RU189111U1 - HAMMER FORGING UNIT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FORGES FROM HARDLY DEFORMED METALS AND ALLOYS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of metal forming and can be used in the manufacture of blanks and products from hard metals alloys, mainly based on titanium, obtained by forging with hammers. A hammer forging unit containing an upper flat head and a lower head consisting of a holder and a removable insert of the working surface, according to the utility model, along the working surface of the holder, guides the mounting slots in the form of cylindrical holes with a tsekovka with the possibility of installing vertical limiters of a fungoid cylindrical shape in them, at the same time, the vertical restraints are made with the possibility of transforming the forging size between the dies by installing additional typesetting controls aligning rings on the rod portion of the limiter. The working surface of the removable insert of the lower striker is made with a cut-out stream or flat. On the edge between the support and the outer side surfaces of the insert, a chamfer of 30-60 mm is made at an angle of 40-50 °, and the internal angle between the base and the inner side surfaces of the shroud is made with a connecting radius of 0.5-1.0 of the size of the chamfer. Through grooves are made on the working surface of the cage, connecting the side surface of the cage and the side surface of the counterbolt of the guide seats. Technical results achieved in the implementation of the utility model are improving the accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the forgings and, as a result, reducing the allowance of forgings for machining, reducing the number of sets of tools by increasing its versatility, reducing the labor intensity of forging operations and increasing productivity by reducing shift times tool.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of metal forming and can be used in the manufacture of blanks and products from hard metals alloys, mainly based on titanium, obtained by forging with hammers.

Production of forgings from titanium alloys is small-scale and, as a rule, for forging on hammers, a universal set of tools from two flat dies is used, which allows forging blanks for rods, forging shaped blanks, slumping blanks for washers of various sizes, etc. However, forging titanium alloys with a universal hammer tool is accompanied by certain difficulties. Increased resistance to deformation during hot processing of titanium alloys leads to low accuracy and high size differences in the cross section of forgings, especially long bars, as well as to significant surface defects, which significantly increases the machining allowance and, accordingly, reduces the yield of suitable metal, increasing costs production Partially, these problems are eliminated by the use of die cutters with a guaranteed limitation of the height forging size, but their use is possible only for one size of products. This entails the need to manufacture and operate a large number of forging tools, which in conditions of small-scale production leads to unnecessarily high downtime of equipment due to frequent tool changes. On average, the time spent on changing a set of forging dies is about 40 minutes.

Based on the foregoing, there is a need for a universal forging tool, which allows to increase production efficiency.

A known tool for forging, containing the lower cut-out and top flat strikers, while the upper striker has bevels made at an angle to the striker axis equal to the angle formed by the working surfaces of the lower striker with its axis (AS USSR No. 278386, IPC B23k, 5/08/1970)

The disadvantage of this tool is the low dimensional accuracy of the manufactured forgings with increasing their diameter, because the height of the limiter is limited by the bevel size of the upper striker, which leads to an increase in the machining allowance.

Known forging tool in the form of a flat striker, on one of the sides of which is formed a vertical stop (AS USSR №495134, IPC B21J 13/02, publ. 12/15/1975) - a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of universality due to the impossibility of changing the size of the limiter, which requires a separate lower striker to set a predetermined height of the forging.

The task to be solved by the utility model is to improve the quality of forgings from hard-to-deform alloys while reducing the cost of their production.

Technical results achieved in the implementation of the utility model are improving the accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the forgings and, as a result, reducing the allowance of forgings for machining, reducing the number of sets of tools by increasing its versatility, reducing the labor intensity of forging operations and increasing productivity by reducing shift times tool.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the hammer forging block for the manufacture of forgings from hard metals and alloys containing an upper flat head and a lower head, consisting of a cage and a replaceable working surface insert, according to the utility model, along the working surface of the cage, guiding nests are made the form of cylindrical holes with a counterbore with the possibility of installing vertical limiters of a fungoid cylindrical shape in them, while vertical limiters are made with the ability to transform the forging size between the strikers by installing additional composing adjusting rings on the core of the limiter. The working surface of the removable insert of the lower striker is made with a cut-out stream or flat. On the edge between the support and the outer side surfaces of the insert, a chamfer of 30-60 mm is made at an angle of 40-50 °, and the internal angle between the base and the inner side surfaces of the shroud is made with a connecting radius of 0.5-1.0 of the size of the chamfer. Through grooves are made on the working surface of the cage, connecting the side surface of the cage and the side surface of the counterbolt of the guide seats.

