RU1831325C - Obstetric forceps for extraction of foetus humeri - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgical instruments, and can be used in obstetrics during obstetrics. The essence of the invention consists in the implementation of the working element of the forceps - grab, instead of a spoon - a hollow cylinder, in which 80-90 ° there is no lateral surface along the vertical axis. The grip is used to place it on the shoulders, into the armpit and bring them inside. The swivel of branches (branches) is located at an equal distance from the ends of the forceps, and the distal ends are deflected outwards and downwards by 40-50, the branches from the swivel towards the distal ends are deflected outwards by 10-15 °, the height and diameter of the hollow truncated cylinder (capture) are respectively 3.5 to 4 cm. 1 C. z.ft., 1 sludge.

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgical instruments, and can be used in obstetrics during obstetrics.,

The purpose of the invention is to provide a reduction in the inside of the shoulder girdle for subsequent traction of the fetus after the shoulder girdle.

The goal is achieved by making the working element of the forceps in the form of a hollow cylinder, truncated along the vertical axis by 80-90 °, which is inserted into the birth canal and fixed in the axillary hollows of the fetus. The forceps have a hinge located in the middle of the upper to provide control of the efforts on the fetus when it is removed, and the branches at the distal ends are deflected outward and downward by 40-50 °.

The working element of the forceps is made in accordance with the anatomical dimensions of the fetus and the birth canal, its height

and the diameter is 3.5-4 cm, the branches from the arms are bent outwardly by 10-15 °, and their second bend is equidistant from the working element and the hinge.

The invention allows to reduce the mortality rate of newborns with difficult internal rotation and removal of the shoulders of the fetus, to improve the working conditions of the obstetrician-gynecologist, to shorten the birth period, and to injure the child during childbirth.

The drawing shows the proposed forceps. .

The tongs contain the following elements of the handle handle 1 of the tongs, branches 2, swivel 3, working elements (grips), hooks 5, Bush.

Nippers are used as follows.

The operator introduces 2 obstetric forceps in turn. When capturing 4 through

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the vulvar ring, a truncated grip portion 4 slides over the upper surface of the fetal shoulder from the neck to the shoulder, while the grip axis is perpendicular to the fetal shoulder. Then, the grip 4 5 is rotated so that its axis becomes parallel to the shoulder, and the cylinder cut is adjacent to the outer surface of the shoulder. -. Then, through the slot, the shoulder is inserted into the grasp 4 and the branch 2 of the forceps is rotated about the axis G of the grasp by about 100 °, so that the slot is turned anteriorly by 10-15 ° relative to the fetus.

After introducing the branches of the forceps, the operator closes the swivel 3 arms 15 to the current 1, Bush hooks 5 serve to reduce the degree of risk during insertion.

After introducing both branches of the forceps, the operator closes the articulation so that the branches of the forceps pass 20 past the nape of the fetus.

Extraction. The operator squeezes the handles 1, remembering that an equivalent force is transmitted to the shoulder of the fetus, and begins to gently pull the handles 1 25 onto itself. In this case, the grips 4 tightly enter the axillary hollows, and the proximal end of the fetal shoulder (s) is brought inside.

When making an internal rotation of 30 shoulders, the operator squeezes the longitudinal part of the grip 1 with one hand and, with the other hand, rotates the forceps along the axis of the grip along the axis of the spinal column of the fetus in the corresponding direction, depending on the position of the fetus.

Upon completion of the internal rotation of the shoulders, the operator applies the same force to the arms, makes a traction on himself, alternately pulling the fetal shoulders back 40, then front.

The ratio of the sizes of branches, work elements, bends of the branches was chosen by the author adequately through the birth canal, which ensures a reduction in trauma and is a necessary and sufficient condition for capture, fixation and traction of the humerus.

Thus, according to the author, the proposed device can provide a solution to an extremely urgent problem - fetal excretion, provided that the size of the shoulder girdle exceeds the size of the head. Using the device allows to reduce the lethality of the outcome of childbirth, improves the working conditions of the obstetrician-gynecologist, reduces the birth period, and injuries to the mother and child.

Claims (2)

1. Obstetric forceps for extraction of the fetal shoulder, containing articulated branches with working elements at the distal ends and bundles, characterized in that, in order to reduce the shoulder on removing the fetus from the birth canal, the shoulders of the fetus inside the institution and its fixation in the axillary hollows is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, truncated along the vertical axis by 80-90 °, the hinge being located in the middle of the branches to provide control of efforts on the fetus, and the branches on the distal Onze outwards and downwards to 40-50 °. 2. Nippers according to claim 1, including the fact that, in accordance with the anatomical dimensions of the fetal head and the birth canal, the height and diameter of the working element are 3.5–4 branches from the arm the current is bent outwardly by 10-15 °, and their second bend is equidistant from the working element and the swivel. ssh: