RU1835553C - Appliance for control signals transmission in electrical system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is used in AC distribution networks. The purpose of the invention is to increase the functional reliability of the device. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the device further comprises diodes, transistors, a thyristor optocoupler. a zener diode, dinistor, capacitors, relays and a three-position bipolar control key. The introduction of new elements and the connections between them makes it possible to increase the functional reliability of the device in the power supply network by ensuring the formation of single command pulses and correction of the signal selector parameters depending on the network voltage parameters. 4 ill.

Description

Ј

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be applied in AC distribution networks for controlling electric receivers connected to the poles of a given network.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the functional reliability of the device.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth diodes, the first and second transistors, the first, second and third capacitors, the first and second charge resistors, the first, second, third and fourth base resistors are inserted into the signal conditioner, a third ballast resistor, a rectifier bridge, a dynistor, a zener diode, first and second limiting resistors, an optocoupler, a second relay, wherein the first and second relays have switching contacts, the contactor has an auxiliary make contact,

two-pole three-position control key, the first and second switching poles of the control key are connected and connected to the phase pole of the network, the first and second make contacts of the first pole of the control key are connected to the second terminal of the contactor coil, the first conclusions of the coil of the first and second relays are interconnected and through an auxiliary contact contactors are connected to the first terminal of the coil of the contactor, the second terminal of the coil of the first relay is connected to the first make contact of the second pole of the control key, and the second th output of the second relay coil is connected to the second make contact of the second pole of the control key to the common negative bus connected to a negative electrode of the first and second capacitors, a cathode fototiristory photocoupler, the emitters of the first and

00

with

SL

cl

SL OJ

the second transistor, the collector of the first transistor is connected to the connection point of the anode of the fifth diode with the second output of the first control resistor, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the connection point of the anode of the sixth diode with the second output of the second control resistor, the base of the first transistor through a series circuit from the first and second base resistors connected to the cathode of the seventh diode, the base of the second transistor through a series of third and fourth base resistors is connected to the cathode of the octopus about the diode, the cathodes of the ninth and tenth diodes are connected to the anode of the optocoupler of the optocoupler, the anode of the ninth diode is connected to the connection point of the first and second base resistors, and the anode of the tenth diode is connected to the connection point of the third and fourth basic resistors, the anode of the eighth diode is connected to the connection point of the positive plate of the first capacitor with the switching contact of the first relay, the anode of the seventh diode is connected to the connection point of the switching contact of the second relay and the positive contact of the second

capacitor, the closing pole of the switching contact of the first relay is connected to the first terminal of the first charging resistor, the closing pole of the switching contact of the second relay is connected to the first terminal of the second charging resistor, the disconnecting poles of the switching contacts of the first and second relays are connected to the common negative bus, the second conclusions of the first and the second charge resistors are connected to the first and second positive buses, respectively, the AC poles of the rectifier bridge through the third ballast resistor p are connected in parallel to the triac, the positive pole of the rectifier bridge is connected from the dinistor, the first and second limiting resistors to the anode of the optocoupler LED, the anode of the third zener diode is connected to the negative pole of the rectifier bridge, the negative lining of the third capacitor, the cathode of the optocoupler LED, the cathode of the third zener diode is connected to the connection point of the cathode of the dinistor with the first limiting resistor, the positive capacitor plate is connected to the point e connections of the first and second limiting resistors, a second resistor and a third optocoupler are introduced into the signal selector, the optocoupler emitter being connected to the network wires through a second resistor, the first optocoupler photoresistor

is connected in parallel to the LED of the first optocoupler, and the second photoresistor of the third optocoupler is connected in parallel to the LED of the optocoupler.

Fig. 1 shows a general diagram of a device for transmitting control signals in a power network; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal driver; in Fig.Z is a diagram of an electrical receiver; figure 4 - graphs of the operation of the device.

A device for transmitting control signals in a power supply network is installed in an AC network. A signal driver 3 is installed between the power supply 1 and the wires of the network 2. Electrical wires 4 are connected to the wires of the network 2 (Fig. 1).

