RU186396U1 - DIVING RESPIRATORY APPARATUS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to personal respiratory protective equipment in diving equipment operating according to an open breathing pattern for underwater, emergency rescue and other types of diving operations. The diving breathing apparatus consists of a suspension system, two cylinders with locking devices, a manifold with two reducing devices with the required number of low and high pressure ports, two pulmonary automatic devices, two devices showing cylinder pressure, and a switch connecting each cylinder to one reducing device or both cylinders to any reducing device used. A useful model has solved the problem of creating a diving breathing apparatus: with the ability to connect a backup reducing device with a backup pulmonary machine and at the same time use the entire reserve of the breathing mixture; with convenient placement of handwheels for controlling locking devices; with the ability to quickly replace the apparatus cylinders; with the maximum possible protection against mechanical influences on the main components of the device (cylinders, locking and reducing devices).

Description

The utility model relates to personal respiratory protective equipment in diving equipment operating according to an open breathing pattern for performing underwater, emergency rescue and other types of diving operations.

The known design of a diving breathing apparatus with compressed air AVM-5 (OM Slesarev. Diving equipment of the Navy. MILITARY PUBLISHING HOUSE. Moscow. 1990.). The apparatus contains two cylinders for compressed gas (air) with a shut-off and reducing device, a pulmonary machine with a hose, and a suspension system fixed to the cylinders of the apparatus. The device is located behind the diver’s back with a locking and reducing device up.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are: the inability to connect other consumers or devices to the gearbox of the device (for example, a second pulmonary automaton, devices for blowing in overalls and / or a buoyancy compensator, remote pressure gauge, etc.); it is difficult or impossible to use the handwheel of the locking device - when using the device for its intended purpose (when placing the device behind the user's back); rapid replacement of the apparatus cylinders is impossible; the main components (locking and reducing device, cylinders) are not protected from mechanical influences arising during operation, especially when performing work in cramped conditions; the absence of an external pressure gauge that allows for constant or periodic monitoring of the pressure in the cylinders of the apparatus.

A known design of a diving breathing apparatus according to the patent for utility model No. 71889. The diving breathing apparatus contains: two cylinders with a locking device, a reducer, a lung machine with a hose, a suspension system, a plastic case and a cover, as well as an external pressure gauge that allows constant monitoring of the pressure in the cylinders of the apparatus. In order to expand the functionality of the device, the gearbox has at least four low-pressure ports and two high-pressure ports, which allows you to connect additional devices (a second pulmonary automatic device, hydro-overalls blowing device, buoyancy compensator, etc.) if necessary. Additionally, the device can be equipped with a minimum air supply alarm in cylinders. The device is located behind the diver’s back with a locking and reducing device up.

The disadvantage of this design is: the inability to connect a backup gear; inconvenient location of the handwheel of the locking device, which makes using it difficult or impossible when using the device for its intended purpose (when placing the device behind the diver's back); one locking and one reducing device is less reliable, in case of failure of one of the devices, the entire device becomes unsuitable for use in an emergency. Impossible to quickly replace the cylinders of the apparatus. The main components (locking and reducing device) are located outside the plastic case and are not protected from mechanical stresses arising during operation.

A known design of a hose breathing apparatus according to the patent for utility model No. 86107. This apparatus contains: an impact-resistant plastic case with a suspension system, in which there is a balloon unit with two small-capacity cylinders, with a valve and a telescopic handwheel; Switchgear; reducing device and breathing hose with a check valve. The device is located behind the diver’s back with a locking and reducing device down.

The disadvantage of this design is the small supply of air because of this, the possibility of using only as a backup device. Inability to connect a backup reducing device. Inability to quickly replace apparatus cylinders.

The proposed utility model solves the problem of creating a diving breathing apparatus: with the ability to connect an additional backup reducing device with a pulmonary automatic device and at the same time the ability to use the entire reserve of the respiratory mixture with both the main and the backup reducing device; with convenient placement of handwheels for controlling locking devices; with the ability to quickly replace the apparatus cylinders; with protection against mechanical stresses on the main components of the device (cylinders, locking and reducing devices).

The technical problem is solved in the design of a diving breathing apparatus, consisting of: a collector and a switch; cases and covers; two cylinders with locking devices and two reducing devices.

The technical result - the ability to connect an additional backup reducing device with a pulmonary automatic device and using the entire air supply with both the main and additional backup reducing device - is achieved by the fact that the apparatus uses a collector with sockets for connecting the main and additional backup reducing devices with lung automatic devices and the necessary the number of high and medium pressure ports and a switch for connecting cylinders with a reserve of respiratory mixture to the used reducing device.

The technical result - convenient placement of handwheels for controlling locking devices and the ability to quickly replace cylinders - is achieved by the fact that the switch is equipped with two fittings for connecting the locking devices of the cylinders, allowing, if necessary, to quickly replace the cylinder with the corresponding locking device. The switch is fixed in the lower part of the body and the cylinders with locking devices are connected in such a way that the handwheels of the locking devices are located at the bottom of the device and directed outward, which allows them to be controlled when the device is placed behind the diver's back.

