RU189977U1 - Device for measuring exhaled air volume - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to the measurement of the volume of air exhaled by a person. The device consists of a cork base of a regular geometric shape (circle or square), to the edges of which a plastic bag is attached, and a tee tube is inserted in the center, at one end of which an exhaust valve is attached, and at the other end an inlet valve that allows air in only a bag connected to a corrugated polyethylene tube and a mouthpiece, a cork base with a bag is inserted into a hollow measuring container of transparent material, the internal cross-sectional area of which corresponds to the external cross-section area r timid grounds A measuring ruler is attached to the outer side of the measuring tank, and the uniform distribution of air in the measuring tank is achieved by using a piston. The piston edge is taken as the zero point of the measuring ruler with the bag fully compressed (with exhausted air). The volume of exhaled air (V) is defined as the product of the distance from the zero point to the edge of the piston at the time of uniform air distribution in the measuring capacitance (P) and the internal cross-sectional area of the measuring capacitance (S): V = РS. The device is simple in design and convenient in operation, allows to obtain reliable quantitative data when measuring the volume of air exhaled by a person. 5 il.

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to the means of instrumental methods of medical research, and can be used to measure the volume of air exhaled by a person.

A classic device for measuring the volume of exhaled air is a water spirometer [1; with. 130-132], consisting of two cylinders (Fig. 1). The outer cylinder, larger in diameter, is filled with water up to the mark on the glass window, located in the upper part of the cylinder. The inner cylinder plunges upside down into a bell. Through the bottom of the outer cylinder along its axis vertically passes a metal tube, the opening of which ends above the water level under the bottom of the inner bell. FIG. Figure 1 shows the Scheme of a water spirometer, where: 1 is the outer cylinder; 2 - glass window in the outer cylinder, through which the spirometer scale is visible; 3 - inner cylinder (spirometer bell); 4 - air tank for balancing the inner cylinder in water; 5 - water. Outside, a rubber tube with a mouthpiece is put on this metal tube through which the subject breathes. The inner cylinder is balanced in water attached to it from below with a balloon containing air; thanks to this, the light pressure of exhaled air on the bottom of the bell causes it to rise. The height of the bell raising is proportional to the volume of exhaled air. This volume is determined by the scale, which is mounted on the bell and is visible in the glass window. The scale is graded in milliliters of air. There is a hole in the lid of the inner bell, which must be plugged during the determination. It is opened only when they want to empty the spirometer or fill it with air. Do not press on the lid of the spirometer with the cork closed, as this will result in water pouring out of the spirometer.

The disadvantage of the water spirometer is the complexity of its configuration and maintenance.

The eight most simple devices for collecting exhaled air are using an airtight bag or “Douglas bag”. FIG. 2 shows a device for collecting exhaled air [2], comprising: 6 - corrugated tubes; 7 - mouthpiece; 8 - three-way crane; 9 - Douglas bag.

A disadvantage of this device, taken as a prototype, is that in order to determine the volume of air collected in the bag, it is necessary to distill it through a spirometer, which is rather inconvenient in operation.

The task is to create a simple, easy-to-use device for collecting and measuring the volume of exhaled air.

To solve this problem, the proposed device for measuring the volume of exhaled air, including a bag for exhaled air and corrugated tubes with a mouthpiece, contains a base plug of a regular geometric shape, to the edges of which a plastic bag for exhaled air is attached, and a tee tube is inserted in the center the end of which is attached to the outlet valve, and on the other - the inlet valve connected to the corrugated polyethylene tube and mouthpiece, the stopper base with the bag is inserted into the hollow measuring A solid container of transparent material, the area of which the internal section corresponds to the area of the external section of the base plug, while the measuring container has a piston for uniform air distribution, and a measuring line is attached to the outer side of the measuring container, and the edge of the piston is taken as the zero point of the measuring line compressed bag.

The device by its design is easy to use, allows you to fairly accurately estimate the amount of exhaled air.