The signal generator 3 comprises a transformer 5, the primary winding 5.1 of which is connected to the poles 1.1 and 1.2 of the power supply 1. The first secondary winding 5.2 is connected to the input of the stabilized power supply 6. The output of the power supply 6 through the thyristor 7 is connected to the control junction of the triac 8, The sistor 8 is connected between the pole of the power source 1 and the wires of the network 2. In parallel to the triac 8, the power opening contact of the contactor 9 is connected. The coil 10 of this contactor 9 is connected parallel to the winding 5.1 of the transformer 5 through the control key 1.1. Moreover, the first and second, 11.1 and 11.2, switching poles of the key 11 are connected to the pole 1.1 of the power source 1. The coil 10 of the contactor is connected between the contacts 1.2 of the power source and the first 11.3 and second 11.4 closing poles of the key 11. The contactor 9 has an auxiliary closing contact 12 connected between the connection point of the first terminals of the coils of the first 13 and second 14 control relays and the connection point of the coil 10 of the contactor 9 with the pole of the power source.

Contact 12 has a delay in closure relative to the opening moment of the main contact of contactor 9. The second output of relay coil 13 is connected to the third 11.5 make contact of key 11, The second output of relay coil 14 is connected to the fourth make contact 11.6 of key 11. The polar outputs of the second secondary winding 5.3 are connected to the anodes of the first 15 and second 16 diodes. The middle terminal of winding 5.3 is connected to a common negative bus 17. The cathode of the diode 15 is connected to the first positive bus 19 through the first ballast resistor 19. The cathode of the diode 16 is connected to the second positive bus 21 through the second ballast resistor 20.

The first Zener diode 22 is connected between the bus 19 and the bus 17. The second Zener diode 23 is connected between the buses 21 and 17. The diodes 19 and 21 are connected to the positive pole of the phase-shifting unit 26 through the third 24 and fourth 25. The negative pole of the phase-shifting unit 26 is connected to the bus 17. The output of the phase-shifting unit 26 is connected to the control transition of the thyristor 7. Between the buses 19 and 17 control circuits are connected from the resistor 27 and transistor 28, from the resistor 29 and transistor 30. The connection point of the collector of transistor 28 with resistor 27 is connected to the anode of Ode 31.

The connection point of the collector of the transistor 30 with the resistor 29 is connected to the anode of the sixth diode 31. The cathodes of the diodes 31 and 32 are connected to the input of the phase-shifting unit 26. Between the buses 19 and 17 is connected a chain of the first charge resistor 33, the switching contact 34 of the relay 13 and the first capacitor 35 Between the buses 21 and 17, a chain of the second charge resistor 36, the switching contact 37 of the relay 14 and the second capacitor 38 is connected. The positive lining of the capacitor 38 is through the seventh diode 39, the first 40 and second 41 base resistors are connected to the base of the first trans Istor 31, the positive lining of the capacitor 35 through the eighth 42 diode, the third 43 and fourth 44 base resistors is connected to the base of the second transistor 30. The anode of the ninth diode 45 is connected to the connection point of the resistors 40 and 41. The anode des is connected to the connection point of the resistors 43 and 44 that diode-46. The cathodes of the diodes 45 and 46 are interconnected and connected to the anode of the optocoupler of the optocoupler 47. The cathode of this photothyristor is connected to the bus 17. A resistor 48 is connected between the base and the emitter of the transistor 28, a resistor 49 is connected between the base and the emitter of the transistor 30. The contact breakers 34 and 37 are connected to the bus 17.

A rectifier bridge 51 is connected in parallel with the triac through the third ballast resistor 50. A zener diode 53 is connected to the DC output poles of the bridge 51 through the dynistor 52. A third capacitor 55 is connected in parallel with the zener diode 53 through the resistor 54. A 47 diode 47.1 optocoupler 47 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 55 through the resistor 56. .

The power receiver 4 comprises a signal selector 57. The actuating relay 58 is connected to the DC poles of the rectifier bridge 59 through the phototyristor of the first optocoupler 60. The phototyristor of the second optocoupler 61 is connected in parallel with the relay coil 58 as a buffer element. The electrical appliance 57 has a load block 62. comprising a load 62.1 and ballast 62.2 elements.

