RU1836564C - Method and apparatus for well bore construction - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: for field development. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: With the aid of a pick-up device, a foundation ring equipped with an injection head of drill rods is lowered on a foundation in a stable rock mass. Then the component of the mounting rings with the filler located between them is mounted on it, and the shaft support is mounted and then concrete is clogged. Then, composed of several fixing rings at the wellhead, it is water-permeable in each case equipped with its own foundation ring, the fixing line in the well is mounted on the previous one, and each fixing line is clogged in sections before the next injection rod of the drill rod is retracted, with one provided between the fixing rings holding them at a distance, and also acting as a hinge, a flexible intermediate layer. 2 n.p. and 13 z.p. f-ly, 12 ill. with; Ј

Description

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing a mine shaft, in particular for field development, in which, with the help of a pick-up device, the drill rod equipped with an injection head is first lowered. The base support hole is laid on a foundation in a stable rock mass, then it is made up of mounting rings between the shaft support and the rock mass, the space between the shaft support and the rock mass is filled in the body through the extruded injection stand of the drill rods.

The aim of the invention is as quickly as possible and without. interference to build a permeable support in a stable rock mass, which withstands relative compressions and stretchings, in particular those under the influence of a mine working, without significant damage.

The method and device used for this are described below using the figures in which:

in FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a drill shaft with a towing device, a drill rod set and a gantry rflQMf

figure 2 is an enlarged section P of figure 1;

in FIG. 3 an enlarged section 111 of FIG. 1;

figure 4 is a longitudinal section along the serial mounting ring located on top of the foundation ring:

figure 5 is a top view of figure 4;

figure 6 is a longitudinal section along the base ring of the mounting line;

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Fig.7 is a top view of Fig.6;

in Fig.8 is an enlarged section of the USH of Fig.2 on Fig.9-enlarged section IX of Fig.Z;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the shaft of a shaft in the transition zone between a stable and unstable rock mass,

figure 11 is a schematic diagram of three hydraulic cylinders for the entry and exit consoles of the towing device and

FIG. 12 is a partial sectional view taken along the line HI-HI of FIG. Z.

According to FIG. 1, near the wellhead (1) of the shaft (2), in each case, it consists of several mounting rings (3), is permeable and in each case provided with its own foundation ring (4), the fixing line (5) is composed and lowered with the help of a trailed attachment (6), which hangs on the drill rod stand (7), and the latter on the gantry crane device (8). The lower fixing line (5) itself is lowered on the foundation (9) in a stable rock mass (10) and the subsequent fixing line (5) is inserted with its own foundation ring (4) on the uppermost fixing ring (3) of the previous fixing line®.

Figure 2 shows the foundation (9) at the bottom of the well (11) in a stable rock mass (10), on which the bottom fastening line itself (5) has just been planted with its extremely heavily reinforced foundation ring (12). The foundation ring (12) has in its lower strongly reinforced part several recesses (14) evenly distributed along its inner side surface (13), which are lined with a metal ring (15). The consoles (16) engage in these lined recesses (14) under the influence of hydraulic cylinders (17), which are located in horizontally extending box sections (18) and are mounted on several vertical supports (19). These supports (19) are inclined towards the longitudinal axis (20) towards the wellhead (1) and are fixed at their upper end (21) visible in FIG. 1 in the drill rod set (7). After inserting the ring (12) of the lowest mounting line (5) of the console (16) through the hydraulic cylinders (17) described using Figs. 11 and 12, they leave the recesses (14) in the direction of the arrow (22), so. that the towing device (6) can be pulled back to the wellhead (1) to receive another fixing line (5).

As can be seen further from FIG. 2, both the ring (12) and the serial fastening rings (3) located on it have in their walls (23) parallel to the longitudinal axis (20) distributed uniformly around the circumference, tube-shaped channels (23) which are provided with steel or plastic pipes (25) (see Fig. 8) for guiding the injection rod of the drill rods 26 reaching the mouth of the well (1) (Fig. 1). In addition, at least one concreting hole (27) is located in the walls (23) to the annular space (28) between the outer side surface (29) and the rock mass (30). Through these concreting holes (27), when the injection rod of the drill rods (26) is pulled, concrete from the channels (24) through the concreting holes (27) is filled in the annular space (28). In order to prevent the concrete from rising in the channels (24) during this process, the injection shaft of the drill rods (26) at its lower end is equipped with a lip seal, which in each case seals the channel space located on top of this with steel or plastic pipes (25). relatively rising concrete.

