RU1836698C - Optical data retrieval system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to computing. Its use in the development of applied information retrieval systems allows expanding the scope by providing a structured multi-level interactive search. The optical information retrieval system implements four modes of operation: recording holograms for describing thematic fields, recording holograms for page samples (microfilms), searching for page samples by requests, playing back found pages. By structuring the data on the basis of the semantic content of the documents in the array and in combination with the possibility of generating queries in real time in the system, an on-line interactive search for information on its content in large arrays of primary documents is provided. 4 ill.

Description

with

with

The invention relates to computing, in particular to optical information retrieval systems, and can be used in the development of applied systems using reflection of electromagnetic waves.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the scope by providing a structured multi-level interactive search.

In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of an optical information retrieval system; figure 2-4 time diagrams of the operating modes of the system.

The optical information retrieval system shown in FIG. 1 contains a coherent radiation source 1, a beam expander 2, a first polarizer 3, a first deflector 4, a first telescopic optical unit 5, the first

translucent mirror b, second polarizer 7, first lens 8, microfilm change unit 9, three-dimensional topographic storage device (GTN) 10 with hologram registration control unit 11, second telescopic optical unit 12, second translucent mirror 13, photodetector 14, current meter 15, a synchronization unit 16, a unit for generating a deflection voltage of the object and reference beams 17.18 and polarization 19, a second lens 20, a reflecting element 21, a third polarizer 22, a third lens 23, a second deflector 24, a deflecting element 25, and a fourth lin memory 26, screen 27, start address setting unit 28, first-fifth read-only memory blocks 29-33, first-fifth read-only memory blocks 34-38, first-third registers 39-41, first-third comparators 42 -44, analog-to-digital conversion

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a target (ADC) 45, a direct polarization switching unit 46, a visual information display unit 47, a third telescope-optical unit 48, a frequency-frequency modulator 49.

The coherent radiation source 1 is made in the form of a laser.

The beam expander 2 can be made in the form of a telescopic-optical system (telescope). .

Polarizers 3, 7 and 22 can be made of electro-optical and liquid crystal elements, when the corresponding polarization voltages are applied to them, the plane of polarization of light can rotate 90 °.

The first 4 and second 24 deflectors can be of acousto-optical or electro-optical types and must provide synchronous addressing of light beams to any position of GTN 10 with a switching time of 1 ISS.

Translucent mirrors 1 and 13 - each serves to split the light beam into two equally powerful beams.

The reflection member 21 is designed to deflect the beam.

Lenses 20 and 22 are identical and give a total increase of 1.

Lenses 8 and 26 provide focusing of parallel light beams in the plane of hologram recording on the GTN 10. The GTN 10 can be made on the basis of an electro-optical medium that allows optical on-line recording, reading and erasing of the hologram — for example, such a lithium niobite crystal can alloyed with iron.

The hologram registration control unit 11 is designed to fix the generated holograms in the corresponding positions of the CTU 10.

Telescopic-optical blocks 5.12,

48 are intended to form a plane wave of predetermined dimensions,

The diffraction grating 25 serves as a passive deflection device.

The microfilm changer 9 is a well-known electromechanical device for moving microfilm tapes with a sensor detecting the end of the tape.

Spatial Frequency Modulator

49 can be made according to one of the known schemes of optical controlled banners.

Visual informer

Mission 47 can be made in the form of a device for printing texts in the alphabet and

fonts similar to those recorded on the hologram of texts.

The photodetector 14 serves to convert the optical signal into an electrical one and can be implemented, for example, in the form of a single photodiode or several photodiodes connected in series or in parallel.

The current meter 15 is implemented as a conventional current or voltage meter with low inertia and high sensitivity.

Screen 27 is designed to project a restored hologram onto it

5 for the purpose of visual viewing.

The units for generating the deflection voltage of the beams 17 and 18, as well as the polarization 19, can be made according to the well-known schemes of digital-to-analog converters.

The starting address setting unit 28 sets, according to external signals, the operating modes of the system, the initial state of the blocks associated with it, the input of query texts into the system5 and can be performed in the form of a computer.

The synchronization unit 16 is a clock series generator operating in three modes.

Constant and random access memory blocks 29-38, registers 39-41, comparators 42-44, analog-to-digital converter 45 are made in the form of elements of electronic computer technology.

The polarization voltage switching unit 5 may be implemented as a read-only memory unit defining the corresponding polarization voltages. .

At the same time, in the RAM block 38

0, a long-term memory may be inserted to store hologram position addresses of relevant documents.

