RU1837330C - Device implementing logical functions - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an optoelectronic analog computing technique and can be used in systems for the optical processing of information using incoherent optics.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of functionality by realizing logical functions with two states of stable equilibrium in a real time scale.

Fig. 1 is a functional diagram of a device for reproducing logical functions; Fig. 2 is a diagram of an optically adjustable transparency according to claim 2; in Fig.Z - one of. possible embodiments of a device for reproducing logical functions; figure 4 is a diagram of an optical controlled transparency according to paragraph 3

for

The invention.

A device for reproducing fire functions (Fig. 1) comprises a first optoelectronic information channel

1, including the first 2 radiation source, input transparency 3, projection lens 4, first B optical filter, optically controlled transparency 6, second 7 radiation source, second 8 optical filter, polarizer 9, analyzer 10, translucent mirror 11, photodetector 12. lens 13, shutter 14, as well as the second 15 optoelectronic information channel, including the first 16 radiation source, input transparency 17, projection lens 18, the first 10 color filter, optically controlled transparency 20, the second 21 radiation source, the second 22 optical filter, floor an analyzer 23, an analyzer 24, a translucent mirror 25, a photodetector 26, a lens 27, a shutter 28. The output of the photodetector of the first optoelectronic channel is connected to the input of the first amplifier 29, the output of which is connected to the input of the first 30 controlled, power source, the output of which is connected to electrical input, optically controlled transparency of the second

(L

with

00

with

VI

with

about

optoelectronic information channel, the output of the photodetector of the second optoelectronic information channel is connected to the input of the second 31 amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the second

32 of a controlled power source, the output of which is connected to the electrical input of an optically controlled transparency of a second optoelectronic information channel. In Fig. 1, the following designations are also adopted, Ф8х1, Фвх2 - recording radiation fluxes, Фс1, Фс2 - reading radiation fluxes. ФВых1, Фвых2 - streams carrying output images, T-functional designation of a logical optical element with two states of stable equilibrium, A1-A2 - input, a, outputs.

The optically controlled transparency 6/20 / consists (Fig. 2) of the first in series on the optical axis

33 of a glass substrate, a first 34 transparent electrode, a photosensitive 35, a blocking 36, a mirror-reflecting 37 of the first 38 orientation and electro-optical 39 layers, as well as a second 40 orientation layer, a second 41 transparent electrode and a second 42 glass substrate. The thickness of the electro-optical layer is determined by the spacer 43.

In an embodiment of the device (Fig. 3), an optically controlled transparency is used (Fig. 4), which operates in the light (without a mirror reflecting and blocking layer).

The device operates as follows.

The device is in such a stable state when the optically controlled banner 6 is open and the optically controlled banner 30 is closed, i.e., the electro-optical layer 39 of the optically controlled banner 6 has a minimum optical density and the electro-optical layer 38 of an optically controlled banner 20 has a maximum , In this case, the reading radiation flux FS1 generated by the source 7 and passing through the filter 8 will seamlessly pass through the electro-optical layer 39 of the optically controlled transparency 6, will be reflected from the mirror reflecting layer 37 and, having passed the electro-optical layer 39 in the opposite direction will go to the photodetector 12, the signal from the output of which goes to the input of the first 29 amplifier.

From the output of amplifier 29, the signal is fed to the inverting input of the first 30 controlled power supply. As a result, from the output of power supply 30 to the input of optical

5

0

5

In a controlled manner 20, a certain minimum supply voltage Un2 is supplied. This leads to the fact that the electric layer 39 of the optically controlled transparency 20 is kept closed, that is, the optical density of the electro-optical layer 39 is high and the read radiation flux FS2 generated by the source 21 and the transmitted filter 2 is completely absorbed in the electro-optical layer 39, which means at the input of the photodetector 26 there is no light flux. Therefore, there are no signals at the output of the photodetector 26 and amplifier 31, which means that a certain maximum supply voltage U n1 is supplied to the input of the optically controlled transparency 6. ensuring that the optically controlled transparency is kept open, i.e., the electro-optical layer 39 of the optically controlled transparency 6 has a minimum optical density. The first 1 and second 15 optoelectronic channels form a logic element with two stable states, having two information inputs A1 and A2 and two outputs Q and Q. When an optically controlled transparency 20 of the input image is received on the photosensitive layer 35

