RU1815519C - Method of heat supply and heat supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in closed and open centralized heat supply systems for consumers with mixed heat load, connected according to dependent and independent schemes, with single-pipe and multi-pipe laying of heat pipes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a heat supply method includes returning from consumers The invention relates to a power system and a power utility system, can be used with closed and open centralized heat supply systems for consumers with mixed heat load, connected according to independent and independent schemes, for single-pipe and multi-pipe heat-pipe installations. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of heat supply, spent network water, sequentially heating it in the built-in condenser beam, in heating heaters, in a peak network heater, supplying network water to consumers, supply of household drinking water. beater, preparation of hot water in heating units, analysis of hot and cold water with mixing and water-fitting fittings. To increase the efficiency of energy supply to consumers, household drinking water is heated by the heat of the return heat pipes at the station or in the consumer's heating stations before the consumers are supplied. The method is implemented in a heat supply system containing an additional heater installed on the return heat pipe of the station, connected via a heated medium to a main water supply, chemical water treatment and make-up. The method is also implemented in a system containing j additional heaters installed on the return subscriber heat pipelines of the heat points and on the return heat pipe of the station. 2 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill. consumers by seasonal heating of cold water with the heat of return network water. Figures 1 and 2 show a heat supply system according to the main embodiment; Figs. 3 and 4 show exemplary embodiments. The heat supply system contains a steam turbine T with steam extraction, a condenser with built-in 3 and main 4 tube bundles, network heaters 5 and 6, peak 7 network heater

Description

a boiler supplying 8 and a return 9 heat pipelines, a subscriber supplying 10 and a return 11 heat pipelines, a network pump 12, a water main 13 from the water intake structures, a water treatment system 14 connected to the main water main, distribution pipelines 15 of cold water, pipelines 16 of the subscriber inlets of cold water, subscriber main pipelines 17 cold water connected to pipelines of subscriber inputs, pipelines 18 connecting the latter and the entrances to subscriber heaters 19.20 P21 and 22 (connected, respectively: according to one-stage parallel, one-stage pre-switched, two-stage mixed and two-stage sequential circuits) of hot water at subscriber heating points, water folding 23 and water folding 24 mixing valves, an additional heater 25 connected to the main water supply to the main water supply before the chemical water treatment system , bypass pipe 26 with a control valve 27 connected to a temperature sensor 28 mounted on the main water conduit behind the insertion point bypass of the pipeline.

The heat supply system works in this way.

The steam spent in the turbine 1 is discharged for cooling to the condenser 2. Steam is taken from the turbine take-offs for heating the mains water in the heaters of the lower 5th and upper boatboats. The spent heat carrier, which has been used by consumers, is supplied to the CHP through the return 9 heat conduit, cooled in an additional heater 25 with cold water from the water conduit 13, which is supplied from the intake structures. In this case, the water of the pipe 13 in the heater 25 is heated from a temperature of tx-0.1-2 ° C to a temperature of tx - that is, the heat of the return coolant is utilized in a cold water supply, then part of the cold water is supplied to the chemical water treatment system 14. Then deaeration and make-up system, while the other part of the cold water is supplied to the distribution pipelines 15 of cold water, of which to the pipelines 16 of the subscriber inlets, then to the subscriber main pipelines 17 of cold water, of which to the draw-off 23 and the draw-mix 24 rmature. Cold water also flows from pipelines 16 through pipelines 18 to the entrances to subscriber heaters 19, 20, 21 and 22 (connected 11 respectively. According to one-stage parallel, one-stage upstream, 2-stage mixed and 2-stage sequential circuits) hot water. In schemes with open water extraction (not shown), cold water from distribution pipelines 15 enters pipelines 16 of subscriber inlets, of which to subscriber main pipelines 17 of cold water, to water demountable 23 and water demountable mixing valves 24, and through pipelines 18 to the inlets mixers in subscriber hot water heaters. The temperature of cold water in pipelines 15-18 is automatically maintained at tx tp by a control valve 27 on the sensor 28

5 temperature by cold water bypass, min heater 25, bypass pipe 26. In this case, condensate is excluded on the surface of cold water pipelines, where tp is the temperature of the point

0 dew on the surface of cold water pipelines. For most gasket conditions, tx corresponds to 13-17 ° C.

The accumulated heat of the return heat pipes 9 is used in systems

5 heat and power supply using cold water from pipelines 15-18, which, in addition to the above, allows: to reduce the consumption of hot water by 25-35% in hot water supply systems, by 25-35%

0 to reduce the consumption of heat and heat carrier from the supplying 8 heat pipes, to reduce the consumption of electricity by electrical installations and gas by gas installations connected to cold water pipelines 15-18

5 or using cold water from said pipelines.

