RU190511U1 - ELECTRIC FIELD DENSITY SENSOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of measurement technology and can be used to measure the orthogonal components of the electric field intensity vector. The technical result is the creation of a simple sensor design with optimal mass and dimensional characteristics, providing minimal error when measuring inhomogeneous electric fields. An electric field strength sensor is proposed that contains three pairs of conductive sensitive elements arranged in pairs on the external bases of three mutually perpendicular dielectric substrates made in the form of a square plate. The sensing elements of each pair are parallel and spaced equally spaced symmetrically relative to the center of the sensor. The centers of each pair of sensing elements are located on one of the three coordinate axes with the origin of coordinates in the center of the sensor. The distances between the sensitive elements of each pair are reduced to a distance equal to the thickness of the dielectric substrate, on the bases of which sensitive elements are symmetrically located relative to the center of the substrate, each of which is made of four electrically connected and lying in the same plane square electrodes with sides parallel to each other and the sides of the square substrate. The proposed sensor has a compact design that provides its minimum mass and dimensional characteristics, which allows the sensor to be used when measuring in non-uniform electric fields. 4 il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of measurement technology and can be used to measure the orthogonal components of the electric field intensity vector.

Known sensor electric field [Gatman S. Dual electric field meter with protection // Instruments for scientific research. - 1968. -№1. - P.45-49], containing an aluminum frame in the form of a cube, on two opposite faces of which are installed centrally flush with the edges of the cube and isolated from the cube frame conductive sensitive square electrodes. The potential difference of two mutually opposite electrode electrodes is proportional to the intensity of the measured field.

Since the electric field strength sensor has one pair of electrodes located on the same coordinate axis passing through their centers, it measures only one component of the electric field intensity vector. To measure the other two components, an alternate orientation of the coordinate axis of the sensor along the corresponding components of the electric field strength vector is required, which complicates the measurement process. Another disadvantage of the sensor is its large size, determined by the size of the cube edge, constituting 61 cm [Gatman S. Dual electric field meter with protection // Instruments for scientific research. - 1968. -№1. - p.45-49]. With such dimensions, the error of the sensor in non-uniform electric fields will be significant. Thus, it turns out a complex, massive and overall sensor design, unsuitable for measurement in non-uniform electric fields.

The closest device to the claimed is the sensor of the electric field [Pat. 3.641.427 United States, IPC G01R5 / 28; G01V3 / 08; H04B13 / 02. Electric field sensor / Ed P, Pittman; Roy A. Stanford. - № 862,642; Stated 24.09.69; Publ. 08.02.72], containing three pairs of diametrically opposed conductive electrodes, forming opposite sides of the cube and installed on six sides of the dielectric box-shaped frame. Thus, each pair of conducting electrodes separated by an air dielectric forms parallel opposite surfaces. When placing such a sensor in an electric field, the potential difference between each pair of electrodes is proportional to the electric field in the direction of the coordinate axes passing through the centers of the electrodes. Thus, the vector components of any electric field present are simultaneously measured in three orthogonal directions.

Since the electric field strength sensor has three pairs of sensing electrodes, it allows you to measure three orthogonal components of the electric field strength and does not require orientation in space of the measured field. However, the disadvantage of the sensor is its large weight and size characteristics (like its counterpart), determined by the size of the cube edge, which is 100 cm [US Pat. 3.641.427 United States, IPC G01R5 / 28; G01V3 / 08; H04B13 / 02. Electric field sensor / Ed P, Pittman; Roy A. Stanford. - № 862,642; Stated 24.09.69; Publ. 08.02.72]. With such dimensions, the error of the sensor in non-uniform electric fields will be significant. Thus, it turns out a complex, massive and overall sensor design, unsuitable for measurement in non-uniform electric fields.

The task of the utility model is to create a simple sensor design with optimal mass and dimensional characteristics that provide minimal errors in measuring inhomogeneous electric fields.

This task is achieved by the fact that in a well-known sensor for measuring the electric field strength, there are three pairs of conductive sensitive elements arranged in pairs on the outer bases of three mutually perpendicular dielectric substrates made in the form of a square plate, and the sensitive elements of each pair are parallel and spaced apart in space equal distances are symmetrical about the center of the sensor, and the centers of each pair of sensitive elements are located on one of the three coordinates x axes, with the origin of coordinates in the center of the sensor, according to the stated technical solution, the distance between the sensing elements of each pair is reduced to a distance equal to the thickness of the dielectric substrate, on the bases of which are sensitive elements, four of which are electrically connected and symmetrically relative to the center of the substrate. identical square electrodes lying in one plane with sides parallel to each other and sides of a square substrate.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by drawings, where

1 shows a voltage sensor located in an electric field;

in fig. 2 shows one of the coordinate planes of the sensor, for example, the x0y plane and its top and bottom views;

in fig. 3 shows the sensor laid out on the coordinate planes located on the respective coordinate axes;

in fig. 4 shows a sensor with an indication of the effects of the components of the electric field strength vector E _x , E _y and E _z .

The electric field strength sensor contains three conductive substrates 1, 2 and 3 made in the form of a rectangular square plate, sensitive elements 4 (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4) and 5 (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) - (in Fig. shown) located on the first and second bases of the substrate 1, sensitive elements 6 (6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4) and 7 (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4) - (not shown) located on the first and second bases of the substrate 2 , sensitive elements 8 (8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4) and 9 (9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4) located on the first and second bases of the substrate 3. Each sensitive element from the technological and constructive considerations made in the form of four square electrodes are electrically connected. So the sensitive element 4 consists of electrodes 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4; sensing element 5 consists of electrodes 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4; the sensitive element consists of electrodes 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4; sensitive element 7 consists of electrodes 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4; sensitive element 8 consists of electrodes 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4; sensitive element 9 consists of electrodes 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4.

The electric field strength sensor operates as follows.

When a sensor is introduced into the electric field, on each pair of conductive sensitive elements 4-5, 6-7 and 8-9, electric charges of the same magnitude and opposite in sign, proportional to the components of the electric field strength E _x , E _y and E _{z, are} induced. Measuring the charge difference between the pairs of sensitive elements 4-5, 6-7, 8-9, located along the corresponding x, y and z axes is determined by the components E _x , E _y and E _z of the electric field vector E, and according to them its modulus

.

.

To reduce the mass and dimensional characteristics, the sensor instead of the cube-forming six dielectric substrates with sensitive elements located on them is made in the form of three square-shaped mutually perpendicular dielectric substrates, on the bases of which conductive sensitive elements are applied. Reducing the number of faces from six to three reduces the mass of the sensor. The overall dimensions of the sensor will be determined by the frequency range of its application. With increasing frequency of the measured electric field, the overall dimensions of the sensor will decrease.

Thus, the proposed sensor has a compact design, ensuring its minimum mass and dimensional characteristics, which allows the sensor to be used when measuring in non-uniform electric fields.

Claims (1)

An electric field strength sensor containing three pairs of conductive sensitive elements arranged in pairs on the outer bases of three mutually perpendicular dielectric substrates made in the form of a square plate, the sensitive elements of each pair being parallel and spaced equally spaced symmetrically relative to the center of the sensor, and the centers of each the pairs of sensitive elements are located on one of the three coordinate axes with the origin of coordinates in the center of the sensor, characterized in that The distances between the sensitive elements of each pair are reduced to a distance equal to the thickness of the dielectric substrate, on the bases of which are sensitive elements symmetrically relative to the center of the substrate, each of which is made of four electrically connected and lying in one plane square-shaped electrodes with sides parallel to each other and to the sides square substrate.

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