RU1828393C - Method of processing feed mixture and mobile feed processing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: mechanization of agriculture, in particular animal feed preparation machines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a method for preparing a feed mixture includes grinding each feed component, which is fed into a mixer hopper in the area of the front wall of the unit along a curved path. For the implementation of the method, a mobile feed preparation unit was used, comprising a truck mounted loader, receiving hopper, choppers, mixer hopper, feeder hoppers, between which a divider is mounted, having a lever that is pivotally connected to the hydraulic cylinder, while the front wall of the mixer hopper is made curved, 2 s.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the mechanization of agricultural production, in particular machines and methods for preparing animal feed,

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the mixture and improve the dosage of feed to the choppers.

The method of preparing the feed mixture is carried out by sequential feeding, one component of the feed is introduced into another, then the subsequent component is already introduced into the mixture of two feed components before mixing all the feed components.

In FIG. 1 shows a mobile feed preparation unit, side view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 1.

The mobile feed preparation unit includes a hopper-mixer 1 (Fig. 1), a hopper-feeder for stalk feed 2, a hopper-feeder for root crops 3, de-OO dliner 4 (Fig. 2, 3), a shredder for stalk-fodder feed 5, a shredder 00 root crops 6, a cabinet of chain transfer Ј / J dachas 7 (Fig. 1), a loader 8, a trolley 9 and an extraction conveyor 10. (

The bunker-mixer 1 includes horizontally mounted auger, the upper augers чh 11 of which are located at the side walls of the bunker-mixer 1, and the unloading Сл5 auger 12 is located in its bottom 13. The front wall 14 of the bunker-mixer is made of a set of interfaced between itself and its bottom 13 curved elements and is equipped with a feed flow divider 15 and a guide device 16, which is installed

on the shaft of the unloading auger 12 and is adjacent to the lower part of the divider 15. The feed flow divider 15 is made in the form of a curved rib, and the guiding device 16 in the form of a truncated cone. The spiral winding length of the upper screws 11 is made smaller than the length of their shafts, and the spiral winding of the unloading screw 12 is made extending to the interface between the curved elements of the front wall 14 and the bottom 13 of the mixer hopper 1. An unloading window is made in the side wall of the mixer hopper 1 17 with shutter 18.

The feed hopper of the stalk feed 2 includes a metering screw 19 having opposite windings. A window 20 is made at the bottom of the feed hopper 2. Under the window 20, a feed chopper 5 with a counter plate 21 is mounted. The chopper 5 is rotated from the chain drive cabinet 7 by means of a tensioner 22, a belt drive 23 and an overrunning clutch 24.

The root feed hopper 3 includes a sink 25, consisting of a hollow shaft 26, on which the fingers 27 are rigidly mounted along a helical line. At the end of the hollow shaft 26, a firewood 28 is installed, the working bodies of which are the blades 29. A window 30 with a guide sleeve 31 is made in the side wall of the root crop hopper 3 in the zone of the firewood 28. Underneath the guide sleeve 31, a root chopper 6 is installed with a counter plate 21. The root crop chopper 6 receives rotation from the chain gear cabinet 7 by means of a tensioning device 22, a belt drive 23 and an overrunning clutch 24..

A divider 4 is made between the hopper-feeder of the stalk feed 2 and the hopper-feeder of root crops 3, which is rigidly fixed to the shaft 32, and the lever 33 is rigidly attached to the shaft 32. The shaft 33 of the divider 4 is mounted in hinges 34. Transfer the divider 4 from position I to position II and vice versa are performed under the action of a hydraulic cylinder 35, which is connected by a hinge 36 to the lever 33, and the latter is rigidly fixed to the shaft 32 of the divider 4. The divider 4 allows you to destroy the feed formation in the feed hoppers 2 and 3 by pressing the feed to dosing screw 19 and to the fingers 27 of the sink 25, thereby ensuring uniform dosing of feed to the feed choppers, in addition, the divider 4 allows you to increase the volume of feed hoppers.

The trailing machine is aggregated with an MTZ-80/82 tractor. The drive of the working bodies is carried out from the power take-off shaft (PTO) and the tractor hydraulic system.

Mobile feed preparation unit operates as follows.