0 of transparency 17 (flux Foh2), a certain relief of the illumination distribution adequate to the image being formed is reflected. This will cause local light in the layer 35

5 changes in electrical properties (a change in electrical conductivity due to the generation of an additional amount of carriers (charges), and, consequently, leads to an increase in the voltage applied to the electro-optical layer 39 in the corresponding sections and a change in its optical density. As a result, these sections of the layer 39 become transparent to read flux FS2

5 formed by the source 21. Reflecting from the mirror-reflecting layer 37 of the optically controlled transparency 20, the readout radiation stream enters the translucent mirror 25. where it is divided into two streams, one of which is the output of the second 15 optoelectronic information channel, and the second enters the photodetector 26 The flux Fvyh2 / 0 / enters the lens 27.8 of the focal plane of which, in the rays of the reading radiation, an image of the input transparency 17 is formed. a certain signal arrives, which then goes to the inverting input of the second

0

5

h:

As a result, from the output of the power supply 32 to the input of the optically controlled transparency, a certain minimum NEP of the controlled power supply is supplied. In the flux, which are translucent, are considered the end of the PS1 radiation. Reflected from the mirror image of layer 37 of the optically controlled transparency 6, the stream is counted

ed

The electro-optical layer 39 of the optically controlled transparency 6. The closed state is transferred in which its maximum optical density takes place. Such a switchover of the electrooptical layer 39 occurs as a result of the viscoelastic properties of the electropytic material (in our case., A matic liquid crystal) being reduced when Un1 is reduced to a value less than the Unoplj threshold determining the second-kind Fredericks transition liquid crystal, Restoring the original (typical for the new state) orientation of the axes of the mo-: liquid crystal molecules (layer 39) leads to the fact that the read radiation flux 1 generated by the source 7 and the transmitted light filter 8 is absorbed in the electro-optical com layer 39, and f

T

t

means at the entrance

there is no light source at this detector 12. At the output of the photodetector 12 and amplified 29, the signal is 0, which means that some voltage Un2 is supplied from an equal power source 30, which is larger than the threshold

2.

2S

power supply Un1. This causes the 5th radiation to be transmitted to the translucent mirror 11 and split into two. One of the streams is the output of the first 1 electronic information channel. and the second goes to the photodetector

1012. The flux Fvy1 (Q) enters the 13.8 focal lens of the plane of which, in the case of readout radiation, an image of the input transparency is formed. About / June from the output of Photodetector 12

15 mA the input of amplifier 29 receives a signal, which is then fed to the inverting input of the controlled power supply 30. From the output of the power supply 30 to the input of the optically controlled transparency 20, a certain minimum supply voltage un2 is applied, the value of which is less than the threshold Unop2. This will lead to the fact that in the electric layer 39 of the optically controlled transparency 20, the initial orientation of the axes of the molecules (director) of the liquid crystal will be restored, i.e., the optically controlled transparency 20 will switch to the closed state, and therefore the output Q

30, the corresponding image of the input banner 17 will be captured. Thus, the optical logic element will be transferred to the second stable state. In the future, when the next optical signal is fed to input A2 (image of the banner 17), the process of switching the element, which ends with the closing of the optically controlled banner 6, will again flood like an avalanche

40 by opening a previously closed optically controlled transparency 20.

In another embodiment of optically controlled transparencies 6, 20 (Figs. 3, 4), which operate in the absence of light 15, the mirror is reflective and blocking layers. However, in this case, it is necessary to strictly match the spectral range of the recording flux of the PVF radiation with the spectral sensitivity range of the photosensitive layer 35 and its isolation with the spectral range of the read radiation flux FS. The process of switching the device shown on. figure 2, similar to the previously considered

55 (Fig.).

Figure 5 shows the timing diagram of the operation of the device to reproduce the logical functions, where Фвх1, Фвх2, respectively, the input optical signal p

After the termination of the input to one optically controlled transparency 2 (1 stream FWC2 (for example, when the shutter 28 is triggered), at the output of the second 15 optoelectronic information channel, the image of the input transparency 17 is kept for a long time in the rays of the readout radiation (stream FVy 2 ) due to a slight increase in the supply voltage Un2. Consequently, due to the positive feedback (elements 2 (-31-32-6-7-12-29-30) in the circuit,

-p generative avalanche-like process of switching an optoelectronic device.

