RU1824206C - Fire extinguishing plant - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in fire fighting, in particular in installations for protecting large objects with a water jet. The fire extinguishing apparatus comprises a water tank with a siphon pipe connected to the barrel for forming a jet, and a gas generator for generating pressure in the tank. The installation has a device for supplying and introducing a polymer composition, the siphon pipe being made in the form of two consecutive ones consisting of confusers, necks and diffusers of Venturi pipes, while the confuser of the first pipe is connected to the water tank, and the diffuser passing through the confuser of the second pipe ends in its neck, forming an annular gap with them, communicating with the water tank, the diffuser of the second pipe is connected to the barrel to form a jet, and the composition input device is made in the form of an external rotation by the neck of the first pipe and located outside it with the possibility of axial movement by a cylindrical sleeve of the annular cavity connected by conical holes to the inner space of the neck and the feeding device of the polymer composition. 4 ill. (L C

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting technology and can be used to extinguish large fires at high-risk facilities, such as nuclear power plants or other facilities, the fire on which can lead to violent explosions or other serious consequences, as well as in powerful hydraulic monitors.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the installation by increasing the range of the jet.

Figure 1 shows the installation, front view: figure 2 is a top view of the installation: in Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the neck of the first venturi: in Fig. 4 is a diagram of the feeding device of the polymer composition.

The fire extinguishing installation comprises a container 1 (Fig. 1, 2), mounted with supports 2 at an angle of 5-10 ° to the horizontal. In the upper part of the tank 1 there is a neck 3, on which the gas generator is located 4. The first venturi 5 is installed below the tank 1, consisting of a confuser 6, a neck 7 and a diffuser 8. The confuser 6 communicates with the internal cavity of the housing 1 and is made in the form cone with a curved axis. The confuser himself b. the neck 7 and the diffuser 8 are located outside the tank 1 under its bottom. And only the end of the diffuser 8. also made in the form of a cone with a curved axis, is located inside the tank 1.

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The diffuser 8 of the first venturi 5 communicates with the second venturi 9 located inside the vessel 1 and also consisting of a confuser 10, a neck 11 and a diffuser 12 connected to the barrel 13 to form a jet. The venturi pipe diffuser 8 passes through the confuser 10 of the pipe 9 and ends in the neck 11. In the same way as the confuser 10 and the neck 11, an annular gap. The diffuser 12 is made in the form of a cone with a curved axis. The cross-sectional area of the end face of the diffuser 8 is 8-10% of the cross-sectional area of the neck 11. The first 5 and second 9 venturi tubes are a siphon pipe through which water is supplied from the inner cavity of the tank 1 (from the barrel 13.

The neck 7 of the first venturi 5 consists of a cylindrical body 14 (Fig. 3) with two flanges 15 and 16 with holes 17 and 18 for fixing bolts. An annular cavity 19 is formed in the housing AND, formed by the housing 14 and the cylindrical sleeve 20, which can be moved in the axial direction. A fitting 21 is installed in the sleeve 20 with a hose 22 connecting the cavity 19 to the polymer composition supply device.

O-rings 23,24 and 25 ensure the tightness of the cavity 19. In the wall of the cylindrical body 14 in the region of the annular cavity 19 are made conical from a verst 26, which connect the annular cavity 19 with the internal cavity 27 of the cylindrical body 14. The conical holes are arranged so that their the larger bases are turned toward the cavity 27 and the smaller ones toward the cavity 19.

The polymer composition supply device (Fig. 4) consists of a container 28 in which there is a polymer composition, a valve 29 and a pipe 30 ending with a hose 22. A pipe 31 and a valve 32 are connected to the container 28 for supplying compressed gas to the container 28, providing the displacement of the polymer composition from the tank 28 through the valve 29. the pipe 30 and the hose 22.

Due to the conical shape of the openings 26 (Fig. 3), in the event of an emergency stop of the polymer composition supply device, as well as during repeated use of the apparatus, it is not necessary to clean the holes from the viscous gel formed therein. After increasing the pressure in the feeder of the polymer composition, the gel lumps in the openings are pushed into the inner cavity of the neck 7 and are carried away by a stream of water.

Hose22, fitting21, annular cavity

19 and holes 26 act as a device for introducing a polymer composition into a water stream. Flanges 15 and 16 are designed to

the connection of the cylindrical body 14 with the confuser 6 and the diffuser 8 (Figs. 1, 2). The connection is made using bolts mounted in holes 17 and 18. Similar holes in the flanges are in the confuser 6 and diffuser 8 (not shown in Figs. 1, 2).

