RU1826898C - Method and device for increasing personъs working capacity - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in medicine for reflexology and correction of the functional state of a person. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: around at least two selected 31 organic compounds (active zones of the skin, a constant local temperature field is created against which periodically warm and young malt irritation of the biological zones of the active zones takes place. In this case, the frequency and intensity of thermal and cold influences1 are chosen below the maximum distinguishable by the subject, the device contains a microthermoelectric element 1 of the type of Peltier element with a heater 2 glued on it, a temperature measuring transducer in the form of a resistor which is connected to a four-arm bridge 3, the outputs and inputs of which are connected to a thermostat 4, a normally closed contact 5, a relay 6 a variable resistor 7, a powerful amplifier 8, a switch 9, a controlled current regulator 10, a current direction switch 11 , multivibrator 12, respiratory sensor 13, amplifier-limiter 14, cooler 15 for the tube, temperature meter 16, temperature indicator 17, 2 pp and 2 zp filters, 2 ill., 3 tab. ate gstvaK "w & Os N3 Yu СО Phys. 1

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to reflexology, and can be used to improve a person's working capacity and to correct his functional state.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the time of the procedure.

Thus, the goal is achieved by the fact that within 5 minutes there is a periodic thermal and cold irritation of not the active points, but the biologically active zones (BAS) of the skin with a frequency not exceeding the critical level of their separate subjective perception against the background of simultaneously created the surrounding area of the local temperature floor. The size of the local floor reaches 10-12 sq.cm, the size of the impact on the BAS is up to 4 sq.cm. In this case, the frequency of alternation of thermal and cold stimuli is carried out both in hard mode and in the rhythm of breathing with the possibility of individually selecting a combination of thermal and cold effects with phases (inhalation - exhalation) of respiration, and the intensity of thermoreceptor irritations in each of the respiration phases is individually selected the dynamics of skin temperature, taking into account the criteria: safety - subjectively limit b- :: th tolerated exposure, heat and cold.

The positive effect of the proposed method is achieved due to:

1) Increasing the area of impact on the BAS to 4 cm2;

2) The use of an additional procedure is the creation of a local temperature field around the BAZ, which allows:

- increase the activity of thermal receptors during cooling or cold when heated, and thereby prevent adaptation of the receptors in the BAS and carry out directional correction of the functional state of the body according to the inhibitory (the predominance of the activity of thermal receptors) and excitatory type (when the activity of the cold receptors predominates) and increase the contrast subjectively perceived thermal pulsations, which indicates an increase in the intensity of stimulation of the receptors due to the manifestation of the hysteresis effect. Due to this, subjective perception of thermal pulsations is ensured with a high frequency, which contributes to an increase in sensory flow entering the central nervous system,

According to the authors, not only segmental reactions are manifested during sensory-endocrine activation of the human body, but also a certain neurohumoral background is formed, which ensures a change in the functioning conditions of the whole organism.

Differences from the known method in the proposal are that when exposed to biologically active points, the effect is perceived as an injection, while the effect on biologically active areas (located, for example, on the forehead and in the seventh vertebra) provides adequate perception of the irritant, causes sensory-endocrine activation of the body due to the involvement of not only subcortical structures (as is the case in the prototype method), but also the cerebral cortex.

In order to increase the contrast perception of the temperature irritant, stabilization was introduced at a predetermined level of skin temperature in the zone surrounding the irritant. This technique is necessary to increase the efficiency of thermal exposures, and also significantly expands the possibilities of the method for correcting the functional state of an organism. The proposed method and device that implements it; can find application. in all areas of human activity, in the presence of monotonous

a component to enhance performance and perceptual activity. It is the thermal contrast effects on biologically active zones that can cause as a positive increase in working capacity

human, and the suppression of its activity, therefore, in the proposed method and device that implements it, adjustable and controlled levels of thermal contrast exposure are applied, equivalent to

distinct individually distinguishable sensations of heat and cold. Negative effects or consequences arising from the results of exposure to the human body were not found.

5 in FIG. presents a structural block diagram of a device that implements the proposed method; figure 2 - timing diagrams of signals at various points of the device.

