RU1822726C - Foodstuffs drying installation - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: food industry. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The apparatus comprises a cylindrical chamber with a conductive element connected to a microwave generator via a transmission line, loading and unloading devices, a waveguide filter, and an air supply unit to the chamber. The installation is equipped with a screen tube. The conductive element is made in the form of a spiral retarding system concentrically fixed in a pipe. The waveguide filter is made in the form of a blade rotor. And placed in the loading and unloading devices. The chamber is installed in the pipe with the possibility of, -, and the nip axis of the chamber is offset relative to C and the pipe 2 sludge.

Description

The invention relates to food and processing industries, and specifically to drying plants.

short-cut pasta using the energy of electromagnetic fields.

The aim of the invention is the intensification of the process, increasing the uniformity of heating of the product.

In FIG. Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for drying short cut pasta; in FIG. 2 - working chamber of the drying installation, section.

The installation contains a generator 1 microwave energy. control panel 2, a cylindrical working chamber 3 with a conductive element 4, a transmission line 5 connected to a microwave generator 1, a loading 6 and unloading device 7, a waveguide filter 8, an air supply unit 9 and a screen tube 10 The conductive element 4 is made in spiral

retarding system. The waveguide filter 8 is made in the form of a blade rotor located in the loading 6 and unloading 7 devices. The chamber 3 is rotatably mounted, and the axis of the chamber 3 is offset relative to the axis of the screen tube 10. The chamber 3 and the element 4 are placed in a housing made in the form of a pipe 11.

The misaligned arrangement of the chamber with the screen tube allows the food drying process to be carried out efficiently, because when the chamber rotates around its axis, the product also moves along the perimeter of the pipe cross-section and initially forms a thick and subsequently thin layer in the bottom until it rises to the top and breaks down particles The misaligned arrangement of the retardation system in accordance with this just heats the lower layers more than the upper ones and at the same time prevents the burning of particles of products located in the upper layer x. AND

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the energy transmitted by the upper spirals is partially consumed to heat the air that circulates by convective heat transfer. The effectiveness of this heating method is especially noticeable in the last stages of the drying process, where the humidity is protected from burning. already much less than at the initial stage of drying.

The loading of the material to be dried is carried out through a rotary blade loading device, by means of which the material flows directly into the rotary chamber. The discharge of the dried material is carried out through a loading rotor-blade device,

The use of loading and unloading devices with rotor blades reflects and prevents the unorganized electromagnetic waves from slipping outward during loading of raw materials and unloading of the finished product. In addition, rotating around its axis with a frequency of 15 minutes, they are like dissectors of electromagnetic waves, i.e. give a phase shift of the vectors of electromagnetic fields and contribute to a more uniform heating of the product at the initial and final stage of the drying process, when the influence of the slowing system is weak and electromagnetic waves are disorganized.

At the end of the working chamber, the density of the disorganized waves is slightly higher than at the beginning, so that the moisture content of the product decreases sharply and the absorption of electromagnetic waves decreases. Therefore, the dielectric tube holder is made of metal and it rotates around its axis with a frequency of 25 minutes, also being an electromagnetic wave dissector. In addition, it also mixes the supplied hot air, promoting uniform heating and organizing longitudinal turbulization of the air and electromagnetic waves.

In various modes, the flow rate of the product through the working chamber can be changed. To do this, the entire working chamber is mounted on a movable bed, changing the position of which changes the angle of inclination of the working chamber.

In addition to the above, a water attenuator of electromagnetic waves is installed in the working chamber, which consists of connecting pipes for water inlet and outlet, a holder for the contact pin of the spiral of the decelerating system, and a dielectric water tank.

Hot air for drying and entrainment of evaporated moisture is supplied from the end of the working

chambers through perforation walls.

An air supply system is provided in the dryer to generate hot air.

consisting of an air pump and an electric air heater. There is a valve in the air pump, by changing which the flow rate can be controlled. The frame of the dryer is made of corner

steel, and the working chamber is installed on it with a metal clamp. The entire dryer system is grounded.

In addition to the foregoing, there is a safety and control system in the dryer.

5 A food drying apparatus operates as follows.

According to the collection of recipes, dough with a humidity of 40% is prepared and, after molding, slices of short-cut pasta products are fed through a loading funnel to a unit already prepared for operation.

Before starting the dryer, the health of all nodes, the connecting cables of the generator to the network and

5 microwave sources with a control unit, grounding, etc. Then, an electric motor is turned on, by means of which the quartz tube of the dryer is rotated. The rotational speed is set for a particular drying mode of short-cut pasta. After the normal rotation of the quartz tube of the working chamber is established, the valves in the generator cooling system are gradually opened and

5 of the working chamber, and cold cooling water is supplied to the dryer (generator). To cool the microwave source, a water flow rate of 3-4 l / min is established, for which the latter is controlled by a rotameter,

0 installed in the dryer frame. The microwave source generator is switched on by switching the circuit breaker on the control unit panel to the On-on position and the lamp lights

5 Network glow. Then, a button is pressed and the microwave source is turned on in the Glow mode, and at the same time, the countdown to the standby timer starts. After 1 minute, the network-glow lamp lights up.

0 full heat, indicating the readiness to turn on the generator in Heating mode. After that, press the Heat-on button and the Heating lamp lights up, signaling the inclusion of high voltage 5. wife and the source in heating mode.

It is advisable to indicate that in the microwave energy generator produced by the domestic industry, the output power can be controlled

both in the control unit and with an external DC signal 0-10 V, 15 mA The method of controlling the output microwave power is switched by two toggle switches on the panel of the control unit by setting them to the Internal or External position. With internal control, the required microwave power is set by turning the knob of the potentiometer Internal. With external remote control, the required power is set by changing the external DC signal 0-10 V connected to the external jacks. The microwave power value is determined by the value of the anode current of the generator, as indicated by the ammeter on the panel of the control unit.

Simultaneously with switching on the microwave generator and air pump with air heater, the working chamber of the dryer is continuously loaded with short-cut pasta. Before entering the cooking chamber, molded pasta is met with a stream of hot air. In doing so, they are preheated, which partially prevents their adhesion to each other. The exhaust hot air outlet is arranged in such a way that it passes between the cutting rolls, then the continuously dried short-cut pasta gets into the rotating working chamber (made of a quartz tube). By rotating a quartz tube in the working chamber, the pasta is mixed and distributed relatively thinly on the inner wall of the tube until it breaks off from the upper point, which ensures the mixing of different layers, resulting in

to intensify the drying process and uniform drying of pasta.

Passing through dielectric tubes, pasta is dried convectively by the microwave method of energy supply. Microwave energy is supplied using a special moderating system. The slowdown of microwave waves and their distribution along the perimeter of the quartz tube leads to an increase in the density of the supplied energy and leads to a sharp reduction in the length of the working chamber. Three drying periods are inextricably carried out in the working chamber: in the first period, short-cut pasta is dried to 30-32% humidity; in the second period, the moisture content of the product decreases to 22-24% and then the period of constant drying speed begins to 12%

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A food drying apparatus comprising a working cylindrical chamber with a conductive element connected to a microwave generator through a transmission line, loading and unloading devices, a waveguide filter, an air supply unit to the chamber, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process and homogeneity of the heating nf, the installation is equipped with a screened conductive element made in an HDPE, gk; another retarding system 1, which is fixed in the pipe, the aeolwater filter is made in the form of a blade a torus located in the loading and unloading devices sx, the camera being mounted rotatably in the pipe, the camera axis being offset from the axis of the pipe. eleven g f f Figure 1 with