RU196873U1 - HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMP FOR DIESEL ENGINES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to single-plunger high pressure pumps for fuel injection of internal combustion engines with internal mixture formation, in particular diesel engines, and can be used to complete fuel systems of diesel, marine and power engines. A high pressure fuel pump for diesel engines is proposed, comprising a composite housing 1 with a mounting cylindrical surface 4 and a flange 5, a plunger 6, a control valve 7 with an electromagnetic actuator 11, as well as cavities and channels in the housing for supplying, removing and injecting fuel, and the upper part of the housing contains a control valve 7 located perpendicular to the axis of the plunger 6, including an electromagnetic actuator 11, a return spring 15 and a stop 10 of the control valve, low-pressure cavities and channels for supply a, of the outlet and injection of fuel, and in the lower part of the body there is a plunger 6, channels for supplying, injecting and discharging fuel leaks. Moreover, the upper part 2 of the pump includes a plug 17 of the plunger, which contains a bore 22 and channels for removing fuel leaks, the upper part 2 of the composite housing is connected to the sleeve 17 of the plunger and the sleeve 8 of the control valve by means of a press connection, and the lower part 3 of the composite housing presses the sleeve 17 of the plunger to the upper part 2 of the housing, additionally fixing the bushing of the plunger against spontaneous movement, the lower part 3 of the housing contains a tap for fuel leaks, and the high pressure fuel nozzle 20 is located in the upper part part of the housing coaxially with the control valve 7 above its electromagnetic actuator 11, in addition, the high-pressure channel 23 in the upper part of the housing is made at an angle of more than 90 degrees, which reduces hydraulic resistance to the flow of diesel fuel when it is fed to the nozzle. The proposed technical solution provides a reduction in size and material consumption, increase maintainability, as well as increase the efficiency and reliability (time of continuous operation) of a high pressure fuel pump for diesel engines. 1 of FIG.

Description

The utility model relates to single-plunger high pressure pumps for fuel injection of internal combustion engines with internal mixture formation, in particular diesel engines, and can be used to complete fuel systems of diesel, marine and power engines.

Known single-plunger high-pressure fuel pump for internal combustion engines, patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2253031, IPC F02M51 / 04, publ. 05/27/2005, bull. No. 15, which contains a pump casing with mounting cylindrical surfaces and a flange, holes for attaching the pump casing, a plunger driven by a cam cam follower for pumping fuel under high pressure, a control valve located perpendicular to the axis of the plunger and interacting with an electromagnetic actuator, a return spring and the emphasis of the stroke of the control valve, as well as the cavities and channels in the pump casing for the supply, removal and injection of fuel. The upper part of the pump housing with the control valve, mounting holes and cavities for accommodating the stop of the control valve, spring and spring plate is made with a width less than or equal to the diameter of the mounting surface of the pump housing. The distance between the axes of the holes for mounting the pump in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the control valve is made smaller than the diameter of the same mounting surface. Holes for mounting in the upper part of the housing are made over its entire height. To reduce the length of the control valve, the spacer between the pump and electromagnet bodies has one end groove for the sealing ring located on the side of the electromagnet. To seal the joint between the ends of the pump casing and the spacer on the end of the pump casing, a bore is made for the sealing ring, and from the side of the inner diameter the ring is bounded by a valve spring plate. When mounted in a multi-plunger pump housing, the axis of its control valve is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the multi-plunger pump housing (or cam shaft).