Movement of the cylindrical sleeve

20 (Fig. 3) in the axial direction along the cylindrical body 14 is carried out

5 by means of a switching mechanism 28 (Fig. 1,2, not shown in FIG. 3), which enables the movement of the cylindrical sleeve 20 with its fixation in two extreme positions. One position (working) corresponds to the drawing (Fig. 3), the second position corresponds to the closure of the input device. In this case, the cylindrical sleeve 20 moves along the cylindrical body 14 and, as a result, the cavity 19:

5 closes, with the holes 26 overlapping the wall of the sleeve 20, and the opening of the nozzle 21 overlapping with the outer surface of the cylindrical body 14. The flow rate of the polymer composition is controlled by opening and closing the valve 29. included in the supply device of the polymer composition (Fig. 4).

The installation works as follows. The gas generator 4 is disconnected from

5 of the neck 3 and the internal volume of the container 1 is filled with water. At the same time, water also fills the first venturi 5 and the second venturi 9 (Figs. 1 and 2). Then the gas generator 4 is again installed on the neck 3

0 and hermetically connected to it. The input device of the polymer composition is closed, i.e. the cylindrical sleeve 20 (Fig. 3) is displaced along the housing 14 and the opening of the fitting 21 is blocked by its outer surface, as a result of which the polymer composition does not enter the internal cavity 27 of the housing 14.

In this state, the installation is ready for operation. Ready state is maintained.

0 quite a long period of time. The duration of the shelf life is determined by the guaranteed shelf life of the polymer composition, which is 2-5 years. In case the installation

5 mounted on the chassis of a mobile vehicle, the standby state is maintained until the installation arrives at the site of the fire.

If necessary, turn on the gas generator

4 (Figs. 1 and 2) and at the same time the cylindrical sleeve 20 (Fig. 3) is moved to the extreme position, the polymer composition fills the annular cavity 19 and through the holes 26 enters the inner cavity 27 of the cylindrical body 14, through which the moment water begins to move.

Turning on the gas generator 4 is accompanied by the formation of large quantities of gas inside the tank 1, as a result of which the pressure inside it rises sharply and the water begins to move through the venturi 5 and 9. In the first pipe of the Wenguri 5 water enters through the orif connected to capacity 1. In the second venturi, water enters through the annular gap between the confuser 10 and the neck 11 of the pipe 9 and the diffuser 8 of the pipe 5. as well as from the diffuser 8. The dimensions of the venturi are selected so that the flow through the first pipe 5 is 8- 10% full of flow through the tube 9.

The polymer composition entering the neck 7 of the first venturi 5, when moving in the neck 7 and the diffuser 8, dissolves, forming a solution of the hydrodynamically active material. However, complete dissolution of the hydrodynamically active material in the first venturi 5 does not occur. The finished solution and individual insoluble lumps enter the neck 11 of the second venturi 9, in which the pressure is reduced. The annular gap between the diffuser 8 of the first venturi 5 and the confuser 10 and the neck 11 acts as an ejector, providing, on the one hand, a decrease in pressure at the outlet of the diffuser 8, which is very important due to the relatively high viscosity of the solution moving along the diffuser 8 hydrodynamically active material, and on the other hand, it contributes to a significant dilution (to working concentrations) of the previously prepared solution and the further dissolution of individual undissolved clods of the polymer composition.

After dilution of the solution in the ejector, the clods are further dissolved and the concentration is equalized over the entire volume of the working solution in the diffuser 12 of the venturi 9. Through the barrel 13, a stream of hydrodynamically acgionic throat of a predetermined working concentration is ejected through the barrel 13, making it more compact and compact

After the container 1 is completely empty, the gas generator 4 is turned off and the input device of the polymer composition is shut off.

In the proposed installation, the transportation of water1 through a siphon pipe, the role of which is played by Venturi pipes 5 and 9, is combined with the technological operation of preparing a hydrodynamically active solution. In addition, the solution is prepared in two stages, sequentially passing 5 two venturi tubes, in which not only the hydrodynamically active polymer is completely dissolved, but also the concentrated solution is diluted to working concentrations. The concentration of the solution in

0 barrel 13 is controlled by changing the flow rate of the polymer composition through the neck 7 of the first venturi 5.

The proposed installation can also be used to provide a hydrodynamically active solution of powerful hydromonitors used to destroy proud rocks, which increases the long-range and compactness of the jet, as well as increases its technological properties

0 Background, invention

UTENORKG for extinguishing fires containing i-gas generator for water with a siphon pipe connected to the barrel for forming a jet, characterized in that in order to increase the efficiency of the installation by increasing the range of the jet, it has a polymer composition input device, the siphon pipe consisting from two sites.

0 made in the form of venturi tubes. the first of which passes under the bottom of the water tank and the PP diffuser is installed to form a clearance about the confuser of another Venturi pipe located inside the tank, the diffuser of which is connected to the barrel, and the neck of the first Venturi pipe consists of a cylindrical body with holes and flanges in which with the possibility of axial movement of the sleeve forming an annular cavity with a cylindrical body of the neck and having a fitting for supplying the polymer composition.

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FIG. I

1824206

% J

22

PU2 4