RU183600U1 - PROTECTIVE HELMET WITH AUTOMATIC CONTROL DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to work safety and is intended to increase the safety of the human user in the workplace with the help of a transparent system of intellectual support for personal protective equipment - a protective helmet.

A protective helmet with a device for automatic control of operation combines the helmet and the user's head into a single constructive and information space in order to control the operation of the helmet in accordance with established norms and rules during working hours. Monitoring is carried out by using two groups of electronic sensors and an automatic operation control device. The first group of sensors is optoelectronic sensors. As the second group of sensors, an accelerometer is used, which provides identification of the motor activity of a person during the operation of the helmet. In addition, the automatic control device includes a controller board, a processor installed on the controller board, and a set of devices that provide: assessment, memorization and storage of information about when the state of the system “human head - protective helmet” changes; formation of an alarm in case of violation of the rules of operation of a protective helmet; the transfer of information stored during the operation of the helmet on the wireless channel to external devices in order to provide administrative authorities. The automatic control of the operation of the protective helmet implemented by the device motivates the user to comply with safety regulations.

Description

The utility model relates to work safety and is intended to increase the safety of a person at work with the help of a transparent system of intellectual support for personal protective equipment - a protective helmet.

A known design of a protective helmet (US patent No. 5603117 A, publ. 02/18/1997). The design of the safety helmet includes the helmet itself with a user-adjustable system of internal equipment. In addition, this design includes a protective mask for the user's face and an intercom system such as a headset. The headset allows the communication of users connected to the system. Structurally, the use of a head protector by a user - helmets can be carried out using the built-in headset by verbal contact.

The disadvantage of this device is the use of a headset as a means of control, which leads to the inability to continuously monitor the use of a protective helmet and the possibility of generating false information about compliance with the rules of wearing a protective helmet.

Known combined protective helmet system and communication system (US patent No. 54404577 A, publ. 04.04.1995). This system consists of the protective helmet itself and the communication system with a headset fastened in its design, which allows several users to be connected to the communication network. The system allows users to exchange information at a considerable distance from each other and in conditions that impede the implementation of communication. Structurally, the use by the user of a head protection - a protective helmet can be carried out using the built-in headset by verbal contact.

The disadvantage of this device is the use of a headset as a means of control, which leads to the inability to continuously monitor the use of a protective helmet and the possibility of generating false information about compliance with the rules of wearing a protective helmet.

The famous "LifeBEAM's SMART bicycle helmet" - a "smart" helmet helmet (Technical characteristics of the helmet, electronic resource: https://newatlas.com/lifebeam-smart-heart-rate-monitoring-bicycle-helmet/26548/) is a protective a bicycle helmet with built-in equipment that controls a number of climatic parameters around the user, which also allows you to record periods of physical activity of the user and use devices such as a smartphone in a single system of intellectual support for this helmet.

The design flaw of this safety helmet is the possibility of generating false information about the presence of the safety helmet on the user's head.

The famous “Nand Logic Smart Helmet” is a “smart” helmet for people involved in extreme sports (Technical characteristics of the helmet, electronic resource: https://newatlas.com/nand-logic-smart-helmet/35784/). This design consists of a helmet and an electronic device installed in it. An electronic device contains many modules, such as Bluetooth wireless; GPS receiver SD card slot; stereo speakers; a rechargeable battery, cameras for capturing the visual environment around the owner, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, light, temperature and humidity sensors, as well as a means of displaying information - LED indicators. Through the helmet's audio system, it is possible to listen to the audio information generated by the smartphone. Evaluation of information from humidity and temperature sensors allows you to automatically control the fans integrated into the helmet in order to maintain a comfortable microclimate. A noise reduction system is provided.

The disadvantage of the design of this helmet is the ability to generate false information about the presence of the helmet on the user's head.

