RU197229U1 - Postamat with a system for monitoring and testing the operating status of the lock - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for delivering goods. A stand with a system for monitoring and testing the operating state of the lock contains cells isolated from each other with a door each, with a solenoidal electromechanical lock with the function of opening the access code dialed by the user with its own access code corresponding to this cell, as well as a control unit for the functional state of this lock performed with the function of periodically sending a control signal to the controller of the solenoid electromechanical lock and receiving a response. The control unit is designed to measure at the moment the cell is opened at equal intervals of time the current flowing through the coil of the lock solenoid and the supply voltage to turn off this lock when the specified value of the current is exceeded, as well as measure the time from the start of the pulse to the lock solenoid until the sensor triggers the open door of the cell, and as a control signal, pulses with a duration of not more than 2 milliseconds and a pulsed current supply of the order of 1-3 milliamps through ka are used the lock solenoid carcass, supplied with the cell door closed, on the solenoid of this lock and determining at this moment the maximum current and minimum voltage to determine if there is a short circuit and / or break in the solenoid winding and the lock is activated to lock the door. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for delivering goods, in particular, to the design of the postamata (an automated terminal for the delivery of goods ordered, for example, in online stores, created as an alternative delivery service) in terms of ensuring guaranteed uninterrupted operation of the lock nodes opened by the code dialed on the dial pad or keyboard (mechanical or touch).

Postamat - a terminal for storing and automatically receiving / issuing consignments of recipients, is a modern integrated engineering solution to meet the needs of the population in the field of postal services.

The postamat contains a metal case, as a rule, of a parallelepiped shape with or without legs, on the front side of which cells are arranged, separated by walls and having each door for access inside the cell. All doors are made without handles or other protruding structures or recesses for manually opening the door. Each door is equipped with at least one lock having a door opening mechanism that opens the door after opening the corresponding lock through a set of access code. Locks are not accessible from the outside of the cabinet, as they are out of direct view of the outside of the cabinet, at least when the doors are closed. Doors form a door area on the front of the chassis. The case also has a service compartment, where the electronic components of the control system for locks and life support of the postamata as a whole are located.

As a rule, electromechanical locks are used in pedestals to lock the doors of cells: they are convenient to operate, have long been developed, which affects their quality, and are issued by the industry in sufficient availability and assortment. Such locks are closed with the help of the muscular strength of a person, and they are opened by retracting the core of the solenoid when an electric current is supplied to the solenoid by the controller signal corresponding to the match of the code dialed by the user with the code data corresponding to this cell. But, despite the simplicity of the design of electromechanical locks, they have a serious drawback.

The device of an electromechanical lock of this type is quite simple. It consists of a mechanical part and an electromagnet coil. In the solenoidal lock, the bolt is connected to the core of the electromagnet by means of a rod. In order to open such a lock, it is enough to apply a small constant voltage to the coil winding. The magnetic field of the solenoid will draw the core inside the coil, it, in turn, will remove the bolt from the groove and the door will open. After the voltage is removed, the spring returns the bolt to its original state.

The weak point of any solenoidal electromechanical lock is the solenoid itself (a conductor in the form of a spiral in which a magnetic field occurs), which is a wire wound around a coil. A solenoid is a source of a powerful magnetic field. As a result of this, a large number of metal microparticles accumulate inside. They settle on the walls of the canals and soon begin to interfere with the normal operation of the castle. In addition, wire breakage / rupture in the coil, wire melting (due to a defect in the structure of the wire material) is possible. In addition, the low voltage or high resistance in the solenoid circuit also affects the operation of the solenoid. As a rule, a solenoid breaks down when voltage is applied to the coil and appears when the user of the cell tries to open it by the access code. This causes a number of problems for both the user and the owner of the postam.

To solve this problem, proactive monitoring of the state of the electromechanical lock is used.

So, from CN2739308, publ. November 9, 2005, there is a known system for monitoring the state of an electrically controlled lock for postamata cells, in which the core and the electromagnetic coil are located in the lock case, and the microcomputer controller and control panel are located next to the lock. When the electrically operated lock is activated, the position value is stored in the microcomputer controller. Information about the current transmitted after pressing the button on the control panel is sent to the microcomputer controller and compared with the stored information, determining whether the electromagnetic coil is live or damaged.