Optical information retrieval system operates as follows.

5 There are four modes of the system: recording holograms of descriptions of thematic fields, recording holograms of page images (microfilms), searching for page images by requests, playback

0 pages found. Controlling the operation of the system, namely, switching the operating modes, setting the initial operating conditions of blocks 17, 18, 19, 47, 36, 38, 6. entering the text of the request into the system is carried out from the outside

5 by inputting signals to the initial setting unit 28.

8, the mode of recording holograms of descriptions of thematic fields, the initial state of the units for generating the deflection stresses of the subject and reference rays 17, 18

corresponds to the address of GTN 10 position set from block 28, from which it is supposed to sequentially start recording holograms of descriptions of thematic fields, polarization voltage generation block 19 so that the object and reference wave passes to GTN 10, visual information display unit 47 so that the spatial frequency modulator 49 would not introduce modulation distortion, i.e., would be transparent to the reference beam. In this case, the microfilm tape in the microfilm change unit 9 is set according to the first recording frame, and the spatial frequency modulator 49 can be excluded from the circuit. In this mode, the beam (light wave) created by the coherent radiation source 1, expanded by the beam expander 2, passes through the polarizer 3, is deflected by the deflector 4, and amplified by the telescopic-optical unit 5 is split into two parts using a translucent mirror 6. A part of the light wave as a reference using the first lens 20, the reflecting element 21, the passage through the third polarizer 22, the third lens 23, is deflected by the deflector 24. The deflecting element 25 is directed, focusing with the fourth lens 26, to the desired point GTN position 10. The other part of the light beam passing through the translucent mirror 6 passes unhindered through the second polarizer 7, is focused by the first lens 8, and modulated by the installed microfilm frame 9, falls into the corresponding position of the GTN 10, which coincides with the position reference beam.

Holograms of thematic field descriptions are recorded in the following sequence (see Fig. 2). According to the signal from the synchronization unit 16, from the first block of the read-only memory 29, the address list of the GTN 10 is read into the first block of the main memory 34, starting from the address specified when initiating the start addresses. According to the signal from block 16 to the first block of random access memory 34, the first of the read addresses goes simultaneously to the input of the voltage generation blocks of the deviation of the reference and subject rays 18, 17, thereby initiating the deviation of these rays by the deflectors 24 and 4. According to the signal from the block 16, the operation of the control unit for registering holograms 11 is initiated, as a result of which the installed image of the microfilm frame is fixed at the corresponding position of the CTU 10. Next, the operation of the system in the considered mode

is carried out in a cyclic order: by the signal from block 16, the microfilm change unit 9 sets the next frame, from the first block of random access memory 34, the next list address is simultaneously fed to the input of the beam deflection voltage generating units 18, 17, then development of recording by block 11. Cyclic recording is terminated by the signal coming from microfilm change unit 9 to block 28, which records the completion of recording of frames of the filled tape.

In page hologram recording mode

5 (microfilm) documents (hereinafter referred to as pages), the initial state of the polarization voltage generating unit 19 provides for the passage of the object and blocking of the object rays. In this case, the initial state of the visual information display unit 47and

of the spatial frequency modulator 49 is similar to the initial state of the above mode and during operation

5 does not change. As the filter 49 and the translucent mirror 13 in this mode can be excluded.

In this mode, three steps are distinguished: the step of determining the thematic areas of the recorded page, the step of determining the free addresses in the area, and the step of recording the page according to the areas defined in the first step. At the first step, the object beam of light, modulating the recorded frame in focus, focuses the first lens 8 on one of the selected holograms of the thematic field descriptions GTN 10 correlates with this hologram and the result of the correlation, expanding and increasing the second telescopic-optical system 12, passes through the second semitransparent chnoe mirror 13 ,. is detected by the photodetector 14. The degree of the current of the photodetector current measured by the unit 15 determines the degree of

5, correlations of the recorded page of the frame with the corresponding thematic area, the final number of which, heuristically selected, serves to go to the second step - the step of recording the frame. On the second step

0, the second 7 and third 35 polarizers are switched so as to unlock the object wave and block the object wave. I scan the positions of the holograms defined on the first

In step 5 by regions with an unmodulated beam, and evaluating the degree of correlation of the corresponding holograms of descriptions of thematic fields 10, similarly to the above-described order, hologram position addresses free from

records, i.e. positions onto which next pages can be recorded. In the third step, the second polarizer 7 is switched to unlock the object beam. In this step, object and object rays are used for the same purpose as in the above mode.

