RU1819645C - Method for creation of vacuum in mass-exchange columns - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the oil refining industry during the distillation and rectification of oil mixtures. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: In order to eliminate the formation of polluted wastewater and save energy, the non-condensed gases are sucked off by refrigerated reflux, which is formed by the condensation of oil vapors leaving a mass transfer column. Oil vapors from the mass transfer column enter surface condensers. Oil vapor condensate formed - reflux flows into the collection tank, and part of it is returned to the irrigation of the mass transfer (distillation) column. By means of a jet pump, pressure energy is provided to the phlegm, which ensures the suction of gases. Cooling in the refrigerator, reflux is applied to the ejector, by which gases are sucked from the condensers. A mixture of non-condensed gases and reflux is separated in a separator. Gases are emitted into the atmosphere or taken away for processing or purification, and the reflux from the separator again enters the collector, from where it is again fed into the ejector by a jet pump. 1 ill., 1 tab. Ј

Description

The invention relates to chemical and oil refining technology, in particular to the distillation of liquid mixtures under vacuum and to evaporators.

The purpose of the invention is to save energy and eliminate the formation of polluted waters.

The non-condensable gases are sucked out by reflux, which is formed during the condensation of oil vapors leaving the mass exchange (distillation) column, and the energy necessary for suctioning the gases is transferred to the reflux pump.

The suction of non-condensable gases instead of water vapor by reflux allows:

1. Eliminate the formation of polluted water generated during the condensation of water vapor, which sucks non-condensable gases.

2. Eliminate the loss of valuable light fractions, which, upon suction of gases by reflux, go into the latter and return with it to the mass transfer (distillation) column.

In the method for suctioning gases, a pressure energy is transmitted to the phlegm by the pump, which completely, minus losses, can be used for suctioning gases. There is also no need for cooling water to remove the heat of condensation

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water vapor, since the latter are replaced by a liquid. There is no need to install bulky capacitors. In order to avoid locking the ejector, the phlegm should be cooled by only a few degrees before being fed into it, but this is due to the low consumption of cooling water and the installation of a refrigerator with a small heat exchange surface.

The table shows the energy costs for creating a vacuum in a mass transfer (distillation) vacuum column for the transfer of fuel oil from the ABT unit with a capacity of 2 million tons / year. The value of the residual pressure in the columns vie 20 mm RT.article

The drawing shows a diagram of the implementation of the method.

An example implementation. The oil vapors of the mass transfer (distillation) column - 1 enter the surface condensers 2. Condensates of oil vapors formed - reflux flows into the collection 3. Part of the reflux returns to

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column irrigation 1. The pressure of the second part of the reflux by means of pump 4 is increased to a value that ensures gas suction, and through the refrigerator 5, reflux is supplied to the ejector 6, which sucks the gases from the condenser 2. The mixture of non-condensable gases and reflux is separated in the separator 7. Gases are released or they are diverted for processing, and the reflux from the separator 7 enters the collector 3, from where it is again pumped to the ejector 6 by the pump 4.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method of creating a vacuum in mass transfer columns, which consists in condensing the vapors leaving the mass transfer column in condensers and suctioning non-condensable gases, which is smoothed out in that, in order to save energy and eliminate the formation of polluted waste water, non-condensable gases are sucked out they are cooled by reflux resulting from the condensation of vapors leaving mass transfer columns.