Network water spent in subscriber heat-consuming installations, through 11 reverse subscriber heat pipelines

0 enters heat return 9, through which it is transported to the CHP. At the network station, the water passes through the heater 25, heats the cold water of the pipe 13, and then subsequently heats up

5 built-in 3 tube bundle of condenser 2, in the heating heaters of lower 5 and upper 6 steam take-offs, in peak 7 network heater (or peak boiler station) and in supply 8

0 heat conduit is supplied to the heat supply area to the subscriber supplying 10 heat conduits. In this case, the network water, heated in the tube bundle 3, utilizes the waste heat of cooling of the condenser 2. The value of the utilization of the waste heat of cooling is numerically equal to the amount of heat attributed in the heater 25 to heat the cold water. This leads to a reduction in heat loss to a cold source with cooling water from the condensers. The steam consumption of low parameters to heaters 5 increases and, accordingly, the steam consumption of higher parameters to heaters 6 decreases, the heating surface of network water at the CHPP, district peak boiler houses and the cooling surface of the condensers decrease, the fuel consumption at sources (CHP, local and district boiler houses) ), the heating load of turbines increases, which leads to an increase in the specific heat production of electricity. The costs of water treatment, deaeration and recharge are reduced, environmental pollution by thermal waste and other products of fuel combustion is reduced, and the degree of centralization of energy supply to consumers based on TPPs is increased.

In those cases when the water intake facilities and the water supply pipe supplying cold water to the regions where consumers are supplied with energy are located at a considerable distance from the thermal power station, the heat supply system is open (through the water supply), unlike the closed one described in Figs. 1 and 2 Figs. 3 and 4 show such a heat supply system. In this case, cold water is heated at the station in the additional heater 25, which enters the chemical water treatment, deaeration and recharge system 14: In the areas of energy supply, additional subscriber heaters 29 are installed on the pipelines 16 of the cold water inlets, which are included in the return 11 heat pipelines in the heating medium . The heaters 29 are equipped with bypasses 30 with control valves 31 connected to subscriber main pipelines F7 of cold water between non-return valves 32 and cold water temperature sensors 33. Installations can also be arranged with storage tanks, which in this case are installed with additional heaters 29 for any connection scheme of hot water supply systems, including the open water intake scheme. In the figure (FIG. 4-g), an example of installing a storage tank 34 with a charging pump 35 in one of the heat points is shown.

Additional subscriber heaters 29 receive cold water from pipelines 16 of the subscriber inputs, are heated in them by the heat of the return 11 heat pipes from temperature tx to temperature tx, and then through pipelines 18 it enters the inputs of the subscriber heaters 19, 20t 21, 22 (connected, respectively: single-stage parallel; by

single-stage upstream; 2-speed mixed; according to a 2-step sequential scheme) or to mixers (Fig. 4-d, with open water analysis) of mountains - 5 of whose water and subscriber main pipelines 17 of cold water. At the same time, in pipelines 17 the temperature of cold water is automatically maintained at the level tx tp by control valves

0 31 according to temperature sensors 33 by cold water bypass 30, which eliminates condensation on the surface of cold water pipelines 17. As an additional heater 29, it is advisable to use a plate heater, which excludes the possibility of network water entering the cold water pipe 17. Chilled in the heater x 29 network water through the return heat conduit 9 enters

0 at the CHP plant, where it is additionally cooled in the heater 25, then heated in the built-in 3 tube bundle of the condenser 2 and in the network heaters 5, 6 and 7. Moreover, through the tube bundle 3 into the network water

5, the waste heat of cooling of the condenser is utilized, numerically equal to the amount of heat taken from the return coolant for heating cold water of pipelines 13.17 and 18.

0 With a one-pipe transit heat conduit from the CHP and a 2-pipe distribution heat network in the district of heat and power supply, the system is similar to that shown in Fig. 4. At the same time, in a system with a one-pipe transit heat conduit from a thermal power plant, as well as with a two-pipe heat conduits, heating the water of household water supply systems with the heat of the return heat carrier at subscriber inputs leads to a decrease

0 heat supply through the supply transit heat pipe from the CHPP, and, consequently, to a decrease in the heat capacity of the peak boiler house in the heat supply district.