A device for measuring the volume of exhaled air (Fig. 3) consists of a plug-base (10) of a regular geometric shape (for which an area, such as a circle or square, is easily calculated), to the edges of which a plastic bag is attached (11), and a tube is inserted in the center - a tee (12) on one end of which is attached an exhaust valve (13), and on the other - an inlet valve (14), which allows air only in the direction of the bag, connected to a corrugated polyethylene tube and mouthpiece (15). These elements of the device work like a Douglas bag. The cork base with a bag is inserted into a hollow measuring capacitance (16) made of a transparent material, the internal cross-sectional area of which slightly exceeds the external cross-sectional area of the base cork. A measuring ruler (17) is attached to the outer side of the measuring tank, and a piston (18) is placed inside to achieve uniform air distribution in the measuring tank (see Fig. 4). The calculation of the volume (V) of air in the bag is made according to the formula: V = S⋅Р, where S is the area of the base tube, P is the distance measured on the measuring scale from the zero point to the piston.

дюйма; выпускной кран - сантехнический шаровый кран; впускной клапан мембранного типа, когда мембрана отклоняется и пропускает воздух только в одном направлении; гофрированная трубка и загубник из пластмассы для изготовления медицинских изделий; измерительная линейка на гибкой ленте, наклеивающейся на измерительную емкость.The units of the device can be made in the following design: plug-in base for a plastic bag, measuring container and plexiglass piston; the bag is welded from polyethylene; the bag is fixed to the cork base with scotch tape; tube tee diameter

inches; exhaust valve - sanitary ball valve; diaphragm inlet valve when the diaphragm deflects and allows air in only one direction; corrugated tube and mouthpiece made of plastic for the manufacture of medical products; measuring ruler on a flexible tape glued to the measuring capacitance.

The proposed device for measuring the volume of exhaled air is used as follows. FIG. 5 a, b, c, d - presents photos of work with the device.

FIG. 5a. Open the outlet valve of the device and release air through the piston. The edge of a fully compressed bag that coincides with the edge of the piston is taken as the zero point of the measuring line.

FIG. 5 B. Close the exhaust valve and remove the piston.

FIG. 5c. Do exhale into the device through the mouthpiece.

FIG. 5g. Piston compressed bag with recruited air until it is evenly distributed in the measuring tank.

Measure the distance from the zero point to the piston. Knowing the cross-sectional area of the measuring capacitance, calculate the volume (V) of exhaled air: V = Р⋅S, where S is the area of the base plug, P is the distance measured on the measuring scale from the zero point to the piston.

Example. Measurement of the vital capacity of the lungs (VC) or the volume of air that can be exhaled after the most deep breath.

P = 26 cm, S = 158 cm ² , V = 26⋅158 = 4108 ml = 4.108 l

Those. ЖЕЛ ≈ 4,1 l

Thus, the proposed device, simply by its design, is convenient to use, allows to obtain reliable quantitative data measuring the volume of air exhaled by a person, which can be used to study the respiratory functions of the body.

Literature

1. Guide to practical classes in the course of normal physiology: Textbook. manual / Ed. E.A. Asratyan, A.V. Gubar - M .: "State Publishing House of Medical Literature", 1963. - 304 s; with. 130-132. with. 134-135.

2. Guide to practical classes in normal physiology: Textbook. manual / Ed. CM. Budylin, V.M. Smirnov. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2005. - 336; with. 110-111.

Claims (1)

Device for measuring the volume of exhaled air, including a bag for exhaled air and corrugated tubes with a mouthpiece, characterized in that the device contains a stopper base of a regular geometric shape, to the edges of which a plastic bag for exhaled air is attached, and a tee tube is inserted in the center One end of which is attached to the outlet valve, and to the other end an inlet valve connected to a corrugated polyethylene tube and mouthpiece, a cork with a bag is inserted into a hollow measuring capacitively A transparent material whose internal cross-sectional area corresponds to the external cross-sectional area of the base plug, while the measuring capacitance has a piston for uniform air distribution, and a measuring ruler is attached on the outer side of the measuring capacitance, and the piston edge is taken as the zero point of the measuring ruler bag.

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