0 A device that implements the proposed method contains a microthermoelectric element 1 of the type of a Peltier element with a heater 2 glued on it, a temperature measuring transducer in

5 is a form of a resistor, the outputs of which are connected to a four-arm bridge 3, the outputs and inputs of which are connected to a thermostat 4, normally open contact 5, relay b, a variable resistor 7, a powerful amplifier 8, a switch 9, controlled

a current stabilizer 10, a current direction switch 11, a multivibrator 12, a breathing sensor 13, a restriction amplifier 14, a tube cooler 15, a temperature meter 16 with an indicator.

In this case, microelectric elements 1 made in the form of standard elements of the TEMO-4 type are connected to the desired number (from two or more) applicators electrically in series and are supplied with direct current from an external power source through a control current stabilizer 10 and a current direction switch 11 . A resistive heater 2 is glued to each microthermoelectric element 1 through a thin insulating (e.g., mica) gasket, and a resistive temperature transducer, which is one of the arms of the bridge 3, is also attached (glued). All resistive heaters 2 are connected in series to an external power source and to the powerful key output of thermostat 4, parallel to the inputs of which a temperature meter 16 is connected, the output of which is connected to the indicator 17. In parallel with one of the arms of the bridge 3, a variable a resistor 7 connected to the bridge 3 through a normally open contact 5 of the electromagnetic relay 6, which is connected from the external power source to the output of a powerful amplifier 8, the input of which is connected to the output of the switch 9, the first of which is connected to the output of the controlled multivibrator 12, and the second is connected to the output of the breathing sensor 13 and the amplifier-limiter 14 connected in series.

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

Thermal applicators are applied to the human body, such as the forehead and the 7th ring, which, when turned on, create a certain temperature background at the point of contact. The level of the temperature background is regulated and set using blocks 10.11, and the temperature is controlled using blocks 16, 17. After turning on the heater 2, its temperature quickly rises to a level that is set by choosing the shoulders of the resistive bridge 3 and is maintained with fairly high accuracy with using thermostat 4. When the contact of relay 6 is closed, the variable resistor 7 is connected in parallel to one of the shoulders of the bridge 3, the balance of resistances of which is violated, the thermostat 4 is turned off and the heater azhdaets to a temperature at which the balance is restored, and thermoregulatory torus 4 enters the maintenance of the temperature regime at a new level. Using a resistor 7, the temperature of the lower level is regulated, and the duration of 5 being in a given thermal mode is determined by the duration of the signal on the sequentially connected units 9, 8, 6, while using multivibrator 12, the frequency of temperature pulsations can be selected and adjustable from 0.7 to 10 s. When using a sensor 13 and an amplifier-limiter 14, the frequency of thermal pulsations is determined by the frequency and duration of a person’s inhalation or expiration (depending on what the breathing sensor 13 is configured for).

The device operates as follows: thermoapplicators made in the form of microthermoelectric elements 1

0 Peltier type TEMO-4, interconnected, are connected in series to the power supply network and liquid cooling network. When the power source is turned on with the help of a controllable current stabilizer 10, the temperature on the working surface of the thermal applicator is set and controlled by units 16.17. Since the requirements for accuracy of temperature maintenance are not high (± 2 degrees Celsius),

0 then one of the thermoapplicators is enough to control, because the working current passes through them the same. Simultaneously with the inclusion of microthermoelectric elements 1 Pelye is the inclusion

5 heaters located on them 2. Heater 2 is a resistive element glued to the working plane of the microthermoelectric element 1 through a thin-layer insulator; simultaneously, a temperature measuring transducer in the form of a thermistor connected in one of four arms is glued to the resistive layer of heater 2 bridge 3. Signal mismatch from

5 of the measuring bridge 3 enters the input of the passive temperature controller 4, which turns on the heater 2, provided that the temperature of the heater is below the specified levels, which are determined by the ratio of the shoulders of the bridge 3 and the value of the resistor 7, and turns off the heater 2 if the temperature of the heater is above the specified level .

