RU193614U1 - HEAD OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CYLINDER BLOCK WITH LIQUID COOLING - Google Patents

Abstract

A cylinder head of a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine containing spark plug wells, intake and exhaust channels, a combustion chamber, an upper plate and a bottom connected by side walls, support holes for installing camshafts are made in pairs above the upper plate, uniformly around the perimeter of the gas joint of each cylinder there are mounting holes with a total of 10 pieces for bolts for fastening the head to the cylinder block, the internal cavity for the coolant is formed by the connection of the holes, p located in the bottom along the perimeter of the cavity of each combustion chamber, a rectangular hole in the front on the side wall from the side of the windows of the exhaust channels and a hole in the front part on the side wall from the side of the windows of the intake channels, fastening holes are made in the bottom for fastening to the chain cover. Design solutions provide the optimality of the working process in the engine, the resource, reliability and maintainability of the cylinder head.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of engine building, namely, to the construction of liquid-cooled cylinder heads.

Known cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, comprising a top plate and a bottom connected by side walls, a cavity for coolant on the top plate and the bottom; four wells under the bolts for fastening the head to the cylinder block are evenly spaced around the entire perimeter of the gas joint of each cylinder block; holes for installing two inlet and holes for installing two exhaust valves on each cylinder, with the location of the axis of the holes of the intake valves and the axis of the holes of the exhaust valves relative to the longitudinal axis of the head at an angle of 56 ° and 64 °. (see patent for utility model RU 112949, publication date 01/27/2012, IPC F02F 1/36 (2006/01).

For reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device adopted as a prototype, the disadvantage in this design is the insufficient reliability of the structure due to uneven cooling of the head in individual cylinders, and the more heat-stressed state of the exhaust valves closer to the side wall from the side of the exhaust manifold, washed by an additional stream of hot exhaust gases from the neighboring exhaust valves of each cylinder ndra except that the total number of holes for the head bolts to the cylinder block is 16 units, which significantly increases the number of fasteners.

The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed utility model in terms of features is the cylinder head, which refers to the design of the heads of the cylinder block with liquid cooling. The head contains candle wells, the distance between the axes of which in the longitudinal direction is 106 mm; internal cavity for coolant passage; the upper plate and the bottom with holes for valves connected to the inlet and outlet channels, the ratio of the diameters and lengths of the inlet channels is 1: 2.8, while the cross-sectional area of the inlet channels is in the range of 800 - 930 mm ² , and the ratio of height and width outlet openings is 1: 1.9; along the perimeter of the gas joint of each cylinder there are evenly 10 mounting holes for bolts for fastening the head to the cylinder block, support holes for installing camshafts are made in pairs above the top plate; form the assembly support "bearing pad - cover - mounting bolts", in the version 10 and 6 pieces are performed; the diameter of the support holes is 35 mm, and the diameter of the two front holes is 42 mm; the ratio of the diameter of the support holes to the center-to-center distance between the candle wells is 1: 3; the axes of the holes of the intake valves and exhaust valves are located relative to the transverse axis of the head of the block at angles of 17 ° and 18 °; the holes in the combustion chamber for the inlet valves have a diameter of 36 mm, for the outlet - 30.5 mm; distance between axles for camshafts 120 mm; in front of the head of the block on the side wall there is a flange with an opening for the exit of the coolant. (see patent for utility model RU No. 134246, publication date of November 10, 2013, IPC F02F 1/24, F02F 1/36 (2006/01).

For reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device adopted as a prototype, the disadvantage in this design is the insufficient reliability of the structure due to uneven cooling of the head from the side of the exhaust valves, in addition to the total number of holes for bolts securing the head to the cylinder block is 10 pieces, which is not sufficient from the cantilever protruding portion of the cylinder head.

The essence of the utility model is to ensure optimal heat transfer between the heated walls of the cylinder head and the circulating coolant, reduce thermal stress in the area of the combustion chambers, increase heat transfer from the surfaces, in addition to eliminate warping of the cantilever part and reduce the load on the gasket in the area of the extreme combustion chamber cylinder heads.