Also from CN104778142, G06F13 / 38, G06F13 / 40, publ. 07/15/2015, the known system for detecting faults for the "smart" locking device. The system includes a computer, with the function of sending a request to the slave locking device for a set time. As soon as a malfunction is found, information about the malfunction is stored in the computer's memory. The system can automatically request status and send data to a remote server for monitoring and timely maintenance.

The software for this fault detection system automatically sends a pulse and polls each slave device (communication methods include: TCP / IP communication, serial port 485, serial port 232). Each slave device receives these pulses (SYN data) and sends a data packet in the form of a response to the host computer or does not respond for 3 s, indicating that the corresponding device is faulty. The host software records the malfunction of the corresponding device for 2 minutes. Failure data is uploaded to the cloud server through the network and router. Attendants can request a record of a faulty device in the server-side database through PC / mobile application software and can easily identify the point of failure.

This decision is made as a prototype.

This known system allows you to identify a faulty locking device only at the moment when it has broken.

These systems and devices designed for pedestals are aimed at detecting broken lock devices in order to identify them and subsequent repair. These systems and devices do not allow monitoring to monitor the technical condition of electromechanical locks in order to prevent them from being replaced when the first signs of malfunction appear (high currents, low voltage, falling EMF growth rate, etc.).

This utility model is aimed at achieving a technical result consisting in increasing the operational reliability of the postamate by conducting a continuous assessment of the probability of failure of the solenoid lock and predicting the time of its planned replacement or maintenance.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that, in a stand with a control and testing system for the operating state of the lock, each containing a separate cell with a door, each having a solenoidal electromechanical lock with opening functions by coincidence of the access code dialed by the user with its own access code, as well as a control unit for the functional state of this lock, made with the function of periodically sending a control signal to the controller of the solenoid electromechanical lock and receive a response, the control unit is configured to measure at the moment of opening the cell, at regular intervals, the values of the current flowing through the coil of the lock solenoid and the supply voltage to disconnect this lock when the specified value of the current is exceeded, as well as measure the time from the beginning supplying a pulse to the coil of the lock solenoid until the sensor triggers the open door of the cell, and as a control signal, pulses with a duration of not more than 2 milliseconds and pulse feeds are used at a current of the order of 1-3 milliamps through the coil of the lock solenoid, supplied with the door of the cell closed to the solenoid of this lock and determining at this moment the maximum current and minimum voltage to determine the presence of a short circuit and / or break of the solenoid winding and the operation of the lock to lock the door.

These features are significant and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

This useful model is illustrated by a specific example of execution, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the desired technical result.

In FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a postamate with cells with electromechanical locks and a block for monitoring the functional state of the lock / locks;

FIG. 2 - algorithm for testing an electromechanical lock.

According to this utility model, a postamat design is considered, equipped with functions to control the functional state of the lock / for cells and determine the position of the door of each cell in the closed state.

In general, a postamate with a system for monitoring and testing the operating status of the lock contains cells isolated from each other with a door each having a solenoidal electromechanical lock with opening functions matching the user-dialed access code with its own access code corresponding to this cell, as well as a functional control unit the status of each lock, performed with the function of periodically sending a control signal to the controller of the solenoid electromechanical lock and receiving a response.

The specified control unit is designed to measure at the moment of opening the cell, at equal intervals, the current flowing through the coil of the lock solenoid, and the supply voltage to turn off this lock when the specified value of the current is exceeded, as well as measure the time from the start of the pulse to the coil of the solenoid lock until the sensor triggers the open door of the cell, and as a control signal using pulses with a duration of not more than 2 milliseconds and a pulsed current supply of the order of 1-3 milliamps p lock through the coil of the solenoid, fed with the door closed cell to the solenoid of the lock and defining at this point the maximum current and the minimum voltage for determining the presence of a short circuit or an open solenoid coil, and triggering the lock in the door lock.

For a postamata of a classical design, industrial-manufactured solenoidal electromechanical locks are used, for example, Doson DSCK7267L model locks of the manufacturer Doson Magnetic & Magnetron Tech Co., LTD. These locks are closed using the muscular strength of a person, and they are opened by pulling the core of the solenoid when an electric current of 12 volts is applied to the solenoid. The lock has two connectors: one supplies 12 V DC power, the second receives a signal from the limit switch about the state of the lock closed / open.