The frequency of turning on and off the temperature controller 4 at the control point may be about 5 Hz, the accuracy of maintaining it is 0.01 ° C, and the time to reach the set mode after switching on 0.4-0.5 s Thus, if If one of the shoulders of the four-arm bridge is to be shunted, then the thermostat 4 will monitor these changes, provided that the rate of change of these shoulders is not higher than 0.5 s. To control the mode of changing the temperature of the heater, a variable resistor 7 is introduced, which is connected parallel to the shoulder of the bridge 3 using terminal 5 of relay 6. Relay 6 must periodically turn on and off terminal 5. in this case, the temperature of the heater will be periodically set at one or the other level. By adjusting the value of the resistor 7, it is possible to achieve the case when the temperature of the heater acting as an irritant changes abruptly to a predetermined level relative to the background temperature created by the microthermoelectric element 1. The working area of element 1 is 10-18 sq. Cm, working the area of the heater is 4 square meters. see. To create a pulsating mode of thermal application, the signal from the multivibrator 12, adjustable in duration, is fed through switch 9 to the input of a powerful amplifier 8, which controls relay 6. To control the temperature regime with a breathing rate, the signal from the breathing sensor 13 is fed to the input of the amplifier-limiter , which controls, through the switch, 9, a powerful amplifier 8. When inhaling, for example, the limiter amplifier 14 generates a positive polarity signal, which turns on the amplifier 8 and keeps the relay 6 on state, in this case, the balance of the resistances of the bridge 3 is violated, the temperature regulator is turned on, the heater is warming up, while the balance of the resistances of the bridge 3 is restored and the temperature regulator starts to maintain this state until the relay 6 turns off. When the relay 6. turns off the resistance of the bridge 3 is again violated, the thermostat 4 is turned off, the temperature of the heater 2 due to its small size and low inertia quickly drops to the temperature of the element 1. As soon as the relay 6 is turned on, the rise and Temperature-regulation is repeated. The frequency of switching the relay on and off is determined by the breathing rate in one switch mode, and in the second mode, by the switching frequency of the multivibrator.

Thus, the proposed technical solution provides a thermal effect on a significantly larger size (50-200 times) in area than the impact zone in the prototype, while the zone of thermal cyclic effects is surrounded by a zone of stabilized temperature.

The effect of the proposed solution is due to the fact that on the one hand, the mechanisms of partitioning are activated - the braking of various functions

organism through BAS according to the type of segmental reactions, and on the other hand, it allows you to control the level of activation of thermoregulatory centers. As a result of this, the guillotolamo-pituitary-andrenaline system, which facilitates the formation of adaptive reactions of the human body according to the type of inhibition, activation or normalization in response, can be transferred to the necessary stage, for example,

5 on the impact of various factors. An additional stabilization of the skin temperature around the affected area allows one to obtain a hysteresis effect and provides an increase in the intensity subjectively

0 perceived temperature sensations and forms not only local, but also hyperlized reactions of the organism of inhibitory or exciting type according to the mechanism of sensory-endocrine activation.

5 In this case, the correction of the functional state of a person in the necessary direction is achieved by selecting a cold or thermal regime of thermal action.

The implementation of the proposed method and

0 experimental test results.

The tests were carried out according to the method according to which the test subjects were immediately exposed to thermocontrast before work according to the proposed method for 10-15 minutes. Thermal applicators were located in the forehead and the seventh cervical vertebra. The thermal regime of the applicator was carried out as follows: in the central part

0 (BAS), thermal pulsations occurred in the rhythm of respiration, namely, cold irritation at the inspiratory phase at a temperature of 25 ° C, thermal irritation at the exhalation phase at a temperature of 28 ° C, was maintained in the surrounding area

5 temperature 18 ° С.

Subjective assessments of the impact of the proposed method and the performance of subjects for 6-8 hours were distributed as follows:

0 positive rating - 8 people (80%) lack of rating - 2 people (20%) negative rating - 0 people (0%) There was an objective reduction in work errors by 10% -15%.