Upon receipt of an optically controlled transparency 6 of the input image onto the photo-fading layer 35

. of banner 3 (tray ФВх1), a relief distribution pattern adequate to the image being formed is formed in layer 35. This will cause local changes in the electrical properties in the photosensitive layer 35, which in turn will lead to an increase in the voltage applied to the electro-optical layer

in the corresponding areas, and a change in its optical density. Due to this, these sections of layer 39 become

ly devices. Fout 1 and Fout 2 are output signals in the read radiation stream.

It should be noted that the passage of the read stream through the converter is described by the expression:

It sln22.)

where T () is a nonlinear function that relates the delay to the intensity I of the light flux Ф,

 9 is the angle between the plane of polarization of the incident light and the projection of the optical axis of the director of the liquid crystal onto the input plane.

The above expression is true when using the twist effect, S.- effect. in a liquid crystal (layer 39) and when the polarizers 9, 23 and analyzers 10, 24 are crossed in the readout radiation channels, the initial orientation of the axes of the liquid crystal molecules is determined by orienting coatings 38, 40 and the mutual orientation of the glass substrates 33, 42 uMa, which are For monolithic spraying, transparent electrodes 34, 41 of the composition lUaOs, Sn02 are applied, having a transmission in the wide spectral range of at least 93-95% at a specific resistance of 30-50 Ohm / fr. The orienting layers are a 100-120 ° A thick layer of silicon monoxide sprayed at an angle of 85 ° to the substrate normal, as well as a monomolecular layer of a surfactant (polyvinyl alcohol). As an electro-optical material, as was given by way of example, mixtures of nematic liquid crystals (mixtures of azoxy compounds) can be used. When working with an LC, the thickness of the photosensitive layer 35 is 0.3-0.5 microns, with an EC layer thickness of 1-5 microns. defined by polyvinyl molybutyl gaskets 43. As a photosensitive layer 35, AflB photosemi-pro-diode compounds (CsS, Cd Se, etc.) obtained by cathodic atomization are used.

The proposed technical solution has a simple design, and when working with two-dimensional images, it is possible to realize a logical optical element with two stable equilibrium states, intended for use in photogrammetric complexes for processing and analysis of aerial photographs of significant sizes (up to 30x60 mm).

The device is easy to manufacture due to the use of standard thin-film technology, has a high sensibility-7 5

body (not worse than 10 J / cm) and a service life of up to 10,000 hours.

Claims (3)

1. A device for reproducing logical functions, comprising a first optoelectronic information channel, including an optically coupled first radiation source, the input of which is one of the inputs of the converter, the input 0 transparency, first light filter, projection lens and optically controlled transparency, the electrical input of which is connected to the output of the controlled voltage source, as well as optically 5 are connected to a second radiation source, a second light filter, an optically controlled transparency, one of the outputs of the converter and a photodetector, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality by realizing logical functions with two stable equilibrium states in real time, two amplifiers and the Second optoelectronic information channel are introduced into it, which is identical to the first optoelectronic information channel, the photodetector output of which is connected through the first amplifier entry to controlled voltage source of the optoelectronic vtoro0 information channel, the output of which is connected to a photodetector input controlled voltage source of the first optoelectronic information channel. 5 . 2. The device according to claim 1, with the exception that the optically controlled transparency is made of a first glass substrate with successively deposited first transparent conductive, photo sensitive and first orienting layers, and a second glass substrate with sequentially deposited a transparent second conductive and orienting layers between the glass 5 substrates with the corresponding layers deposited on them have electro-optical material introduced, the spectral sensitivity range of the photosensitive layer being equal to the spectral transmission range of the first filter, and the spectral transmission range of the second filter is outside the sensitivity of the photosensitive layer. 5 3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the optically controlled transparency on the first glass substrate, blocking and mirror-reflecting layers are applied between the photosensitive and orienting layers. . (ShhhSh.Zh / #N and 5J 3 $ №j 2Щ ЮП / ". LJ V. 7l7 T- No. 15gg / g v iV ft G / J & T0 ". / g i 2 / / OCCZ.C81