The disadvantages of the known device are:

increased dimensions and material consumption of the pump due to the placement of the high pressure fuel nozzle coaxially with the plunger;

increased laboriousness of production and material consumption of the pump due to the manufacture of its casing from a single workpiece;

lack of maintainability due to the impossibility of replacing precision body-plunger and body-control valve pairs when they are worn.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a single-plunger high-pressure fuel pump, patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 227854, IPC F 02 M 59/02, publ. 03/10/2005, bull. No. 7, comprising a housing with a mounting cylindrical surface and a flange, a plunger, a control valve with an electromagnetic actuator, and also cavities and channels in the housing for supplying, removing and injecting fuel. The pump casing is made of two parts, fastened by a threaded connection. In the upper part there is a control valve, low-pressure cavities and channels for the supply, removal and injection of fuel. In the lower part there is a plunger, channels for supplying, pumping and draining fuel drainage. The threaded connection of the housing parts is made with a mechanical seal outside the area of the plunger. On the upper part of the housing on its mounting cylindrical surface, samples are made that form two separated low-pressure cavities, one of which is intended for supply and the other for the removal of fuel from the control valve. On the lower part of the housing, the threaded part is made outside the zone of the hole for the plunger, and on its outer mounting surface, flats are made on a turn-key basis.

The disadvantages of the known device are:

reduced reliability of the threaded connection of the upper and lower parts of the composite housing, as well as reduced reliability of sealing the gap between them by a gasket with a central hole, which reduces the period of overhaul operation of the plunger pump;

lack of maintainability due to the impossibility of replacing a precision pair of body-control valve when it is worn;

increased dimensions and material consumption of the pump due to the coaxial placement of the plunger and the high pressure fuel nozzle.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency and reliability (continuous operation time) of the plunger pump and the electromagnetic control valve, increase maintainability, as well as reduce the weight and dimensions of the fuel injection device.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the utility model is to increase the reliability (estimated by the time of continuous operation) of the high pressure fuel pump.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed high-pressure fuel pump for diesel engines contains a composite housing with a mounting cylindrical surface and a flange, a plunger, a control valve with an electromagnetic actuator, as well as cavities and channels in the housing for supplying, discharging and injecting fuel and removing leaks fuel. In the upper part of the housing there is a control valve located perpendicular to the axis of the plunger, which includes an electromagnetic actuator, a return spring and a stop for the control valve, low-pressure cavities and channels for supplying, removing and injecting fuel. In the lower part of the body there is a plunger, channels for supplying, pumping and draining fuel drainage. It is characterized in that the upper part of the pump includes a plunger sleeve, which contains a bore and channels for removing fuel leaks, the upper part of the composite housing being connected to the plunger sleeve and the control valve sleeve by means of a press connection, and the lower part of the composite housing presses the plunger sleeve against the upper part of the housing , additionally fixing the plunger sleeve against spontaneous movement. The lower part of the body contains a leakage of fuel. The high pressure fuel nozzle is located in the upper part of the housing coaxially with the control valve above its electromagnetic actuator. The high-pressure channel in the upper part of the body is made at an angle of more than 90 degrees, which ensures a decrease in hydraulic resistance to the flow of diesel fuel when it is fed into the nozzle.

In the proposed technical solution, the lower part of the pump includes a plunger sleeve, which contains a bore and channels for collecting and discharging fuel leaks through a precision pair of plunger - plunger sleeve, the lower part of the composite body abuts against the plunger sleeve and prevents its movement in the event of a pressure connection, the lower part of the body contains a tap for fuel leaks, and the high-pressure fuel nozzle is placed in the upper part of the body coaxially with the control valve above its electromagnetic actuator.

Improving the efficiency and reliability (continuous operation time) of the proposed technical solution, as well as reducing the weight and dimensions of the fuel pump, in comparison with the prototype, provides:

increasing the reliability of the connection of the upper part of the composite housing and the plunger sleeve by means of a press connection, and accordingly, increasing the reliability of sealing the gap between them, as well as eliminating spontaneous extrusion by pressing the plunger sleeve to the end surface of the upper part of the composite housing with the lower part of the composite housing. The specified technical solution, in comparison with the prototype, eliminates the possibility of spontaneous depressurization of the composite housing and provides an increase in the period of overhaul operation of the plunger pump;

the presence of a tap in the lower part of the housing for drainage of fuel leaks. This technical solution allows the leakage of fuel through the precision pair of plunger-plunger bush to the fuel system in an organized manner, preventing them from entering the lubrication system, which also ensures an increase in the period of overhaul operation of the engine;