The technical result is a uniform distribution of pressure on the gas joint and cantilever part, ensuring tightness at all engine operating modes, uniform heating of the cylinder head, ease of manufacture, reliability and maintainability in operation.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the utility model is achieved by the fact that in the cylinder head of a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine containing spark plug wells, intake and exhaust channels, a combustion chamber, an upper plate and a bottom connected by side walls, support holes are made in pairs above the upper plate for the installation of camshafts, along the perimeter of the gas joint of each cylinder, mounting holes with a total of 10 pieces are evenly located for bolts securing the head to the c block lines, the feature is that in order to ensure optimal heat transfer between the heated walls of the cylinder head and the circulating coolant, to reduce thermal stress in the area of the combustion chambers, to increase heat transfer from the surfaces, the internal cavity for the coolant is formed by the connection of holes located in the bottom along the perimeter the cavity of each combustion chamber, a rectangular hole in the front on the side wall from the side of the windows of the exhaust channels and a hole in the front on the side wall side windows inlet channels, in addition to the uniform pressure distribution on the cylinder head gasket on the perimeter of loop and gas joints arm portion formed in the bottom of the mounting holes to mount the chain cover.

The following illustrations are provided to illustrate this utility model:

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the cylinder head from the exhaust manifold;

In FIG. 2 shows a general view of the cylinder head from the intake pipe side;

In FIG. 3 shows a view of the cylinder head from the side of the combustion chambers;

In FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view AA of FIG. 3.

The cylinder head of a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine consists of an upper plate 5 and a bottom 6 defined by side walls 7 and 8, while a combustion chamber 4 is provided on the outer surface of the bottom 6, the combustion chamber 4 being connected to inlet 2 and exhaust 3 channels, made in the inner cavity 11 of the cylinder head, while the windows of the intake channels 2 are located on the side walls 8, and the windows of the exhaust channels 3 on the side walls 7. The head contains an internal cavity 11 for passage of coolant, about developed by connecting the holes 12 located in the bottom 6 along the perimeter of the cavity of each combustion chamber 4, a rectangular hole 13 in the front part on the side wall 7 from the side of the windows of the exhaust channels 3 and a hole 14 in the front part on the side wall 8 from the side of the windows of the intake channels 2. In the cylinder head there are made candle wells 1 for installing spark plugs, mounting holes 10, in particular for bolts, for fastening the head to the cylinder block and mounting holes 15 for fastening to the chain cover. The intake and exhaust camshafts are installed longitudinally to the cylinder head in the support holes 9. Coolant is supplied through the openings 12 in the bottom 6, which is then discharged through the rectangular openings 13 in the side wall 7 and the opening 14 in the front part on the side wall 8 from the side windows inlet channels 2 cylinder heads.

The operation of the cylinder head is as follows. The cylinder head provides the formation and sealing of the working volume of the four cylinders of a gasoline 16 valve internal combustion engine. Through the mounting holes 10, the cylinder head is attached to a block (not shown), for example, by means of bolts. Through the mounting holes 15, the cylinder head is attached to the chain cover (not shown). Through the inlet channels 2, the charge of the air-fuel mixture enters the cylinders, and the exhaust gases are discharged through the exhaust channels 3. The ignition of the working mixture is carried out by spark plugs installed in the spark plug wells 1. Under the influence of high temperatures during combustion of the working mixture and exhaust gases, the bottom of the combustion chamber 6 and the walls of the exhaust channels 3 are heated. To cool the heated walls of the cylinder head into the inner cavity 11 through the holes 12 in the bottom, coolant is supplied, which is then discharged through the rectangular hole 13 in the side wall 7 and the hole 14 in the front part on the side wall 8 from the side of the windows of the inlet channels 2 of the block head cylinders.

The advantage of the claimed utility model is that, in comparison with the devices adopted for the analogue, the liquid-cooled cylinder head design provides a sufficiently rigid frame for uniform pressure distribution on the cylinder head gasket along the perimeters of gas joints and the console part circuit, due to the use of optimally positioned mounting holes for bolts to the cylinder block and bolts to the chain cover.

The internal cavity for the coolant formed by connecting the holes located in the bottom along the perimeter of the cavity of each combustion chamber, a rectangular hole in the front part on the side wall from the side of the windows of the exhaust channels and a hole in the front part on the side wall from the side of the windows of the intake channels allowed for optimal heat transfer between the heated walls of the cylinder head and the circulating coolant, reduce thermal stresses in the area of the combustion chambers, increase the heat transfer from surface.

Claims (1)

The cylinder head of a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine containing spark plug wells, intake and exhaust channels, a combustion chamber, an upper plate and a bottom connected by side walls, support holes for installing camshafts are made in pairs above the upper plate, uniformly around the perimeter of the gas joint of each cylinder there are mounting holes with a total of 10 pieces for bolts of fastening the head to the cylinder block, an internal cavity for coolant, characterized in that the internal the coolant cavity is formed by connecting the holes located in the bottom along the perimeter of the cavity of each combustion chamber, a rectangular hole in the front on the side wall from the side of the windows of the exhaust channels and a hole in the front on the side wall from the side of the windows of the intake channels, in addition mounting holes for attaching to the chain cover.

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