Known helmet with electronic protection (RF patent No. 2438539, publ. 10.01.2012), adopted for the prototype, which contains a housing having a rigid outer shell, a rigid inner shell attached to the outer shell with the formation of a cavity between them, and shock-absorbing structure, located between the inner shell and the user's head when wearing a helmet, and an integrated electronic system that contains a microphone and a speaker and located in the specified cavity of the subsystem: digital images; audio information; global positioning; mobile communications; a headlamp focused on providing light emission in space in front of the user; power supply battery. The invention provides improved user safety and ease of use.

The disadvantages of this device is the placement of the electronic system in the space between the head of the user and the protective helmet, which reduces the protective properties of this design by reducing the space required for the free movement of the internal equipment of the helmet when absorbing the collision of the helmet with an external object, as well as the absence of structural elements that provide monitoring the use of the individual protective equipment of the head - helmet for the intended purpose.

The technical result is the creation of a structure consisting of the protective helmet itself and an automatic operation control device (device) mounted on the back of the protective helmet, from its outside, using special fastening and allowing automatic control of compliance with the rules of operation (use) of the user's safety helmet in production .

The technical result is achieved by the fact that on the outer back side of the hard outer shell of the helmet the tool tray is rigidly fixed, on which the device for automatic control of operation is installed, technological holes are made in the device’s body, hard outer shell of the helmet and the tool tray coinciding with each other, on the inner front and side surfaces the hard shell of the helmet is rigidly fixed LEDs connected to the controller board through communication conductors and a contact connector mounted on lodgement and controller board, on which a photodetector is additionally installed, the output of which is connected to the input line of the input / output port of the controller, an astronomical time generation unit connected to the controller via input lines of the input / output port of the controller, the power amplifier of which is connected to the output line of the input port controller output, and the output of the power amplifier is connected through a contact connector with LEDs, the accelerometer outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the analog-to-digital converter of the controller . The work of the safety helmet with the device is illustrated by the following figures:

figure 1 - protective helmet, side view;

FIG. 2 - a protective helmet, a top view;

FIG. 3 - structural filling of the device;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a device for automatic control of operation, where:

1 - body helmet (hard outer shell),

2 - internal equipment of the helmet (shock absorbing structure),

3 - device

4 - photodetector,

5 - communication conductors,

6 - LEDs

7 - lodgement,

8 - power supply (battery),

9 - controller board,

10 - pin connector

11 - technological hole,

12 is a safety helmet user,

13 - notification unit (loudspeaker),

14 - power amplifier

15 is an optical emitter,

16 - accelerometer,

17 - controller

18 - processor

19 - input / output port,

20 - analog-to-digital Converter,

21 is a block of non-volatile memory,

22 - transceiver unit wireless communication,

23 - power discharge control unit,

24 - block formation of astronomical time,

25 is an antenna of a wireless communication unit.

A protective helmet with an automatic control device for operation consists of a helmet body (rigid outer shell) 1 (Fig. 1-3), made in accordance with GOST EN 397-2012 and additional elements attached to this housing. On the inner frontal and lateral surfaces of the helmet 1, LEDs 6 are rigidly fixed (Fig. 1-4). The LEDs 6 are connected by means of conductors 5 to the contacts of the connector 10, which is located on the tool tray 7. The tool holder 10 is connected to the connector 10 of the device 3, which supplies the electric control voltage to the LEDs 6 of the emitter 15 from the power amplifier 14 (FIG. 3-4) located on the controller board 9 and connected to the output lines of the I / O port 19, which are part of the controller 17.

On the helmet body, from the rear outer side, a tool tray 7 is rigidly fixed, which ensures the quick installation and fixation of the device 3. The tool tray 7 and the device case 3 are made of durable plastic. In the cases of the device 3, the helmet 1 and in the cradle 7, technological holes 11 are made coinciding with each other and providing access to the light flux from the LEDs 6 of the emitter 15 to the photodetector 4 mounted on the controller board 9.