The technical result - protection against mechanical stress on the main components of the apparatus - is achieved by the fact that all the main components are fixed inside the shockproof housing and are closed with a similar cover.

For ease of operation, the collector may have additional sockets for connecting hoses with devices showing pressure (pressure gauge, indicator, etc.) to control the pressure in the apparatus cylinders. At the same time, there is no need to use a hose with devices showing the pressure installed on the gearbox, which allows more rational distribution of hoses for other devices (a lung machine, a standby lung machine, a hose for blowing the buoyancy compensator, etc.) installed on the gearbox.

To improve the operational characteristics of the diving breathing apparatus, it is possible to charge the cylinders with high pressure gas without removing them from the apparatus. For this, the collector is equipped with a socket for attaching a charger.

To improve the operational characteristics of the diving breathing apparatus, it is possible to use cylinders with various breathing mixtures (for example: air and an oxygen-nitrogen mixture; air and pure oxygen; etc.). At the same time, each reducing device is the main working one for a particular diving stage, but if any reducing device fails, the second reducing device becomes the main one and at the same time breathing mixtures from both cylinders remain available for the diver.

The switch can be made in the form of: a housing with the required number of cavities connected in a common cavity, in which there is a rod sealed with radial elastic elements, which moves reciprocally along its axis and connects the corresponding cavities. The stem can be moved both by direct impact on it, and through control elements such as a handle, handwheel, etc. For ease of use, the stem itself or the control elements can be fixed in neutral and extreme positions.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a diving breathing apparatus with the switch handle in neutral.

In FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the same apparatus (the position of the switch handle is rightmost).

Diving breathing apparatus (Fig. 1, 2) consists of: a housing and a cover made of shockproof plastic; cylinders 1 and 2 with locking devices 3 and 4, handwheels A and B, connected to switch 5 with handle B, connecting fittings G and D; a collector 6 with sockets E, G and K for attaching reducing devices 7 and 8 and a plug 9 connected to the switch 5 using high pressure pipelines 10 and 11; pulmonary machines 12 and 13 and devices showing pressure (gauges) 14 and 15.

The work of a diving breathing apparatus is as follows:

in the initial state: charged cylinders 1 and 2 are connected to fittings G and D of switch 5 (Fig. 1), shut-off devices 3 and 4 are closed, reducing devices 7 and 8 are connected to sockets E and G of collector 6, and socket K of collector 6 is installed plug 9, handle B of switch 5 is in the neutral position;

the user, depending on his own decision (which reducing device to use) opens the corresponding locking device, when the handwheel A of the locking device 3 is opened, the respiratory mixture is supplied from the cylinder 1 through the pipeline 10 and the reducing device 7 to the lung machine 12 and then to the user's breath. When the respiratory mixture is used up from balloon 1, the user has the opportunity to connect balloon 2 to the reducing device 7. To do this, he moves the handle B of switch 5 to the extreme right position and opens the locking device 4 of balloon 2 using the handwheel B (Fig. 1).

In this case, the breathing mixture from the cylinder 2 through the locking device 4 and the pipe 10 enters the reducing device 7 and the lung machine 12. In the event of an emergency with the reducing device 7, the user has the opportunity to disconnect the faulty reducing device 7 and switch to work from the backup reducing device 8 , for this, he transfers the handle B of switch 5 to the neutral position or to the extreme left position, while the breathing mixture will be supplied in the neutral position - to from the cylinder 2, and in the extreme left position - against any cylinder;

if necessary, it is possible to charge the cylinders of the apparatus directly installed in the apparatus, for this purpose, instead of the plug 9, the connector of the charger is connected to the socket K of the collector 6, the handle B of the switch 5 is set to the extreme left position and the corresponding locking device is opened alternately or simultaneously.

Claims (8)

1. Diving breathing apparatus, consisting of a suspension system, two cylinders with locking devices, a reducing device with the required number of low and high pressure ports, a lung machine and a device showing the pressure in the cylinders, characterized in that there is a manifold for connecting an additional reducing device and a switch connecting each cylinder to one reducing device or both cylinders to any reducing device used. 2. Diving breathing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that all the main components of the apparatus are housed in a housing with a cover protecting them from mechanical stress. 3. Diving breathing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector and the switch are made in a single housing. 4. Diving breathing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector has an additional connecting socket, which is used when charging the cylinders of the apparatus. 5. Diving breathing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the manifold has additional sockets for attaching hoses to devices showing pressure (pressure gauge, indicator, etc.). 6. Diving breathing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the switch is made in the form of a housing with a rod sealed with elastic elements, which moves reciprocating along its axis and is fixed in neutral and extreme positions. 7. Diving breathing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the switch has a control element of the rod, which is made in the form of a handwheel that performs translational-rotational movement and is fixed in neutral and extreme positions. 8. Diving breathing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the switch has a control element of the rod, which is made in the form of a handle that rotates about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the rod and fixed in neutral and extreme positions.

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