As soon as the fixing line (5) located below is about to the height of its upper edge (31) (see Fig. 3) is clogged with concrete (32), the next fixing line (5) can be inserted.

This process is shown in FIG. There, a subsequent fixing line (5) hangs on the arms (16) of the towing device (6). The latter is below the boxed sections. (18) consoles (16) has a centering or mounting device (33), which consists mainly of a closed circular ring (34) - or several circular segments, which are provided with a conical bevel at its free end pointing towards the bottom of the well (11) (35). The outer diameter of this centering or mounting device (33) is only slightly smaller than the inner diameter (D) of the mounting line (5). At the same time, the upper end of the preceding fixing line (5) has an annular depression (36), into which a protruding metal ring (37) is engaged, which is connected to the metal facing (15) of the foundation ring of the mounted fixing line (5). Also here, between the upper fixing ring (3) of the previous fixing line (5) and the fundamental ring (4) of the subsequent fixing line (5), there is an intermediate layer (39) of crushed wood. This intermediate layer (39) can be either in the form of a circular ring, in the form of a circular segment, or also consist only of wood blocks arranged uniformly around the circumference. This intermediate layer (39) between the two fixing lines (5) is preferably provided with a conical sliding surface (38) in order to facilitate the installation of the metal ring (37) in the annular cavity (36). A similar function is performed by the conical bevel (35) of the centering device (33). The mounted state is shown in Fig. 9. There, the parts coinciding with Fig. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals. As can be seen from here, the height of the pressed wood intermediate layer (39) is less than the height between the lower edge (40) of the metal ring (37) and the lower edge (41) of the annular depression (36) in the previous mounting line (5) . By this, it is avoided that even with the fully compressed intermediate layer (39), the lower edge (40) of the metal ring (37) can be pressed onto the lower edge (41) of the annular depression (36) and thereby deform the metal ring (37). This metal ring (37) performs the function of compaction - relative to concrete, but not relative to rock water. massif - at the height of the intermediate layer (39).

After mounting the console (16) through the hydraulic cylinders (17) in the direction of the arrow (22), they again leave the recesses (14) and the pick-up device (6) for receiving another fixing line (5) is not connected to the wellhead (1).

After that, again through the injection stand of the drill rods (26) through the holes for concreting (27), the intermediate space (28) between the outer surface (29) of the fixing line (5) and the rock mass (30) is also filled with concrete (32), as channels (24) in the reference hole (4). In this case, the support holes (4) of each fixing line (5) are mutually similar. Only the support ring (12), the first mounting line (5) installed on the foundation (9), which is equipped with a clearly defined, strongly reinforced concrete ring, is made different from this.

The reference hole (4) of each other fixing line (5) is shown in figures 6 and 7. Moreover, the parts coinciding with figures 3 and 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals. As, in particular, it can be seen from Fig. 7, the foundation ring (4) for better centering, as well as for firm fixation with the rock mass (30) after clogging with concrete (32) is equipped with three 120 rails mixed relative to each other ( 42), which are beveled on both sides towards the outer lateral surface Q (29). In addition, the reference hole (4) has four channels (24) offset in each case 90 ° from each other, into which the previously described injection rod of the drill rods (26) can be inserted.

5 The serial mounting ring (3) located on top of the foundation ring (4) according to FIGS. 6 and 7 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Also, this serial mounting ring (3) is provided with four offset

0 in each case, 90 ° with respect to each other by channels (24) for the injection set of drill rods (26) and has exactly the same three rails displaced in each case on the 120th guiding slide (42) in each case on each outer surface (42). Concrete openings (27) are located at the lower end of the channels (24), which, however, can also be located in other places of the channels (24).

0 Fig. 8 shows an enlarged section of the angle grinder in Fig. 2 at the height of the intermediate layer (43) between two serial mounting rings (3) according to Fig. 2. Each mounting ring (3) has, according to figures 4 and 5, several channels (24), which are lined with steel or plastic pipes (25), from each channel (24) leads at least one hole for concreting (27) to concrete exit to

0 annular space (28) between the outer lateral surface (29) of each fixing line (5) and the rock mass (30). The outer side surface (29) at the height of the intermediate layer (43) is covered by a metal ring (44). which is preferably inserted into the annular recess (45) of both serial mounting rings (3). This metal ring (44) only serves as a seal for

0 concrete compaction - but not possibly occurring near the water from the rock mass. Based on malleable intermediate layers (39, 43) between individual support holes (12, 4) and serial

5 fastening rings (3) and the last (3) between each other in these places there are hinged, permeable joints that can withstand bends and relative compressions without significant damage.

