RU1824038C - Method of applying fertilizer concurrently with soil ploughing and device for effecting same - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of fertilizing and plowing the soil and the device for its implementation relate to agricultural machinery. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of soil cultivation. The method includes cutting and wrapping the formation, incorporating the applied organic-mineral fertilizers and plant residues. At the same time, the introduced organic-mineral mixtures with plant residues are displaced from the surface and, with some stirring, are discharged onto the soil surface into an open furrow, the furrow bottom is measured with soil, followed by filling with a layer. A device for carrying out the method includes a frame of the housing, vertical rotors and drives to them. On the rotors located behind the housings, sprockets of the dropping device are installed in two channels, the chains of which are interconnected by rods supporting the rake scraper on the lower parts, and the rotor and dropping device are articulated through the tilt mechanism to the frame. 2 with p-files, 8 ill.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to tillage implements, more specifically to plows and devices for filling fertilizers.

The purpose of the invention is to increase soil cultivation.

Fig. 1 shows the surface of a floor with scattered fertilizers and plant debris in Fig. 2 - view of the formed furrow by cutting and wrapping the soil layer in Fig. 2. 3 shows a furrow after displacing plant residues and fertilizers into a furrow, FIG. 4 - the same, after mixing the layer of the mixture of fertilizers with plant residues with the soil of the bottom of the furrow; in FIG. 5 is a groove, after being closed with a soil layer, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a plow body with a rotor and their connection with a frame, top view: in FIG. 7 is a plan view of the housings, rotor and rake, top view; in FIG. 8, view A in FIG. 6.

The method of applying fertilizers includes spreading fertilizer 1 over field 2, forming a furrow 3 by cutting and wrapping the soil layer 4, shifting plant residues 5 into the furrow 3, feeding fertilizer 1, and closing the furrow 3 with soil by subsequently cutting it and turning it around.

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the treatment of its formation 4. Fertilizer 1 is supplied to the soil surface before the formation of the furrow 3, followed by their introduction into the furrow 3 by displacement together with the plant residues 5. In this case, the layer of the fertilizer 1 mixture with plant residues 5 entering the furrow 3 is mixed with the bottom soil furrows 3. Fertilizer od

at the same time with plowing the soil contains

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FIGS. 6, 7 and 8) a frame 7, a feed mechanism 8 for finishing 1 and sequentially arranged; the housing 9 of the gunpowder 10 for forming a furrow 3, a dropping mechanism 11 in the form of an endless belt 13 mounted on the frame 7 at an angle 15 to the longitudinal axis 12 and the body 14 of the plow 10 for covering the furrow 3 with soil. The device has an endless belt 13 made in the form of a chain 16 having rake scrapers 15, a tension of 20 chokes on the sprockets 19 and 20 fixed on the vertical shafts 17 and 18. The device is equipped with a rotor 21 with a drive 22 mounted on the rear shaft 18 of the endless belt 13 for mixing fertilizer 25 with soil, the mechanism 8 for feeding fertilizer 1 is located in front of the plow 10 to form the furrow 3. The rear shaft 18 of the endless belt 13 is located immediately after the latter, and the resetting mechanism 11 with the rotor 21 is pivotally connected to the frame 7 23 and equipped mechanism 24 adjusting their inclination relative to the plane of the vertical

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The tilt mechanism 24 is a shaft 25, rigidly fixed in the middle on the plow frame 1 10 to the shaft 25. Through a pair of bearings 26, a hollow casing 27 with a transverse groove 28 is fastened to pass the shaft 25 to be fixed. A hydraulic motor 29 is mounted on one side of the casing 27 and next to it is the housing 30 of the bearing assembly of the horn 21 on the other side the housing 31 of the bearing assembly of the shaft 17 of the sprocket 19 of the fertilizer supply mechanism 8 is fixed

The angle of rotation of the rotor 21 can be achieved by moving the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 32, which is pivoted on one side by a frame 1, and the other side through the lever 33 is fixed to the casing 27

