RU1824482C - Drainage/irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the invention relates to hydraulic structures for regulating the water regime of clayey, silty and loamy soils in agricultural production. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The drainage and humidification system is provided with closed collector-humidifiers 4 looped together and arranged perpendicular to the drains 6. Collectors 4 are hydraulically connected to drains G with layers 5 of filtering antisulphosion material. Humidifier collectors 4 are looped together and connected through transporting headers 8 to wells with water level controllers 9 located at the mouths of drainage collectors 7 having two-way access to open channels 1. When the groundwater level rises above a given drainage rate, excess water first, they are drained into drainage collectors 7, from where it is discharged through the wells-regulators of levels 9 with an open network, and then by a looped collector-humidifier network 4, by means of transporting the collector 8 to 9 wells and open channels i. 2 ill. ate with

Description

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The invention relates to hydraulic structures for regulating the water regime of clay, silty and loamy soils in agricultural production.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the cost of the system, increase the efficiency and reliability of the system when regulating the water-air regime of heavy and medium-sized soils and soils in sloping and steady areas.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a dehumidifier-exhaust system (section A - A in FIG. 2); in FIG. 2 - the same, oid from above. The drainage system includes open channels 1. arable horizon 2, enriched with sand, horizon 3, collectors-humidifiers A with transitional anti-suffusion layers 5. tubular drainage humidifiers 6. drainage 7 and short transporting 8 collectors, as well as regulator wells water levels 9 (figures 1 and 2). Humidifier collectors 4 are made in the form of trenches filled with medium or coarse-grained sand, looped together, and connected by short conveying collectors 8 to the well-regulators of the levels of the bottom 9 located at the mouth of the drainage collectors 7, which have a two-way outlet to the open channels 1. Transitional anti-suffusion layers 5 between the arable horizon 2 and the top of the collector-humidifiers 4 are linearly extended, and concentrated at the junctions of the latter with the drains-humidifiers 6. Arable horizon 2 is made with sand enrichment to the required filtration coefficient for moistening.

The proposed drainage and humidification system operates as follows.

When precipitation falls on the area of soils of medium composition, part of them is intercepted by open channels 1 of the other part is absorbed into the homogeneous composition of the arable horizon 2, enriched with sand. In this case, part of the absorbed water immediately enters the collectors-humidifiers 4, made of sand with an increased filtration coefficient, and enters the drains-humidifiers 6 that drain water through drainage collectors 7 and manholes 9 into open channels 1 Another part of the absorbed water also seeps into the humidification drains 6, but through the subsurface horizon 3. In the case of increased rainfall, the ringed

sand collectors-humidifiers 4 not only quickly pass water to drains-humidifiers 6. They also discharge its surpluses through short transporting collectors 8 into wellhead wells-regulators of water levels 9, from which it enters open channels 1.

In heavy soils, the subsurface horizon 3 makes it difficult or precludes the direct influx of water from the arable horizon 2 to the humidifier drains m because of its low permeability even with a minimum inter-drift distance. In this case, the entire volume of water,

5, the subsurface horizon 3 coming from a homogeneous horizon 2 has passed. It is discharged as a looped network of humidifier collectors 4 by means of transporting collectors 8 into well regulators of levels 9 and further into open

channels 1 and humidifier drains 6

through the drainage collectors 7, which

have two-way access to an open network.

In the case of the soil regime of the water supply of the drained territory and the rise of the groundwater level (HTW) above the set drainage rate, the excess water is first diverted by drains-humidifiers 6 to the drainage collectors 7, from where it is discharged through the level control wells 9 into the open the network, and then the looped network of collectors-humidifiers 4, by means of transporting collectors 8 into wells 9 and into open

5 channels 1.

With a decrease in water supply in the drained area, water flows from open channels 1 through wells 9 to drainage collectors 7, humidifier drains 6 and looped

0 collector-humidifiers 4, as well as from wells 9 through transporting collectors 8 to collector-humidifiers 4 and quickly fills the latter. Then, water enters the lower part of arable horizon 2 and, due to its uniformity and the necessary permeability created by sand enrichment, uniformly moistens this horizon. After that, the GWG is reduced to a level at which the upper part of the subsurface horizon 3 in clay soils or the entire subsurface horizon 3 in medium-sized soils is moistened over time.

The water intake and throughput5 of the collectors-humidifiers 4 are controlled by their width and size of the aggregate sand.

Thus, a reduction in the cost of the proposed drainage and humidification system is achieved by replacing a part

more expensive material drains-humidifiers with less expensive collectors-humidifiers while increasing the inter-dust distance, as well as increasing the efficiency and reliability of the system due to the speed of collectors-humidifiers.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A drainage and humidification system including drains, drainage and conveying manifolds, open channels, level control wells located at the mouths of conveying manifolds, characterized in that in order to reduce the cost of the system, increase the efficiency and reliability of its operation, it is equipped with closed collectors-humidifiers located in perpendicular to the drains, filled to the bottom of the arable layer with medium and coarse sand and hydraulically communicated through layers of filtering anti-suffusion material with drains and arable layer, while collector-humidifiers are looped together and connected to transporting collectors, and the arable layer of soil is sand-structured. Aa Figure 1