The utility model is represented by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the forging unit along section A-A, (a), the planned projection of the forging unit (the upper face is not shown) (b). The forging block contains an upper flat head 1 and a lower head, consisting of a holder 2 and a replaceable insert 3 (in Fig. 1 a replaceable insert with a cutting stream is shown). Vertical restraints 6 are installed in the guides of the mounting slots 4, made in the form of a hole with a counterbore 5 in the working surface of the yoke, on the core part 7 of which the composing adjusting rings 8 are placed to change the forging size between the dies. On the edge between the support and the outer side surfaces of the insert, a chamfer 9 is made. The inner angle 10 between the base and the inner side surfaces of the sleeve is made with a predetermined pairing radius. Through grooves 11 are made on the working surface of the cage.

The utility model works as follows.

Before starting the unit is mounted on the hammer. Fastening the upper striker to the baba hammer and the holder of the lower striker to the hammer pad is carried out using a well-known “dovetail” design using a key and a wedge. Depending on the type of product required, a replaceable insert is installed in the holder. To avoid displacement during forging, the insert is fixed in the transverse direction by the inner walls of the cage, and in the longitudinal direction - by the protrusions in the insert and the corresponding grooves on the inner walls of the cage. For the manufacture of long bars of circular cross section, it is advisable to install a removable insert with a cut-out brook. The fabrication of shaped blanks or forgings of rectangular cross section is applied using a replaceable insert with a flat working surface. For fixing the forging size between the upper and lower dies, the block is equipped with vertical cylindrical mushroom-shaped stoppers consisting of the head and core parts. The limiters are installed in the guides of the mounting slots, made in the form of a hole with a counter pipe around the perimeter of the working surface of the yoke. The shape and dimensions of the guide seats fit due to the provision of stability in them limiters and the exception tilt limiters, leading to a change in forging size. To improve the accuracy of the forging size across the width of the forgings, it is advisable to carry out forging with at least two stops placed in opposite corners of the working surface of the cage diagonally. Changing the forging size between the upper and lower dies is carried out by removing the limiter from the guide seat, mounting the assembled rings of different heights onto the stem part of the limiter to obtain the calculated forging size, installing the limiter with the rings in the mounting slot.

For the convenience of removing the limiters from the guides of the landing slots, through grooves are made on the working surface of the yoke connecting the side surface of the yoke and the side surface of the backshell of the landing nests.

In order to reduce the stress concentration leading to brittle fracture of the tool, a chamfer of 30-60 mm is made on an edge between the supporting and outer side surfaces of the insert at an angle of 40-50 °, and the inner angle between the base and inner side surfaces of the casing is made with 0.5-1.0 of the size of the chamfer. In addition, in this case, a through air channel is created, which allows increasing the degree of cooling of the interchangeable insert heating from contact with the hot billet in the deformation process.

Thus, the proposed utility model allows to improve the accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the forgings produced, to increase the productivity of forging equipment by reducing the time for tool change.

Claims (5)

1. Molotovy forging unit for the manufacture of forgings of hard metals and alloys, containing the upper flat head and the lower head, consisting of a cage and interchangeable insert, made with a working surface, characterized in that along the perimeter of the working surface of the cage there are made guide seats in the form of cylindrical bore holes with a counterblock in which vertical limiters of a mushroom cylindrical shape are installed, while the vertical limiters are made with the possibility of transforming a forging section measure between the strikers by composing additional shims mounted on the shaft portion limiter. 2. The unit under item 1, characterized in that the working surface of the interchangeable insert of the lower striker is made with a cut-out stream. 3. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surface of the interchangeable insert of the lower striker is made flat. 4. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that on the edge between the support and the outer side surfaces of the interchangeable insert, a chamfer is made at an angle of 40-50 °, the size of which is 30-60 mm, and the internal angle between the base and inner side surfaces of the yoke with a mating radius of 0.5-1.0 of the chamfer size. 5. Block under item 1, characterized in that the working surface of the cage is made through grooves connecting the side surface of the cage and the side surface of the counterbolt of the guides of the seating slots.

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