In parallel with ballast element 62.2, contacts 63 of relay 58 are connected. Rectifier bridge 59 and load block 62 are connected to the wires of network 2. The signal selector 57 has a capacitor 64. Connected to the poles of network 2 through a chain of the first resistor 65 and two in parallel included diode circuits: from a LED 60.1 of an optocoupler 60 and a diode 66 connected in accordance with, and a LED 61.1 and a diode of diode 67 connected in accordance. A chain of a second resistor 68 and a radiator of the third optocoupler 69 is connected to the wires of the network 2. A photoconductor 69.1 of the optocoupler 69 is connected in parallel with the LED 60.1 of the optocoupler 60.

0 Photoresistor 69.2 of the optocoupler 69 is connected in parallel with the LED 61.1 of the optocoupler 61.

A device for transmitting control signals in a power supply network operates as follows.

5 During normal operation, Mode 1, the voltage and (Fig. 4 a) from the power supply 1 through the switch 3 is supplied to the wires of the network 2. In the power receivers 4, the load elements 62.1, receiving the voltage from the poles 2, operate at the rated power Pnom (Fig. .4 h), because contact 63 bypasses the ballast element 62.2. At. the need to transfer the control command to transfer the load to Mode 2 in the forwarder 3, the control key 11 is moved to position a. In this case, contact 11.1 closes with contact 11.3, and contact 11.2 closes with contact 11.5. When installing the key 11 in position a by

Coil 10 is flowing current. The power contacts 9 open. In this case, the current from the source 1 to the network 2 goes through the triac 9. Triac 8 operates with a unlock angle of 0 °, since the input of the phase-shifting unit 26 receives voltage half-waves from the buses

5 19 and 21 through the chains of resistor 27 and diode 31 and resistor 29 and diode 32, respectively. After opening contact 9 of the contactor, contact 12 closes, which switches the voltage supply circuit to

0 relay 13. In this case, the switching contact 34 of this relay connects the capacitor 35 to the bus 19. For example, the moment of connecting the capacitor 35 to the bus 19 came at the time TI (Fig. 4 c). AT

5, in this case, the triac 8 was already in a conducting state from the action of the control pulse generated by the phasic-shifting unit 26 when the voltage applied to its input was removed from the bus 19.

The capacitor 35 is charged with a voltage of 11-5 (Fig. 4 g), taken from the buses 17 and 19. After the mains voltage passes through zero, the triac 8 is locked. The phase-shifting unit 26 can generate the next control pulse to simist 8 by applying the voltage of bus 21 to its input.

However, due to the application of the positive voltage UZZ to the base of the transistor 30 from the capacitor 35 charged in the previous half-cycle, the transistor 30 is open and by its emitter-collector transition shunts the input of block 26. Thus, in the next half-cycle, the voltage of the unlocking pulse is zero at the sine wave at Triac 8 from block 26 will not arrive. The result is a phase pause + a (Fig. 4 g). Danna pause + o. causes the presence of voltage Us (Fig. 4 e) on the triac 8, which is applied through the resistor 50, the rectifier bridge 51, the dynistor 52, and the resistor 54 to the capacitor 55, and through the resistor 56 to the LED 47.1 of the optocoupler 47. As a result, the photothyristor op - the throne 47 is triggered - it opens and through the diode 46 shunts the voltage circuit applied to the base of the transistor 30. The transistor 30 closes by unmounting the input of the block 26. Block 2b generates a control signal to the thyristor 7, which commutates the control current circuit of the triac 8. Thus, triac 8 opens with phase angle + a (Fig. 4 g). Since the capacitor 35 is energized by the voltage of the bus 19, the photothyristor of the optocoupler 47 will be open until the current through it decreases below the holding value, and this will happen only when the key 11 is opened, i.e. when de-energizing the relay 13.