The output of the photodetector 4 is connected to the input line of the input / output port 19 of the controller 17. The outputs of the accelerometer 16 mounted on the controller board 9 are connected to the inputs of the analog-to-digital converter 20 included in the controller 17. The data and control buses of the analog-to-digital converter 20 are connected with the corresponding buses of the processor 18 included in the controller 17. The control bus, address and data of the processor 18 are connected to the corresponding buses of the non-volatile memory 21 and the transceiver 22 included in the controller 17, the astronomical time generation unit 24 located on the controller board 9. The receiver input and the output of the transceiver 22 are connected to the antenna of the wireless unit 25 located on the controller board 9.

In addition, on the controller board 9 are located, a warning unit (loudspeaker) 13 connected to the output of the I / O port 19 of the controller 17, a power supply 8 (rechargeable battery) connected to the input of the discharge control unit of the power source 23, which is part of the controller 17.

The device operates as follows. The first group of sensors is optoelectronic sensors, which are optocouplers, consisting of LEDs 6 of the optical emitter 15 and the photodetector 4 (Fig. 1). The LEDs 6 are located in the space of the inner surface of the helmet 1 so that in the absence of the head of the user 12 in the helmet 1, the light flux generated by the LEDs 6, freely enter the photodetector 4, and when putting on the helmet 1 are blocked by the head of the user 12.

The reliability of the identification of the use of the helmet by the user 12 is ensured by the installation of LEDs 6 according to an individual scheme, depending on the design of the helmet 1 and on the location and method of fastening the internal shock-absorbing equipment of the helmet. The number of LEDs 6 and the coordinates of their spatial location are selected so that the luminous flux from at least one LED 6 to the photodetector 4 is reliably transmitted at the time the helmet is removed and during the period of absence of the helmet on the user’s head 12, as well as reliable overlap of the light flux from all the LEDs 6 at the time of putting on the helmet and for a period of time the helmet is located on the head of the user 12. The minimum number of LEDs is 3 pcs., Which is determined experimentally.

To increase the reliability of identification of the presence of a protective helmet on the user, as well as to detect unauthorized access to the elements of the optoelectronic sensor in order to generate false information about the control result, a second group of sensors has been introduced into the control device.

The second group of sensors is a motor activity sensor - accelerometer 16 (for example, MMA7455S, manufactured by FreescaleSemiconductor, Netherland), which generates electrical signals proportional to the user's motor reaction along the X, Y, Z coordinate axes. The case when the amplitude of the motor reaction is exceeded and the amplitude is preserved threshold value on any of the coordinate axes (or their combination) is evaluated by the controller 17, as confirmation of the presence of a protective helmet on the user's head.

If the information received from the optoelectronic sensor is evaluated by the controller 17 as the presence of a protective helmet on the head of the user 12, but is not confirmed by the information received from the motor activity sensor (accelerometer 16), then the situation is evaluated by the controller 17 as an attempt by an unscrupulous user to influence the control result by artificial means.

The controller 17 using the processor 18 periodically (with a period T _p determined empirically) reads the current time value from the astronomical time generating unit 25 and compares it with the set values corresponding to the working time and technological interruptions stored in the non-volatile memory unit 21. Such a comparison carried out in order to determine the periods when the control of the presence of a protective helmet on the user is allowed.

In controlled periods of time, the controller 17 using the processor 18 through the lines of the input / output port 19 and through the power amplifier 14, with a period (T _p ), sequentially, supplies control voltage pulses to the LEDs 6 of the optical emitter 15, ensuring the formation of the light flux for a while the action of each pulse (the minimum time of light exposure is t _i , determined by the speed of the LEDs 6 and controller 17). In the absence of a protective helmet on the user 12, the light flux on the photodetector 4 is unhindered from the next LED 6, and the logical level “1” is formed at the output of the photodetector 4. If there is a user 12 in the path of the light flux, a logical “O” level is formed at the output of the photodetector 4. The logical levels from the output of the photodetector 4 through the line of the input / output port 19 of the controller 17 are transmitted to the processor 18. The values of the logical levels corresponding to the state of each of the polled optocouplers (LEDs 6 - photodetector 4) are evaluated by the controller 17 as the presence of the user's head in the helmet, if light flows from all LEDs are blocked 6.