The transition of the shaft shaft support consisting of several fastening lines (5) in the stable rock mass (10) to the support in the unstable rock mass (46) is shown in FIG. 10. As follows from this, the diameter (D) of the lining (47) in the unstable empty massif is slightly larger than the diameter (D) of the lining (48) in the stable rock mass (10). In this transition zone (49), a specially formed concrete ring (50) is mounted on the upper edge of the lining (48) for better aerodynamic design.

Figures 11 and 12 show a special hydraulic device for the entry and exit of consoles (16). The actuating arms (16) of the piston (51) are located in the cylinders (17) and are double acting. They are equipped both on the piston area (52) and on the piston area (53) in each case with one piston rod (54, 55). The diameter of the piston rod (55) in the present case is made smaller than the diameter of the piston rod (54). As a consequence of this, the area of the piston (53) is also larger than the area of the piston (52). The areas of the pistons (53) of all hydraulic cylinders (17) are interconnected via pipelines (56) and (57), as well as communicating through a pipeline (58) with a combined, self-locking compressor tank (59) made of entropy elastic material, which is exactly the same just as the pipeline (57) is filled with clean hydraulic fluid (60). Further, the area of the pistons (52) with a smaller piston area through the pipeline (61) and (62) are interconnected, as well as through the pipeline (63 with another elastic, self-enclosed compressor tank (64) of an entropic elastic material with a hydraulic fluid (60 The compressor tank (59) is supplied in a rigid protective container (65) and the compressor tank (64) is located in the high pressure housing (66), the latter in order to be able to perceive the overpressure exiting the booster pump (70).

The compressor tank (59) is through the pipeline (67) constantly under the influence of the pressure of the mud in the borehole (2) at the corresponding height of the console (16) of the pick-up device (6), while the compressor tank (64) through the pipe (68) is only under the influence of flushing fluid (69) in the drill string (7) and / or booster pump pressure (70). When lowering the pick-up device (6), the pressure in the compressor tank (59) increases to an appropriate degree with increasing depth, which accordingly compresses and, for example, at 1000 m depth has a corresponding internal pressure of 100 bar. This pressure also acts on the area of the piston (53), as a result of which the arms (16) engage in the recesses (14) lined with the steel sheet (15) of the corresponding support holes (4) of the fixing lines (5). During the descent

0 of the pick-up device (6) with the fastening line (5), the inner space of the drill string (7) should not contain any flushing fluid. By this on

5 the area of the piston (52) acts only

Atmosphere pressure. If by

seepage or other circumstances

becoming a drill rod (7) is undesirable dol. wives would be filled with a column of liquid,

0 no less than the separation of the consoles (16) from the recesses (14) cannot be performed since the liquid column in the drill rod set (7) acts on the piston area (52) with the same or smaller piston area and, due to this, affects the piston area (53 ) the force in one case is the same, and in the other case, according to this differential pressure-sensitive surface between the areas of the piston (52,

0 53) remains larger and thereby the consoles (16) maintain their previous state in their locking position according to Figures 2, 3 and 9. Moreover, the frictional force from the increasing load of this mounting line is exerted on the ends of the consoles (16).

To define the arms (16), a higher pressure must remain on the piston areas (52) than on the piston areas (53). For this purpose, the end of the stav

0 drill rods (7) near the wellhead (1) are hydraulically connected to a booster pump (70) and through this, the higher pressure necessary to separate and return the arms (16) is created.