In this case, the contact 34 disconnects the capacitor 35 from the bus 19. Disconnecting the key 11 returns the contact 9 of the contactor 10 to its original position. To transfer the operation of power receivers 4 from Mode 2 to Mode 1, the control key 11 is moved to position b. In this case, the contactor 9 first trips, unloading the triac 8. The tripped triac 8 operates with a control angle of 0. After opening contact 9, the contact 12 of this contactor closes. When contact 12 closes, the voltage of the power supply is applied to the relay coil 14. The relay 14 switches its contact 37. For example, switching the contact 37 - connecting the capacitor 38 to the bus 21 through the contact 37 and the resistor 36 occurs at the time Ta, when the triac 8 is in full conduction mode. The capacitor 38 is charged to voltage (Fig. 4 e). This voltage Uze through the diode 39, the resistors 40 and 41 is applied to the base 5 of the transistor 38. After locking the triac 8 at the zero of the sine wave of the mains voltage Ui in the next half-cycle, the phase-shifting unit 26 cannot generate a trigger pulse to the thyristor 7 when

0 to the action of the voltage Dig of the bus 19, since the transistor 28 bypasses the control input of the block 26 connected to the bus 19. Since the thyristor 7 did not apply a control voltage to the triac 8, the latter turned out to be closed.

On a closed triac, form a voltage - Us (Fig. 4 c). This voltage according to the technology described above acts on the LED 47.1, which includes

0 phototyristor of the optocoupler 47. The photothyristor of the optocoupler 47 bypasses the control circuit of the transistor 28. The transistor 28 is closed and a voltage is applied to the control input of the block 26 through the resistor 27 and the diode 31

5 which causes the formation of a control pulse to open the thyristor 7. When the thyristor 7 is opened, the control current is applied to the triac 8, which opens with a phase pause - a (Fig. 4 g). AT

0 further triac 8 operates in full conduction mode. Key 11 is in the neutral position. In this case, pin 9 shunts the triac 8, and pin 12 blurs the power circuit of the relay 14, the drive circuit

5 former to the initial state. At. the formation of the control signal + in the wires of the network 2 in the pulse selector 57 (Fig. 3) triggers the optocoupler 60, causing the relay 58 to turn on, which opens

0 contact 63, transfer the power receiver 4 from Mode 1 - rated power RNom - to Mode 2 - reduced power Rmin (Fig.4 h). When a control signal is generated in the wires of the network 2, then. in the pulse selector 57, the optocoupler 61 is triggered. The photothyristor which, included in the buffer circuit of the coil of the relay 58, is unlocked, and the optocoupler 60 is blocked.

0 Thus, when the control signal is generated - and the relay coil 58 is de-energized, and the contacts 63 of this relay are closed, the load element 62.1 is switched to Mode 1 - rated mode