the possibility of manufacturing the plug of the plunger and the valve sleeve of individual parts with subsequent pressing into the upper part of the housing. This technical solution provides manufacturability and maintainability (the ability to replace) precision pairs when they are worn;

placement of the high pressure fuel nozzle in the upper part of the housing coaxially with the control valve above its electromagnetic actuator. At the same time, the overall height dimension of the upper part of the composite housing and the fuel pump as a whole decreases significantly and, accordingly, its material consumption decreases;

the implementation of the high-pressure channel in the upper part of the body at an angle of more than 90 degrees with the possibility of reducing hydraulic resistance to the flow of diesel fuel when it is fed into the nozzle.

Thanks to the claimed technical solution, it is possible to increase the efficiency and reliability (continuous operation time) of the plunger pump and the electromagnetic control valve, increase maintainability, as well as reduce the weight and size of the fuel injection device.

The proposed solution is illustrated by the drawing - FIG.

In FIG. presents a general view of the proposed high-pressure fuel pump for diesel engines, its longitudinal section.

The positions in the drawing indicate the following: 1 - composite body, including the upper part 2 and the lower part 3; 4 - installation cylindrical surface; 5 - an adjusting flange; 6 - a plunger; 7 - control valve, including a valve sleeve 8 and a shutter 9; 10 - emphasis; 11 - electromagnetic drive; 12 - core; 13 - coil; 14 - anchor; 15 - a return spring; 16 - a spacer; 17 - plunger sleeve; 18 - spring plunger; 19 - plate; 20 - fuel nozzle high pressure; 21 - removal of fuel leaks; 22 - bore for collecting leaks, 23 - high pressure channel, 24 - fuel exhaust cavity, 25 - supra-plunger area, 26 - fuel supply cavity, 27 - channel.

A high pressure fuel pump for diesel engines consists of a composite housing 1, including an upper part 2 and a lower 3 part, and its lower part 3 has a mounting cylindrical surface 4 and a mounting flange 5, designed to accommodate the fuel pump on the engine.

In the upper part 2 of the housing 1, a control valve 7 is placed perpendicular to the axis of the plunger 6, including a valve sleeve 8 and a shutter 9. The stop 10 is designed to limit the stroke of the shutter 9. The electromagnetic actuator 11 includes a core 12, a coil 13, an armature 14 connected to the shutter 9. It also includes a return spring 15, located between the valve 9 and the spacer 16. The valve sleeve 8 and the valve 9 are a precision pair and provide, as part of the control valve 7, the connection or disconnection of the high pressure fuel line in the area: Naya region 25 (see FIG.). - high pressure fuel connecting pipe 20. The high pressure channel 23 in the upper housing portion is formed at an angle greater than 90 degrees, providing reduction in the hydraulic resistance to flow of the diesel fuel during its feed to the nozzle.

Reliable and tight connection of the upper 2 and lower 3 parts of the housing of composite 1 is ensured by pressing the plug of the plunger 17 on the upper part 2 (see Fig.), And then pressing the plug of the plunger 17 with the lower part 3 of the housing 1 to the end surface of the upper part 2 of the housing 1. Thus Thus, in comparison with the prototype, spontaneous depressurization of the composite housing is excluded. In the sleeve of the plunger 17 place the plunger 6. In the area of their mutual contact, these parts are a precision pair. The spring of the plunger 18 is placed coaxially with the plunger supported by the extreme turns on the lower part 3 of the housing 1 and on the plate 19, mounted on the lower end of the plunger 6.

The high pressure fuel connector 20 is placed in the upper part 2 of the housing 1 coaxially with the control valve 7 above its electromagnetic actuator 11. The proposed arrangement significantly reduces the height of the upper part 2 of the composite housing 1 and the fuel pump as a whole and, accordingly, reduces its material consumption. A high pressure fuel line to an injector (not shown) is connected to the high pressure fuel nozzle 20.