In principle, this booster pump, as well as piston rods (54), could be discarded. In this case, however, the consoles (16) would also have to be driven by piston rods (55). Since then the area of the piston (52) is larger than the area of the piston (53) on the side of the piston rod (55), only the consoles (16) need to be separated

5 to put the area of the piston (52) under the action of the same mud column pressure as the fluid column in the drill rod set (7). In any case, based on the difference in area in the direction of the arrow (71), then a greater force acts than in the opposite direction on the pistons (51), due to which the arms (1.6) easily return back from the recesses (14) of the reference holes (4, 12). However, problems may arise if, during the descent of the pick-up device (6), fluid involuntarily enters the drill rods (7) and thereby places it involuntarily under pressure. Then, a circumstance avoided under all circumstances could occur, where the arms (16) are separated from the recesses (14) before the attachment line (5) runs over the previous one (5). For these reasons, the alternatives described primarily should be preferred according to the invention.

A particular advantage of this pick-up device (6) is based on the simple design and principle of action of the pistons (51) in the hydraulic cylinders (17), which themselves, under interference, for example, during the destruction of one or both entropy-elastic compressor containers (59, 64), nevertheless allow reliable exit and entry of consoles (16). After fitting the appropriate fixing line (5) while the compressor tanks (59, 64) are being destroyed, the latter can be placed on top of the wellhead (1) before receiving the next fixing line (5) without any problems being repaired or replaced with new ones.

Claims (15)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A method for constructing a mine shaft, in particular for field development, including lowering a foundation ring using a towing device, connecting several fastening rings to the ring when they are mutually centered relative to each other in the section, and lowering the sections of the fixing column to the bottom with securing the junction of the sections and concreting the space between the mounting column and the rock mass through an extruded injection stand of drill rods, characterized in that, in order to accelerate the construction, the tight support of the shaft shaft in a stable rock mass and increase its stability, sections of the mounting column are collected at the wellhead, they are subsequently lowered into the well, while concreting is performed alternately after the descent of each section, and concrete is released through holes for concreting the fixing rings of the last fixing sections during continuous drawing of the injection string of drill rods, the joint between the fastening rings being hinged, placing an intermediate tool between the fastening rings pour layer and metal rings covering it, located on the side inner wall of the lower foundation ring, protruding towards the lowered section of the fixing column, and on the side outer walls of the fixing rings. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sections of the fixing column are made of concrete and the foundation rings of the sections are reinforced, while the fastening sections are lowered by the towing device through the recesses of the foundation rings. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, on the basis of 5, so that the recesses in the foundation rings are faced with a steel sheet. 4. A method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that wood, plastic mass and the like are used as a malleable intermediate layer. 5. A device for constructing a shaft shaft, including a foundation ring mounted on the foundation ring with the possibility of engagement and centering; 5 fastening rings, a towing device and injection rods of drill rods placed uniformly around the circumference parallel to the longitudinal axis, characterized in that it is provided 0 additional rings, forming sections of the fixing column with the mounting rings mounted on them, and metal rings, some of which are mounted on the side inner walls of the 5 foundation rings and placed below their ends in the direction of the underlying section, and others on the outer walls of the mounting rings in the location of the joint, while in the mounting rings are made 0 tube-shaped channels for placing injection rods of drill rods and holes in communication with injection rods of drill rods for supplying concrete to the annular space between the outer 5 surface mounting columns and rock mass. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that in each supporting base ring there are recesses for interacting with the towing device. 7. The device according to claims 5-6, characterized in that it is provided with a steel sheet placed in a recess of the foundation ring. 5 8. The device according to claims 5-7, characterized in that it is provided with steel or plastic pipes placed in pipe-like channels. 9. The device according to claims 5-8, characterized in that each injection becoming pipes equipped with a lip seal / mounted on the lower end of the device. 10. The device according to claims 5-9, with the proviso that the towing device is made of a boom of rods, of several racks mounted on it inclined towards the wellhead, of horizontal box rails mounted on the lower ends of the uprights, and from hydraulically driven consoles placed in horizontal rails with the possibility of movement in them and placement in the recesses of the foundation rings. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the hydraulic drive of each console is made up of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, compressor tanks and a booster pump, while the cavities of all hydraulic cylinders of one towing device are hydraulically communicated between themselves and column with flushing fluid through the compressor tank, and the cavities of all hydraulic cylinders on the side of the consoles are hydraulically communicated with each other and with a column of flushing fluid in the rod stand through another compressor capacity and booster pump. 12. The device of pop. 10-11, distinguishing it in that the diameter of the rod fastened to the console is larger than the diameter of the rod on the opposite side of the piston. 13. The device according to claims 10-12, characterized in that the diameters of the hydraulic cylinder rods are the same. 14. 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