5 power RNOM (Fig.4 h). The LEDs 60.1 and 61.1 are triggered when the current in the charge circuit of the capacitor 64 increases. Since the current in the capacitor circuit 64 is increased, the current through the LEDs 60.1 and 61.1 is regulated by the photoconductors 69.1 and 69.2 of the optocoupler 69. In this case, when the mains voltage increases, the luminous flux of the optocoupler emitter 69 increases and the values of the photoresistors 69.1 and 69.2 decrease, which causes an automatic decrease in the current through the LEDs 61.1 and 60.1. warning false triggering of the optocouplers 60 and 61. When the voltage of the network decreases below the nominal value, the light flux of the optocoupler emitter 69 decreases, while the resistance of the photoconductors 69.1 and 69.2 increases and, therefore, their shunting effect on the LEDs 61.1 and 60.1 of the optocouplers 61 and 60 , increasing their sensitivity in this network mode.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A device for transmitting control signals in a power supply network, comprising a control signal generator and electric receivers connected to the network wires, the control signal generator has a relay, a transformer with a primary winding connected to a phase wire and a zero potential bus, and two secondary windings, the first of which, through a stabilized power supply and a thyristor, it is connected to the control input of a simistor installed between the power supply pole and the phase conductor ohm of the network, the triac is bridged by the opening contact of the contactor, the coil of the contactor is connected to the zero potential bus by the first output, the second secondary winding of the transformer has a middle output connected to the common negative power bus, the first and second outputs of the second secondary winding of the transformer through chains of series-connected first diodes and the first ballast resistor and the second diode and the second ballast resistor are connected to the first and second positive power lines, respectively, the anodes p the first and second zener diodes are connected respectively to the first and second positive power lines, the cathodes are connected to the negative power line, the positive pole of the phase-shifting unit is connected to the anodes of the third and fourth diodes, the cathodes of which are connected respectively to the first and second positive power lines, the negative pole is phase-shifting the unit is connected to a common negative power bus, the first terminals of the first and second control resistors are connected to the first and second positive power buses accordingly, the first output of the phase-shifting unit is connected to the thyristor control input, the fifth and sixth diodes, the power receiver includes a series circuit of load and ballast elements connected to the phase wires of the network, the ballast element is shunted by the contacts of the executive relay, the coil of the executive relay is connected 0 through the photo thyristor of the first optocoupler to the poles of the direct current of the rectifier bridge connected by the poles of the alternating current with the phase wires of the network, connected in parallel to the relay coil 5 photothyristor of the second optocoupler, a signal selector is connected to the phase wires of the network, containing the first resistor and capacitor, in parallel with which it is counter-parallel with the first and second The emitters of the first and second optocouplers are included with 0 diodes, characterized in that, in order to increase the functional reliability of the device, a seventh is introduced into the driver of control signals 5 eighth, ninth and tenth diodes, first and second transistors, first, second and third capacitors, first and second charge resistors, first, second, third and fourth base resistors, third ballast resistor, rectifier bridge, dinistor, third zener diode, first and second limiting resistors, optocoupler, second relay, first and second relays have switching contacts, contactor 5 comprises an auxiliary make contact, a two-pole three-position control key, the first and second switching poles of the control key are combined and connected to a phase wire of the network; 0 the first and second make contacts of the first pole of the control key are connected to the second terminal of the coil of the contactor, the first conclusions of the coils of the first and second relays are combined and connected through the contact of the contactor 5 to the first output of the coil of the contactor, the second pin of the coil of the first relay is connected to the first make contact of the second pole of the key control, the second output of the second relay coil is connected to the second make contact of the second pole of the control key, the negative plates of the first and second capacitors are connected to the common negative bus, opto-thyristor cathode optocoupler combined with emitters of the first and second transistors, the collector of the first transistor is connected to the junction point of the anode of the fifth diode with the second output of the first control resistor, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the point the connection of the anode of the sixth diode with the second output of the control resistor, the base of the first transistor is connected through a series of second and first base resistors to the cathode of the eighth diode, the cathodes of the ninth and tenth diodes are connected to the anode of the optocoupler thyristor, the anodes of the fifth and sixth diodes are connected to the second terminal of the phase-shifting unit, the anode of the ninth diode is connected to the connection point of the first and second base resistors, the anode of the tenth diode is connected to the connection point of the third and fourth base resistors; the anode of the eighth diode is connected to the connection point of the positive cover of the first capacitor with the switching contact of the first relay, the anode of the seventh diode is connected to the connection point of the switching contact of the second relay and the positive contact of the second relay, the closing pole of the switching contact of the first relay is connected to the first terminal of the first charging resistor, closing the pole of the switching contact of the second relay is connected to the first terminal of the second charge resistor, the disconnecting poles of the switching contacts ervogo and second relays are coupled and connected to the negative supply rail, the second terminals the first and second charge resistors are connected to the first and second positive buses, respectively, the ac poles of the rectifier bridge through the third ballast resistor are connected parallel to the triac, the positive pole of the rectifier bridge through a series of dynistor, the first and second limiting resistors are connected to the anode of the optocoupler LED , the anode of the third zener diode is connected to the negative pole of the rectifier bridge, the negative lining of the third capacitor and the cathode are light the optocoupler diode, the cathode of the third stabilizer is connected to the junction point of the dynistor cathode with the first output of the limiting resistor, the positive lining of the capacitor is connected to the junction of the first and second limiting resistors, a second resistor and a third optocoupler are inserted into the signal selector, the first output of the optocoupler emitter is connected to the first network wire through a second resistor, the first photoconductor optocoupler is connected in parallel to the LED of the first optocoupler, the second photoconductor of the third optocoupler is connected in parallel the LED of the second optocoupler, the second output of the optocoupler emitter is connected to the negative capacitor plate, Figure 1 FIG. I Fig.Z Re m 1 Mode 2 Mode J