RU19479U1 - EVAPORATOR - Google Patents

Description

MKl. howl 1/00 DEVICE FOR EVAPORATION

The utility model relates to the technique of raising and thickening solutions, namely to evaporators and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, petroleum, pharmaceutical, food and other industries.

Currently, a large number of types of evaporation devices are known (ed. St. No. 1227236.1986, class VOYU 1/00; ed. St. USSR No. 712098, 1980, class VOYU 1/00; ed. St. USSR No. 1797933 , 1993, CL.WOW 1/00). The choice of a specific type of installation is determined by the characteristics of the evaporated mixture and technical and economic indicators.

Tubular apparatuses are currently the most widely used, containing a housing with fittings for supplying coolant, inside of which tubes with an expandable solution are placed (ed. St. USSR No. 712098.1980, class VOYU 1/00; ed. St. USSR No. 1797933, 1993, class VOYU 1/00; auth. St. USSR No. 1490111.1989, class VOYU 1/00).

In addition, the device can be equipped with auxiliary systems for improving thermodynamics, in particular for introducing air bubbles into the evaporated solution, in particular by electrolysis.

The disadvantages of these devices are high energy consumption, frequent cases of overheating of the tube walls, relatively low productivity, restrictions on the composition of the evaporated liquid.

The closest in technical suction to the claimed solution is an evaporator used for evaporation of aqueous solutions of urea (ed. St. USSR No. 1490111, 1989, class VOYU 1/00).

The apparatus contains a tubular heating chamber, a separating device with a distributor of vapor-liquid flows of the mixture to be boiled, and a shared food supply unit connected to the chamber tubes through a nipple so that the tubes are interconnected vessels.

The disadvantages of the device are also large energy costs, frequent cases of overheating of the walls of the tubes, relatively low productivity.

overheating and reduce scale formation on the mesh exchange surfaces.

This problem was solved by creating a device, a separator is included in the composition of the separating device to create a negative pressure in the system compared to the inlet at the outlet. As an apparatus for creating negative pressure in the system, you can use, for example, the mind pump pump. At the same time, it is optimal for the apparatus to provide at least two different tubes of the complete device with different negative pressure in the system.

The best results are achieved using an apparatus that creates negative pressure in an alternating pulsating mode by creating an alternating vacuum at the outlet of the tubular apparatus.

The general scheme of the inventive evaporation device is shown in FIG. 1.

The device consists of a vertical tubular heating chamber 1 with popupsami 2 and 3 for supplying and discharging the coolant, located above it a device for creating negative pressure in the system (VA) 4 at the outlet, connected through a distributor 5 to individual tubes or tubes of tubes 6 and 7 The chamber is equipped with a fitting 8 connected to a solution supply unit (BPR) 9, which ensures the interaction of liquids between the tubes according to the principle of communicating vessels. As a device for creating negative pressure in the system, a unit for creating a reduced pressure VA 4 can be used connected to a separation device 10, which ensures the separation of the resulting vapor-liquid mixture into separate streams of one stripped off solution and superheated secondary steam. The device may further comprise capacitors, condensate collectors, an evaporated solution collector, and a locking-regulating apparatus.

The principle of operation of the claimed device is as follows. Through the nozzle 3 in the annular space of the chamber 1 serves a coolant, for example, hot water. The initial solution to be evaporated enters through the BPR 9 into the tubes of the evaporator 1 through the nozzle 8 and, rising from the bottom up, heats up. The heat carrier, having given its heat to the solution, is removed from the apparatus through the nozzle 2.

Under the action of the shifting negative pressure created by VA 4 and supplied to the tubes 6 and 7 connected in the form of interconnected vessels, a liquid pulsation arises, the optimal mode of which is selected for a particular shared mixture. Ripple leads to a high speed of movement of the evaporated liquid and the formation of a film after the leaving liquid, which allows to achieve high heat transfer coefficients and, consequently, to reduce the required heat transfer surface for evaporation of a unit volume of liquid. At the same time, the presence of negative pressure also intensifies the processes of steam separation and vapor removal from the evaporation device, shifting the existing

dynamic equilibrium of the system in a given direction. The resulting steam and evaporated liquid enter the separating device 10 and are separated into separate streams.

Changing the direction of fluid movement in a pulsed (pulsed) mode of concentration with respect to the movement of the coolant allows you to get additional benefits that can improve the quality of the evaporated product. In particular, prevention of its local overheating and reduction of scale formation on heat exchange surfaces. Which is especially important when evaporating viscous solutions.

The developed pulsed vacuum-evaporation device makes it possible to concentrate thermolabile expanding products at low temperatures and to prevent their decomposition. The created installation provides a capacity for evaporated moisture of 150 kg / h at a carrier temperature of 90 ° C and its flow rate of 8.0 cubic meters. m / h, the temperature of the charge solution is 45 ° С.

Claims (4)

1. A device for evaporation, consisting of an evaporator with a vertical tubular heating chamber, equipped with fittings for entering and leaving the coolant in the annular space of the chamber body; a unit for supplying an evaporated solution providing a connection between the liquid in the tubes according to the principle of communicating vessels and a separation device, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a device for creating negative pressure in the system associated with the outlet of the evaporator and the separation device.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that as a device for creating negative pressure in the system, a device is used to create a reduced pressure.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for creating negative pressure in the system is designed in such a way that it provides at least two different tubes of the evaporation device with different negative pressure. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for creating negative pressure in the system is designed in such a way that it creates negative pressure in the tubes in an alternating pulsating mode.