The holograms of the pages are recorded in the following sequence (see Fig. 3). According to the signal from the synchronization block 16 from the first constant block, the memory 29 is read into the first block of random access memory 34 a complete list of addresses of descriptions of thematic fields GTN 10. For each of a series of signals coming from the synchronization block 16 to the second block of random access memory 35 , at its output, the next scanning address of GTN 10 is initiated, as a result of which in the first register 39 of the hologram at this address of GTN 10 the signal value of photodetector 14 is compared, which is compared in comparator 42 with the threshold value of the second block of pos of the current memory 30 and the result of the comparison, the address is recorded in the second register 40. At the address recorded in the second register 40, from the third block of read-only memory 31 to the third block of random-access memory 36, a list of address fields of GTN pages 10 are mapped with the addresses of the descriptions of the thematic fields defined at the step of determining the thematic areas of the recorded page. Upon completion of a series of pulses from the synchronization block 16, a signal is received to the polarization voltage switching block 46 to the second random access memory block 35 and block 16 to block the second polarizer 7 and unlock the polarizer 22. Next, the third block of random access memory 36 receives from block 16 a series of pulses initiating a scan of GTN 10 at the addresses recorded in the third block of random access memory 36, and the result of which, for each comparison, a triple of numbers is written in the third register 41, consisting of the description of the thematic field, the page corresponding to it, and the magnitude of the photodetector signal coming from the ADC 45. This value of the signal is compared in the second comparator 43 with a threshold in the value of the fourth block of read-only memory 32 and according to the result of the comparison is written to the fourth block of random access memory 37. After a series of pulses is completed, the polarization voltage switching signal is transmitted to block 46 to the third block of random access memory 36, as a result of which the object beam is released. passing through the second

polarizer 7. Then, the fourth block of random access memory 37 receives a series of pulses from block 16, each of which receives the recording address of the next hologram to the deflection voltage generating blocks of the beams 17 and 18, and then the hologram registration control unit 11 detects this a hologram in GTN 10. Upon completion of reading the addresses of the fourth block of random access memory 37, the blocks 9 receive a signal for changing the frame of the microfilm tape. The above sequence is cyclically repeated until the microfilm tape is completed, which, like in the previous mode, serves as a similar signal from block 9 to block 28.

In the search mode for page images on request, the initial state of the polarization block 19 ensures that the beam passes along the contour with which the spatial frequency modulator is interfaced, while the beam directed to the polarizer 7 is blocked by it. In this mode,

5 three work steps: the formation of the optical image of the request, the search for thematic areas of the request, search pages. At the first step, the query text is input to the input of the start address setting unit 28 and, upon a signal from this block, the query text is output to the visual information display unit 47 for display through the telescopic-optical system 48 to the spatial frequency modulator 49. In the second step

5, the light beam, modulated by the request image presented on the spatial frequency modulator 49, is focused by the fourth lens 26 on one of the selected holograms describing thematic fields

0 GTN 10, correlates with this hologram, and the correlation result, expanding and amplifying by the second telescopic-optical unit 12, passing through the second translucent mirror 13, is recorded by photo5 by the receiver 14. The degree of correlation is determined by the magnitude of the photodetector current measured by the photodetector 15. the query text with the corresponding thematic area, the heuristic choice of the final number of which serves to go to the next step - the step of searching for the page in the selected thematic populations of GTN 10. In the third step, a scan is performed Contents page addresses corresponding thematic

5 fields selected in the second step, and the required pages are determined by the degree of correlation of the request image with the page image.

The search for pages after the implementation of the first step is carried out in the following synchronized sequence (Fig. 4). The signal from the synchronization unit 16 from the first memory block 29 reads into the second block of random access memory 35 a complete list of addresses of descriptions of thematic fields of GTN 10. For each of a series of signals coming from synchronization block 16 to the second random access memory block 35, at its output, the next scanning address of the GTN 10 is initiated, as a result of which in the first register 39 this signal is matched with the signal value from the photodetector 14, which is compared in the first comparator 42 with the threshold value of the second memory block 30 and according to the result of the comparison, the address is recorded in the second register 40. At the address recorded in the second register 40, from the third block of read-only memory 31 to the third block of random-access memory 36 a list of address fields of GTN pages 10 is mapped to the corresponding description addresses thematic fields. In the third step, the third block of random access memory 36 receives from the block 16 a series of pulses initiating a scan of GTN 10 at the addresses recorded in the second step to the third block of random access memory 36, as a result of which, for each comparison, a triple of numbers are written in the third register 41. consisting of the address for the description of the thematic field, the address of the corresponding page and the signal size of the photodetector coming from the ADC 45. Next, the signal value in the third comparator 44 is compared with the threshold value of the fifth memory block 33 as a result of the comparison, it is recorded in the non-volatile memory built into the random access memory 38.