The method is carried out by the plow in this way. First, organic-mineral fertilizers 1 are scattered on the plot 2 (Fig. 1) with the existing fertilizer spreaders. Psi 4 is cut by the body 9 by the working movement of the proposed plow Yu (9) and the rake scrapers 15 are turned

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organic-mineral mixtures 1 (Fig. 3) with plant residues 5 are displaced from the surface and the upper soil-dust layer destroyed by structure is dumped into the open furrow 3 with the body 9 with some stirring, and the incoming layer with bottom soil 6 is mixed with rotor 21 furrows 3, The back 4 of the plow 10 is cut off by the formation 4 (Fig. 4), the agitated layer is wrapped and covered (Fig. 5).

In the working position, the rake 15 (Fig. 8) has a rotational-translational motion, and the axis of the sprockets 19 and 20 of the rake 15 make an acute angle with the plane of the earth and the apex deflected in the direction of movement of the unit. From point B, which is located at the point of transition from the rotational movement of the rake rods 15 to the translational one on the drive sprocket 20 of the actuator 22 from the rear in the direction of movement of the unit, to the point B, the rake rods 15 make a translational motion along the axis of the shaft 25 of the tilt mechanism 24, but p Due to the non-perpendicularity of the axes of the sprockets 19 and 20 of the rake 15 to the surface of the earth, the rods of the rake 15 deviate to the side and, as it were, sweep the ground. At point B, which is located at the point of contact of the velocity vector of the aggregate and the pitch circle of the sprocket 19, the rake rods 15 begin to capture material on the ground (stubble, fertilizers, etc.). To the point Г, which is located at the point of transition from the rotational movement of the rake rods 15 to the translational one on the driven sprocket 19 of the drive from the front side in the direction of movement of the unit, the rake rods 15 are able to throw captured material forward along the unit and to the right into the furrow formed after the plow of the casing 9.. At point B, the rake rods 15 acquire translational motion along the axis of the shaft 25 and move the captured material to point D located at the intersection of the side wall of the groove 3 and the line of movement terzhney rake 15.

From point D to point E, the captured material is dumped into the furrow. Point E is not a fixed point and can move along the line of movement of the rake bars 15

This embodiment of the plow and the application of the method of plowing ensures cultivation of the soil by dropping from the upper horizon a dusty layer with organic and mineral fertilizers and plant residues and mixing the bottom 6 of the furrow 3 with the upper soil layer and the formation of a subsoil horizon of soil-organo-mineral interlayers

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A method of applying fertilizers simultaneously with plowing the soil, including forming a furrow by cutting and wrapping the soil layer, shifting plant residues into the furrow, applying fertilizer and closing the furrow with soil by subsequent cutting and wrapping its layer, characterized in that, with the goal of increasing soil cultivation. Fertilizers are fed onto the soil surface before the formation of a furrow, followed by their introduction into the furrow by displacement together with the plant residues, while the layer of the mixture of fertilizers with plant residues entering the furrow is mixed with the soil of the bottom of the furrow. 2 A fertilizer applicator at the same time as plowing the soil, containing a frame, a fertilizer feeder and sequentially arranged plow body for forming a furrow, a dropping mechanism in the form of an endless belt device mounted on the frame at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the plow, and a plow body for closing the furrow with soil, and the endless belt is made in the form of a chain having a rake scraper, tensioned on vertical sprocket shafts, characterized in that the device is equipped with a rotor mounted on the rear shaft of the endless belt with a drive for mixing fertilizers with soil, the mechanism for feeding fertilizers laid in front of the meadow to form a furrow, the rear shaft of the endless belt is located immediately after the last, and the dropping mechanism with the help of which are connected to the frame articulated and equipped with a mechanism for adjusting their inclination relative to the vertical plane -gggg -rfgtf ggag- V I # pw.7 rag b 26 I l 26 &