5 At the same time, the indicators of the functional state of the body recorded in subjects within 6 hours were characterized by the following changes: an increase in heart rate by 3% -5%, an increase in pulse arterial pressure by 10% -15%, stroke volume of the heart by 7% -10%, as well as the RWC170 test by 20% after 6 hours after stimulation and by 7% after 24 hours, a reduction in the sensorimotor reaction time by 3% -8%, the amount of processed information increased by 3% -7%.

A control study was conducted of the dynamics of indicators of the functional state of the organism and working capacity during 6 hours of duty in 10 subjects.

The measurement gave the following results (Table 1).

The dosage of heat exposure was selected so that the test subjects - young people at the age of 20 years, clearly distinguish between thermal pulsation. This testified to the adequacy of the impact. After the procedure, the subjects performed operator work behind the display, against which periodically they determined the indicators of functional state and working capacity by test loads: physical according to RWC170 test, and mental by sensorimotor reactions, as well as error-free operation time to differentiate the signals presented to the test subject on the display of the device for complex psychophysiological studies Physiologist.

EXAMPLE 1. In the forehead area, a thermocontrast effect was applied with an applicator over an area of 4 cm 2 in the rhythm of respiration. The exposure of cold (25 ° C) and heat (28 ° C) varied and corresponded to the actual duration of inspiration and expiration, respectively. In the surrounding area, the temperature was maintained at 18 ° C. The total exposure time was 10 minutes,

The measurement of the indicators of the functional state and working capacity during the 8-hour standby after exposure gave the following results (Table 2).

EXAMPLE 2. Thermal contrast was applied by an applicator in the forehead over an area of 4 cm2 in the hard mode of a cold sequence (25.2 ° C, 2 s) of heat (28 ° C, 1 s). In the surrounding area, the temperature was maintained at 18 ° C. Total exposure time 10 min. Measurement of the indicators of the functional state and working capacity during the 6-hour duty after exposure gave the following results (Table 3).

Comparison of the obtained data made it possible to reveal the longest reaction of the temperature effect in the third series of experiments, which

indicates the presence of a positive effect of the present invention.

Claims (4)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 51. A method of improving human performance, including exposure to the skin, characterized in that, in order to reduce the time of the procedure, the effect is applied to at least two biologically active zones, while periodically, against the background of the local temperature field, thermal and cold stress, the frequency of which is chosen 5-10% below the maximum distinguishable, 5 intensity of exposure - below the level of pain 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency of thermal and cold exposure is synchronized with the respiratory rate. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the effect is on the forehead and the seventh cervical vertebra. 4. A device for increasing human performance 5, comprising a power source connected via a current regulator to a switching unit and a temperature action circuit, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of maintaining the temperature effects, a four-arm measuring bridge and a meter are introduced into it temperature with indicator, variable resistor, power amplifier, limiter amplifier, switch5, control multivibrator, breathing sensor, electromagnetic relay with normally open contact, the temperature action circuit is made in the form of two or more sequentially connected Peltier elements with resistive heaters and a temperature converter, which is one of the arms of the four-arm, mounted on them through a thin-film insulator 5 of the bridge, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the inputs of the temperature controller and the temperature meter, the first and second outputs of the temperature controller, respectively, are connected to the inputs of the four-arm bridge, the second input of which is connected through a series-connected variable resistor, a normally open contact of the electromagnetic relay with the first input of the temperature controller, the third output of which is connected to the output of series-connected resistive heaters, the coil of the electromagnetic relay is connected through a power source output power amplifier, a control input coupled to an output of the switch, the first the input of which is connected to the output of the control multivibrator, the second input of the switch is connected to series When the breathing sensor and the limiting amplifier are turned on, the input of the resistive heater is connected to the power source. Table 1 table 2 Table 3 Sdidox Example J Waveform mo fa mode Јл0 & /4 t Upper ugly control Robot o / ermoreyul / laura1 ЈГ5 .. AND // y w / yy / uroDem ppzy / wpoSxts LEVEL OF GRAN VOi / emoletur / Bkhta ff / (rfrfve # t / # de facto ff 1 I I i /; Continue tgb.G 160 ± N 274 ± 21 15 ±: .3 3 5 -I .. AND y w / ug / uroDem ppzy / w atur / flfil / M & p &