The front panel of the postamat (Fig. 1) or each door of the postamat includes a liquid crystal display 1 with a resolution of 64x128 pixels, under which there is a vandal resistant mechanical keyboard 2 (3x4 keys). A single display and a code dial, for all cells, for generating a code, can be installed in the control panel, which closes the technical section on the front side of the postamata. In addition, there is a perforation above the screen, designed to output sound vibrations from the speaker located inside the front panel. The interface has two main modes of operation - user and engineering. Entrance to the engineering mode is carried out by entering a combination of codes from the keyboard of the device. In addition, there is also a voice assistant pronouncing a cell number, etc.

The postamate at its location is connected to a centralized power supply network 3, for example, a 220 V network, to which a power supply unit 4 of the postamate is connected, whose function is to convert an alternating voltage of 220 V to a constant 12 V, protect against voltage drops and network electromagnetic interference and turn off postamata from the network 3 in the event of a power failure or excessive exceeding of the specified voltage level with the simultaneous connection of an autonomous power supply 5 to 12 V (for example, a rechargeable battery or a UPS) to maintain the functioning of the postamate in temporarily extreme situations. A power control board 6 is connected to a power supply unit 4; a power supply control board 6 is configured to distribute power to 12 V to consumers and maintain voltage across distributed lines at a predetermined level.

The postamata control system has a network architecture and consists of a main control board 7 (GPU) and blocks 8 in the form of a cell lock control card (ПУЗЯ) based on a processor microcontroller. The exchange of information between these boards is carried out through a digital bus standard LIN. Such an organization provides the flexibility to configure the system, makes it easy to scale the capacity of the postamate - increase or decrease the number of cells, and also reduces the number of cable connections. In the example shown in FIG. 1 to each cell corresponds to one board of the ISL. A variant of execution is possible when one board of the PUEL is connected to several cells.

To the GPU 7, a transmit / receive unit 9 is connected in the remote communication mode, for example, via the GSM protocol, of signals sent to the control server of the totality of postamates and received from it as signals of the type of control commands.

Each POZYU is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor for receiving and transmitting 10 packages in it. Each cell is equipped with an electromechanical lock 11, a door sensor 12, for example, a contact type or an optical type, and an illumination unit 13 of the interior of the cell (for example, a lamp). The backlight is mounted on the VOLUME and serves not only to illuminate the cell space for the consumer, but also a light indication for the engineer, working in two modes, and reports whether the VLSI address is set in the current stand or the address is factory “null”. In addition, a light indication can be arranged on the door, indicating that the cell is full or free or is inoperative. All of these components are connected to the IZB board.

At the moment of opening the cell, the microcontroller of the ПУЗЯ board through the built-in ADC at regular intervals measures the value of the current flowing through the winding of the lock solenoid, as well as the value of the supply voltage. In this case, the current value in each measurement cycle is compared with the alarm value. If it is exceeded, the lock is immediately turned off and an error is issued - “short circuit of the lock”.

The algorithm for testing the electromechanical lock of the postamata is presented graphically in figure 2.

From the array of all the obtained values, extrema are selected — the maximum for current and the minimum for voltage. In addition, the time is also measured from the beginning of the pulse in the coil of the lock until the sensor triggers an open door. These values are transferred to the GPU, where they are stored in non-volatile memory. The values of the maximum current, minimum voltage ("drawdown" of power) and the response time of the lock, accumulated in this way, can be used, after the necessary statistical processing, to assess the likelihood of a lock failure and to predict the time of its planned replacement or maintenance.

There is also a cell lock test feature. At the same time, the HELF delivers a short (no more than 2 milliseconds) pulse to the lock solenoid and determines the maximum current and minimum voltage. This impulse is not enough for a full operation of the lock, however, such a testing procedure allows us to determine the fact of a short circuit or a break in the coil of the solenoid of the lock not at the time of its opening (when it is necessary to issue or accept the package to the cell), but in advance when the cell is not used. In addition, the measurement of current and voltage at the moment of pulse supply makes it possible to evaluate the inductance of the lock solenoid, which, in turn, directly depends on the position in the solenoid coil of the iron core of the drive of the locking mechanism of the lock. Thus, it is possible to evaluate how tightly the cell door is closed (how deep the core of the locking mechanism went into the coil of the lock solenoid), which makes it possible to track not only the mechanical malfunction of the cell, but also to prevent attackers from trying to put something in the lock in order to subsequently steal the contents of the cell .