In the lower part 3 of the housing 1 there is a fuel leak pipe 21. A fuel leak through a precision pair of plunger 6 - the plug of the plunger 17 is collected in a bore to collect leaks 22 and through the channels in the plug of the plunger 17 and the lower part 3 of the housing 1 are discharged through the leak pipe 21 engine system. In FIG. shown is a tap 21 with a female thread for connecting a drain fuel line (not shown). The presence of tap of fuel leaks 21, provides an increase in the period of overhaul operation of the proposed fuel pump due to the exclusion of fuel in the engine lubrication system.

The fuel is supplied and removed from the installation flange 5. The fuel is supplied to the fuel supply cavity 26 through channels (not shown) in the lower 3 and upper 2 parts of the housing 1. The fuel is washed by the end of the core 12, the armature 14, and the control valve 7, which ensures their constant cooling. The fuel through channel 27 enters the cavity of the fuel outlet 24 and then through the channels (not shown) in the lower 3 and upper 2 parts of the housing 1 is discharged into the fuel line of the engine (not shown).

The high pressure fuel pump for diesel engines operates as follows. Fresh low-pressure fuel from the fuel system (not shown) through the channels in the housing 1, as well as part of the remaining fuel from the fuel line to the nozzle (not shown), is received when the shutter 9 of the control valve 7 is open in the supra-plunger region 25 (see Fig.), Which has the largest volume at the lowest position of the plunger 6. When the plunger 6 is exposed to a pusher (not shown) and the plunger 6 is moved upward, part of the fuel from the supra-plunger region 25 enters the low pressure cavity through the open shutter 9 of the control valve 7.

Closing the control valve 7 is carried out by applying to the electromagnetic actuator 11 a control electric pulse signal with parameters that determine the feed advance angle and the required dose of fuel. Under the influence of a control electric signal in the winding of the coil 13 of the electromagnetic actuator 11, an electromagnetic field arises that magnetizes the core 12 and attracts the armature 14 with the valve 9, ensuring that the valve 9 fits in the valve sleeve 8. The plunger region 25 is disconnected from the fuel supply line. As the plunger moves further upward, fuel injection into the high pressure fuel line (not shown) begins. Under the influence of the fuel pressure, the nozzle of the nozzle atomizer (not shown) rises and the fuel supply to the diesel engine (not shown) begins.

At the end of the supply of the control electric pulse signal to the electromagnetic actuator 11, its effect on the shutter 9, which opens with a return spring 15, stops. The plunger region 25 communicates with the fuel exhaust line, the fuel pressure drops sharply. The fuel supply to the engine stops.

Thus, the proposed high-pressure fuel pump for diesel engines meets the stated purpose and ensures a decrease in the dimensions and material consumption of the pump, as well as an increase in its reliability (continuous operation time) and engine reliability by reducing fuel leaks into the engine lubrication system.

Claims (1)

A high pressure fuel pump for diesel engines, comprising a composite housing with a mounting cylindrical surface and a flange, a plunger, a control valve with an electromagnetic actuator, as well as cavities and channels in the housing for supplying, discharging and injecting fuel and removing fuel leaks, and in the upper part of the housing a control valve is located perpendicular to the axis of the plunger, including an electromagnetic actuator, a return spring and a stop of the control valve, low-pressure cavities and channels for supply , fuel outlet and injection, and in the lower part of the housing there is a plunger, channels for supplying, injecting and discharging fuel leaks, characterized in that the upper part of the pump includes a plug of the plunger, which contains a bore and channels for removing fuel leaks, and the upper part of the composite housing connected to the plunger bushing and the control valve bushing by means of a press connection, and the lower part of the composite housing presses the plunger bushing to the upper part of the housing, additionally fixing the plunger bushing against spontaneous After moving, the lower part of the body contains a fuel leak outlet, and the high pressure fuel nozzle is located in the upper part of the body coaxially with the control valve above its electromagnetic actuator; in addition, the high pressure channel in the upper part of the body is made at an angle of more than 90 degrees, which reduces hydraulic resistance to the flow of diesel fuel when it is fed into the nozzle.

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