In the playback mode of the records found in the search mode, the initial state of the polarization block allows the beam to pass along the contour of the object beam of the recording mode, while the beam directed to the third polarizer 22 is blocked by it. Playback of the recordings is carried out in the following order. Based on a signal from the outside, in the initial address setting unit 28, the reading of the next (starting from the first) address from the fifth RAM block 38 is initiated, the address is supplied to the deviation voltage generating unit for the reference and subject rays 18, 17, as a result of which the beam is directed to the reproduced hologram, and its screen prototype is displayed on the screen 27.

Thus, by structuring data based on semantic content

array documents in combination with the possibility of generating queries in real time provides an on-line interactive search by the content in large mass primary documents, which significantly expands the functionality of such systems.

10

The claims

An optical information retrieval system comprising a coherent radiation source, a beam expander, a first polarizer, a first deflector, a first telescopic optical unit, a first translucent mirror, a second polarizer, a first lens, a microfilm change unit, arranged in series in the direction of radiation propagation; a topographic three-dimensional storage device, a second telescopic optical unit, a second translucent mirror and a photodetector, the output of which is connected

with the input of the meter, current values set in series in the direction of radiation propagation and optically coupled to the first translucent mirror, a second lens, a reflecting element, a third polarizer, a third lens, a second deflector, a deflecting element, and a fourth lens optically coupled to a holographic three-dimensional storage optically coupled

with a second translucent mirror, a screen, a hologram registration control unit, the output of which is connected to the input of a holographic three-dimensional storage device, a synchronization unit, an object beam deflection voltage generation unit, a reference beam deflection voltage generation unit, a polarization voltage generation unit, the first one the third outputs of which are connected to the inputs

respectively, of the first to third polarizers, the outputs of the deflection voltage generating units of the object beam and the reference beam are connected to the inputs of the first and second deflectors, respectively;

characterized in that, in order to expand the scope of application by providing a structured multi-level dialog search, a block for setting start addresses is introduced into the system,

the first-fifth blocks of read-only memory, the first-fifth blocks of random access memory, the first-third registers, the first-third comparators, the analog-to-digital converter, the voltage switching unit

the visualization display unit, the third telescopic-optical unit and the spatial frequency modulator located in the optical axis between the fourth lens and the topographic three-dimensional storage device, the first input of the unit for setting the initial addresses of the control input of the system , the output of the microfilm change unit is connected to the second input of the start address setting unit. the first and fourth outputs of which are connected to the first inputs of the corresponding In addition to the polarization voltage generation unit, the object beam deflection voltage generation unit, the reference beam deflection voltage generation unit and the fifth random access memory block, the fifth and sixth outputs of the start address setting unit are connected to the inputs of the visual information display unit and the block, respectively synchronization, the first-eighth outputs of which are connected respectively to the input of the first block of read-only memory, the first input of the first block of random-access memory, the input of the registration control unit holograms, the input of the microfilm change unit, the first inputs of the second and third random access memory blocks, the input of the polarization voltage switching unit and the first input of the fourth random access memory block, the first and second outputs of the first read-only memory block are connected to the second inputs of the first and of the second RAM blocks, the outputs of the first, fourth and fifth and the first outputs of the second and third blocks of RAM are combined and connected to the second inputs of the unit for deflecting voltage of the first beam and the unit for deflecting the voltage of the reference beam, the output of the current meter is connected to the input of an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the first and third registers, the second output of the second block of RAM is connected to the second input of the first register, the output of which and the output of the second block

read-only memory are connected to the first and second inputs of the first comparator, the output of which through the second register is connected to the input of the third read-only memory block, the output of which is connected to the second

the input of the third block of random access memory, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the third register, the first output of which and the output of the fourth block of read-only memory are connected to the first and

the second inputs of the second comparator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the fourth RAM block, the second output of the third register and the output of the fifth memory block are connected to the first and second inputs of the third comparator, the output of which is connected to the second input of the fifth RAM block Thus, the output of the polarization voltage switching unit is connected to the second input of the polarization voltage forming unit.

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