In the course of its work, the PUEL continuously passes a small current (of the order of 1 ... 3 milliamps) through the coil of the lock solenoid. At the same time, the fact of coil breakage is constantly monitored, which leads to an immediate change in the logic state at the digital input of the microcontroller. The fact of the break is reported to the GPU, stored, together with the time stamp of the event, in non-volatile memory and then transmitted to the server in the center.

Functioning in the testing mode of the solenoid of an electromechanical lock allows you to determine the first signs of a malfunction in advance, before the lock ceases to function. It is known that current passing through the coil of a coil heats it. And the higher the current, the more the coil heats up. Another rule is also true. The longer the current flows through the conductor inside the coil, the longer it takes to heat up. With regular overheating, the coil quickly fails. Which leads to inoperability and the castle itself. The main problems leading to the failure of electromechanical locks are: exceeding the duration of the current pulse in time provided by the manufacturer for the value and exceeding the current strength for which the lock is designed. Currently, the process of winding coils is well established, but wires that are also produced by industry are used for winding. When winding the wire, the manufacturer cannot determine exactly at what point the solenoid will break. The fact is that when the current passes through the wires, they heat up. In this case, the destruction of the wire does not occur due to excessive overheating (this is not the main reason for the malfunction of the solenoid), but because the wire was made of a casting in which the uniformity of the material structure and the purity of the alloy were not observed. During melt crystallization, inclusions are displaced by moving the crystallization front. And after cooling, the manufacturer must mechanically cut off part of the casting with inclusions. But even so, part of the inclusions falls into the so-called cleaned part of the casting. In the manufacture of wire, its structure may have sections with inclusions. It is in such areas that the wire overheats in the coil of the solenoid, leading to the melting of this area or shortening. This defect does not appear immediately, but during some time of operation of the solenoid.

In addition, in order to move the core in the solenoid, it is necessary to create an EMF at an appropriate level, and this is possible only with an appropriate supply voltage supplied to the coil. If the voltage is below a predetermined level, then the coil either does not work at all (EMF is not enough to create such a magnetic field that could move the armature), or it works slowly with a delay, which is accompanied by an increase in the heating of the coil wires.

These two parameters (current and voltage levels) and the response time of the lock allow you to control the technical condition of the electromechanical lock. In this case, there is no need to pass currents and the voltage of the solenoid through the solenoid. The picture of its performance can be determined at the level of pulsed feeds of minimum values. All the above features give the following advantages to the product:

- allow proactive repairs and timely maintenance of pedestals;

- reduce the number of equipment failures directly at the time of issue or receipt of the shipment;

- provide an opportunity to optimize the departure of engineers at the installation site of the postamant and reduce the number of such visits;

- reduce the likelihood of unauthorized access to the contents of the cell postamata.

Claims (1)

A stand with a system for monitoring and testing the operating status of the lock, containing cells isolated from each other, with a door each having a solenoidal electromechanical lock with the function of opening the user code that is dialed by the user with its own access code corresponding to this cell, as well as a functional state control unit for this lock, made with the function of periodically sending a control signal to the controller of the solenoidal electromechanical lock and receiving a response, characterized in then the control unit is configured to measure at the moment the cell is opened at equal intervals of time the current flowing through the coil of the lock solenoid and the supply voltage to turn off this lock when the specified value of the current is exceeded, as well as measure the time from the start of power supply to the coil of the solenoid lock until the sensor triggers the open door of the cell, and as a control signal using pulses with a duration of not more than 2 milliseconds and a pulsed current supply of the order of 1-3 milliamps through the coil of the lock solenoid supplied with the cell door closed to the solenoid of this lock and determining at this moment the maximum current and minimum voltage to determine if there is a short circuit and break the solenoid winding and the lock is activated to lock the door.

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