When a protective helmet is detected on the user by 12 optoelectronic sensors, the sensors of motor activity 16 (accelerometer) are turned on, which transmits to the analog-to-digital converter 20 electrical signals proportional to the motor activity of user 12 along the coordinate axes X, Y, Z. Digital codes proportional to motor activity, from the analog-to-digital Converter 20, which is part of the controller 17 are read by the processor 18 and compared with predetermined threshold values, forming a logical active level "1" if at least one or more of the plurality of values of X, Y, Z exceeds the threshold value, otherwise formed logical level "0" corresponding to the absence of a protective helmet on the user's 12 head.

When a protective helmet is detected on the user 12 by both groups of sensors, the controller 17 combines the estimate obtained as a result of the operation of the optoelectronic sensors and the accelerometer 16, providing increased reliability of the identification of the protective helmet on the user 12 by duplicating the identification process by two groups of sensors and determining the unauthorized impact on the group of optoelectronic sensors.

In the absence of a protective helmet on user 12 or unauthorized exposure to a group of optoelectronic sensors, the controller 17, using the I / O port line 19, turns on the warning unit 13, generating audio information or sound alarms that stop when a protective helmet is detected on user 12.

At the time points corresponding to putting on and removing the protective helmet 1 by the user 12, the values of the current time of the day are transmitted from the astronomical time generating unit 24 to the processor 18 of the controller 17, and from the processor 18 to the non-volatile memory unit 21 of the controller 17. The data accumulated during the monitoring period can be transferred to external systems for subsequent analysis and provision to regulatory authorities by converting information from the controller 17 using transceiver 22, which is part of the wireless unit second connection 25 and transmit it over the radio channel through antenna wireless communication unit 25 in the format modern radio standards (e.g., based on wireless technology ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4 standard).

Throughout the entire period of operation of the device, using the discharge control unit of the power supply 23 included in the controller 17, the admissible voltage value of the battery of the power supply 8 located on the controller 9 board is monitored. The control result is transmitted to the processor 18, which writes it to the unit non-volatile memory 21 and through the line of the input / output port 19 of the controller 17 includes a warning unit 13, generating audio information or sound alarms that stop when recovery The minimum value of the supply voltage as a result of charging or replacing the battery. In order to minimize power consumption, the device 3 is active only at times determined by the period T _p , otherwise the device 3 is in "sleep" mode with low power consumption.

Thus, the claimed utility model can be used to automatically monitor compliance with the rules for wearing a protective helmet set for workers in specific industries. In necessary cases, the device 3 can be equipped with additional modules in order to expand its functions.

The utility model is easily reproducible in industrial production in the form of a universal autonomous unit mounted on the outer surface of a protective helmet of various designs with the help of a lodgement that combines the helmet structure and the device for automatic control of helmet operation into a single system.

Claims (1)

A protective helmet with an automatic operating control device containing a rigid outer shell, a shock-absorbing structure located between the rigid outer shell and the user's head when the helmet is on, a battery, a controller for combining the functions of each of the set of systems, a loudspeaker, electronic system components attached to a rigid outer shell, characterized in that on the outer back side of the hard outer shell of the helmet is rigidly fixed lodgement on which the mouth The device has automatic operation control, technological holes matching each other are made in the device’s body, hard helmet’s outer shell and lodgement, LEDs are rigidly fixed on the inner front and side surfaces of the hard helmet’s outer shell, connected to the controller board via communication wires and a contact connector installed on the lodgement and controller board, on which an additional photodetector is installed, the output of which is connected to the input line of the controller I / O port, b ok, the formation of astronomical time, connected to the controller through the input line of the input / output port of the controller, the power amplifier whose input is connected to the output line of the input / output port of the controller, and the output of the power amplifier is connected through a contact connector with LEDs, an accelerometer, the outputs of which are connected to the analog inputs -digital converter controller.

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