better controllability - articulation) due to material and shape modifications that provide optimal vibration and timbral characteristics. The ligature for wind musical instruments is a piece of tube made of a composite material expanding in one direction, the inner surface of which forms the shape of a truncated pyramid with a base in the shape of a polygon.

Description

The utility model relates to the production of musical instruments and accessories, is used to attach canes to the mouthpieces of clarinets and saxophones.

The following solutions are known in the art.

Known ligature for wind musical instruments (UK patent No. 2453960, published 12.09.2012), made of hard rubber or other plastic, the outer surface of which forms a truncated cone.

Also known is the ligature for wind musical instruments (international publication of application WO2011020929, published February 24, 2011), the central part of which includes a recess of variable depth and width, and two conical rings are provided at its ends, the sizes of these rings vary depending on the internal recess, and all they are formed as one structure in each of the holes of the cone.

Also known is a ligature for wind musical instruments, containing a ring with an inner surface forming a truncated cone with protruding elements on the surface (US 4080866 A, published 03/28/1978).

The closest analogue to the patented solution is a ligature for wind musical instruments, containing a cylindrical shell having a non-metallic overlay, the inner surface of the shell having an annular recess for holding the overlay (US patent No. 2292584, published 11.08.1942).

The materials and structures used in the manufacture of well-known ligatures dampen the vibration of the cane on the mouthpiece; as a result, the sound is not as clear and voluminous as on master alloys made of composite materials, especially using various guides or protruding elements adjacent to the cane or mouthpiece.

Many ligatures are made of leather, which dampens vibration by its properties, in addition, many ligatures are made with screws, which complicates the uniform distribution of the degree of pressure of the ligature body against the cane, to ensure uniform sound in different registers.

The technical problem is the necessity of attaching the mouthpiece to the cane reliably, but without distortion of sound.

The problem is solved by the manufacture of ligatures from composite materials with increased strength and durability, as well as reducing the area of contact of the ligature to the body of the mouthpiece and canes.

The technical result consists in increasing the strength of the ligature and at the same time reducing weight while ensuring the necessary sound characteristics (sonicity, volume, volume, better controllability - articulation) due to material and shape modifications that provide optimal vibration and timbral characteristics.

The claimed result is achieved due to the design of the ligature for wind musical instruments, which is a piece of tube made of composite material expanding in one direction, the inner surface of which forms the shape of a truncated pyramid with a base in the shape of a polygon.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the composite material is carbon, fiberglass, carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fabric, prepreg, 3D printing plastic, multiaxial fabrics, basalt fabric, liquid plastic, abs plastic, wood or metal.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the design can be in the form of a circle on the inside or a gear with numerous internal protruding elements that are in contact with the mouthpiece body, and the ligature body can have cutouts or holes.

In the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the protruding elements are conical or cylindrical protrusions, or flat protrusions stretched parallel to or across the axis of the ligature body, or annular protrusions, or protrusions in the form of elevations, bosses or a grid of intersecting lines.

Due to the lightness and at the same time rigidity of composite materials, ligatures acquire important properties, which are expressed in a brighter, more voluminous and sonorous sound when playing wind musical instruments (clarinets and saxophones). The sound is aligned over the entire range. The shape of the inner surface of the ligature provides minimal contact with the mouthpiece and cane with only one point on each side of the polygon, thereby providing better sound characteristics. The bends of a regular polygon play the role of a spring, which contributes to additional freedom of vibration, while the external shape of the ligature is not so important, it can be round or different in shape, in comparison with the internal shape.

Further, the solution is illustrated by reference to the figures, which show the following.

FIG. 1 - 3 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an external surface in the form of a cone and an internal surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a pentagonal base.

FIG. 4-6 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a pentagonal base.

FIG. 7-9 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface in the form of a cone and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a quadrangular base.

FIG. 9-12 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a quadrangular base.

FIG. 13-15 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a hexagonal base.

FIG. 16-18 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface in the form of a cone and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a hexagonal base.