Using a technical solution

5 is highly effective both in the construction of new and in the reconstruction of existing systems, with single-pipe and multi-pipe laying of heat pipes, with a closed and open heat supply system. At

0 of this, the following positive effects take place; the seasonal variations in the temperature of the consumed cold water and the related seasonal variations in the flow rates of cold and hot water are excluded;

5 heat and heat carrier from the supplying heat pipelines, gas from gas pipelines and electricity from electric networks; condensate on the surface of cold water pipelines and the need for their thermal insulation are eliminated: the costs of hot water in hot water supply systems are reduced by 25-35%; by 25-35%, the costs of heat and heat carrier from the supply heating pipelines are reduced; specific fuel consumption is reduced (at least 350-450 tce) per year by 1 GJ / h of the connected heat load of hot water supply (due to utilization in the heat supply system of the waste heat of cooling the condensers of the TPPs and increasing the degree of centralization of consumers based on the TPPs ( in systems of local and district boiler houses); the thermal power of peak boiler houses in the district of heat supply decreases; the costs of electricity and gas are reduced, the costs of metal and other resources in heat supply systems, hot and cold water supply are reduced energy supply, gas supply and cooling of condensers of TPP turbines; unproductive losses, simultaneous and operating costs in consumers' power supply systems are reduced, including water treatment, deaeration, recharge and power supply sources, the throughput capacity of heat pipes, electric networks, gas pipelines and water pipes increases; the heat load of take-offs increases and specific heat and power generation of electricity at CHP plants; environmental pollution by heat waste and other products of fuel combustion at CHP plants, district and local boiler houses is reduced, which improves the environmental situation and reduces the cost of protecting the natural environment.

Claims (4)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A method of heat supply, comprising returning consumers to a spent network water station through reverse and reverse subscriber heat pipes, sequentially heating the network water in the built-in tube bundle of the turbine condenser, in heating heaters, in the lower and upper taps, in the peak network heater, the supply of network water through the supplying heat pipes to consumers with seasonal heat load and the load of domestic hot water supply, the supply from the water intake facilities to the heat supplying consumers with cold water through a main water supply line to distribution pipelines and to chemical water treatment plants, deaeration and to a recharge line, supplying cold water from distribution pipelines to subscriber inlet pipelines, from the latter to subscriber main pipelines of cold water and to pipelines to a subscriber heater two-stage water supply the scheme, the selection of heated water after the first stage of the subscriber heater and mixing it into the subscriber main pipelines, analysis of cold and hot water, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of heat and power supply of consumers by seasonal heating of cold water with the heat of return network water, the water of the main water supply is heated in an additional heater installed at the station with heat by means of an additional heater installed at the station return water heat wire, and the temperature of cold water in distribution pipelines and pipelines of subscriber inlets is maintained above the temperature dew. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the subscriber inlets in the heat supply area, cold water is heated using additional heaters installed on the pipelines of the cold water subscriber inlets 5 and the heat carrier included in the return subscriber heat pipes, and from the additional water heater cold water pipelines are supplied to the entrances to the subscriber hot water heaters and to the subscriber main 0, in which the water temperature is also maintained above the dew point temperature. 3. A heat supply system comprising a steam turbine with steam extraction, a condenser with integrated and main tube bundles, network heaters, a peak network heater, supply and return heat pipelines, subscriber supplying return heat pipelines, network 0 pump, main water pipe from the water intake facilities, water treatment system connected to the main water pipe, cold water distribution pipelines, subscriber inlet pipelines 5 cold water, subscriber main pipelines of cold water connected to pipelines of subscriber inputs, pipelines connecting the latter and inputs to subscriber hot heaters 0 water in subscriber heat points connected to heat pipelines in a two-stage scheme, water-folding and water-folding-mixing fittings, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency 5 of the consumers' power supply, an additional heater is installed on the return heat pipe to the condenser, connected via the heated water to the main water line in front of the water treatment system, and the additional heater equipped with a bypass pipe with a control valve connected to a temperature sensor installed on the main water conduit after the insertion point of the bypass pipe. 4. The system according to p. characterized in that at the subscriber heat points additional heaters are installed on the pipelines of the subscriber cold water inlets, connected to the return subscriber heat pipes through the heat carrier, the output of the additional heaters is connected to the subscriber main cold water pipeline on which the non-return valve is installed and to the input of the subscriber mountain heaters whose water, and additional heaters are equipped with bypasses with control valves, with temperature sensors on the subscriber pipelines connected to subscriber main pipelines of cold water between temperature sensors and non-return valves. "M I 45- / V "Uh  vg