The mobile feed preparation unit is transported by tractor to the storage location of the straw. The loader 7 (Fig. 1) is brought out of the transport state into working condition. Divider 4 (Fig. 2) set

0 under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 35, by means of the hinge 36, the lever 33 to position 1. From the feed storage the straw loader 7 (Fig. 1) is loaded into the feed hopper of the stalk feed 2 in the amount necessary for one feeding. Under the action of the metering screw 19, the straw is fed through the window 20 (Fig. 2) of the hopper-feeder of the stalked feed 2. First, by means of the tensioning device 22, the belt drive 23 and the overrunning clutch 24, the stalk feed chopper 5 is turned on. Crushed straw under the action of centrifugal forces enters the unloading screw 12, and the last in its

Stage 5 transports it to the hopper-mixer 1. In the process of dosing straw with a metering screw 19 for the purpose of uniform dosing, under the influence of the hydraulic cylinder 35, hinge 36, lever 33 and shaft 32

0, the feed is prepressed to the metering auger 19, which ensures uniform dosing, transferring the divider 4 from position I to position II and vice versa. This operation is carried out simultaneously with the operation of the loader, which alternately feeds the feed.

After loading the straw, chopping 22, the loader 7 is installed in a transport state and moves to the place of storage of the silo.

0 The process of loading, grinding and feeding silage into the hopper-mixer 1 is similar to straw.

After preparation of the silo, the unit is moved to the storage location of root crops.

5 Previously, the divider 4 under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 35, by means of the hinge 36, of the lever 33 is set to position I. In the hopper-feeder of root crops 3 pour water (in the cold season warm from the bark of the cocks). Then, by means of the tensioning device 22, the belt drive 23 and the freewheel 24, the root crop chopper is put into operation. Then the loader 7 (Fig. 1) carry out loading

5 the required number of root crops per one distribution in the hopper-feeder of root crops 3 (Fig. 2). Under the action of the fingers 27 rigidly installed along a helical line on the hollow shaft 26 of the sink 25, the root crops are washed and transported to the firewood 28.

Root crops by means of the blades 29, the flails 28 are fed into the window 30 and fed to the root crop chopper 6 along the guiding sleeve 31. Then, the crushed mass under the action of centrifugal forces enters the unloading auger 12, and the latter in turn transports it to the hopper-mixer 1 The root crops are pressed under the action of a hydraulic cylinder 35, a hinge 36, a lever 33 and a shaft 32, transferring the divider 4 from position II to position I and back,

Then the unit is moved to the place of storage of concentrated feed, which is loaded directly into the hopper mixer 1 using a loader equipped with a bucket (or a feed hopper for concentrated feed dispenser DK-10).

The movement of the mass in the hopper-mixer 1 is carried out as follows. The feed stream under the action of the discharge screw 12 is divided by a guide device 16 and a divider 15 into two equal flows, which are directed along the curved elements of the front wall 14 to the upper screws 11. The upper screws 11 capture the mass of feed and direct it along the side walls of the hopper -mixer 1. The length of the spiral winding of the upper screws 11 is made smaller than the length of their shafts, so the mass of feed under its own weight falls on the unloading screw 12. Then the unit is moved to the livestock building. When the mobile feed preparation unit moves along the aft passage, the shutter 18 of the discharge window 17 is opened and the finished feed mixture is fed to the feed by means of the discharge conveyor 10.

Mobile feed preparation unit and method of preparation of feed mixture allows even distribution

feed components throughout the entire feed mixture and get a homogeneous mixture with its high quality. Moreover, the introduction of the subsequent component of the feed in

the previous and a mixture of two or more feed components allows to improve the quality of the mixture and to reduce the mixing time during which the feed components are abraded, broken, split and juice saturated with dry stalked and concentrated feeds.

Claims (2)

1. A method of preparing a feed mixture, including self-loading components feed to the feed preparation unit, their uniform dosing to the choppers and the sequential feed of feed components into the bunker-mixer, in which one component is introduced feed in another, then subsequent component, into a mixture of two components before mixing all the feed components, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the mixture, each crushed feed component from the chopper is fed into the mixer hopper in the area of the front wall of the unit along a curved path. 2. A mobile feed preparation unit containing a trolley, a hopper-mixer, a loader, feed hoppers, between which a divider, a feed hopper, choppers of stalked feed and root crops, an unloading conveyor, and a part of the unloading auger are placed with the possibility of transferring from one position to another under the feed hoppers and feed choppers, characterized in that the divider is equipped with a lever pivotally connected to the hydraulic cylinder, while the front wall of the mixer hopper is made cree wavy. And about N View b Fig.Z