FIG. 19-20 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface in the form of a cone and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a heptagonal base.

FIG. 21-22 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a heptagonal base.

FIG. 23-26 - FIG. 19-20 - images from different sides of the ligature performed with an outer surface and an inner surface in the form of a cone with protruding elements on the inner surface.

FIG. 27 - the attachment of the mouthpiece to the cane using a ligature.

FIG. 28 is a sectional view of the attachment of the mouthpiece to the cane using a ligature performed with an outer surface in the form of a cone and an inner surface in the form of a truncated pyramid with a pentagonal base.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the attachment of the mouthpiece to the cane using a ligature performed with an outer surface and an inner surface in the form of a cone with protruding elements on the inner surface.

The ligature consists of ring 1 (a piece of tube expanding slightly in one direction at a certain angle, the width of which depends on the mouthpiece of clarinets and saxophones used) from composite material, and in particular, plastic, wood or metal. The inner surface 2 of the ligature forms a truncated pyramid with polygons at the base. Polygons can be a square, a pentagon, as well as a six-, seven-, octagon, etc. In the particular case, the mentioned polygons are regular.

The outer surface 4 thus forms either a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid, the shape of the base of which corresponds to the shape of the base of the inner surface. There may also be options when the shape of the base of the inner surface differs from the shape of the base of the outer surface, for example, the inner surface forms a truncated pyramid with a pentagon in the base, and the outer one with a heptagon, etc.

In a particular case, the inner surface 2 forms a truncated cone, on the inner surface of which there are protruding elements 3. The protruding elements can be conical or cylindrical protrusions, or flat protrusions extended parallel to the axis of the ligature body, or annular protrusions designed to press the ligature to the mouthpiece. The ligature case with protruding elements is integral with one another. The material from which the ligature is made is a composite material, for example, carbon, fiberglass, carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fabric, prepreg, 3D printing plastic, multiaxial fabrics, basalt fabric, liquid plastic, wood, chipboard, abs plastic.

The mount is easy to install and at the same time very firmly fixes the cane 6 on the mouthpiece 5. For ease of installation, the housing walls are made with a thickening on the outer surface. There is an installation option, both with guides on the cane and without them, by turning the ring 180 degrees and pressing the cane with the inside of the ring, thanks to this you can achieve several different tones for the sound of wind instruments, clarinets and saxophones, using one ligature, without resorting to mechanical replacement of parts or elements of the ligature.

The device operates as follows:

The ring ligature is put on the mouthpiece with a cane from above and fixes the cane on the mouthpiece due to the friction force created by the large contact area of the ring with the cane and mouthpiece. Fixation occurs by moving the ring all the way down. The ligature is removed in the reverse order by shifting the ring up.

Claims (10)

1. Ligature for wind musical instruments, which is a piece of pipe made of composite material expanding in one direction, the inner surface of which forms the shape of a truncated pyramid with a base in the shape of a polygon. 2. The ligature according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the truncated pyramid is a regular polygon. 3. The ligature according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the truncated pyramid is a quadrangle or pentagon or hexagon or heptagon or octagon. 4. The ligature according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the ligature forms a truncated pyramid, with a base in the shape of a polygon. 5. The ligature according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer surface of the ligature forms a truncated pyramid, with the base in the form of a regular polygon. 6. The ligature according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the ligature forms a truncated cone. 7. The ligature according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the ligature forms a truncated cone. 8. The ligature according to claim 7, characterized in that the protruding elements are located on the inner surface, located discretely. 9. The ligature according to claim 8, characterized in that the protruding elements are conical or cylindrical protrusions, or flat protrusions extended parallel to or across the axis of the ligature body, or annular protrusions, or protrusions in the form of elevations, or bosses, or a mesh of intersecting lines. 10. The ligature according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite material is carbon, fiberglass, carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid fabric, prepreg, 3D printing plastic, multiaxial fabrics, basalt fabric, liquid plastic, abs plastic, wood or metal.

Images