RU1815420C - Axial-plunger hydraulic machine - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The shaft is mounted in the housing in bearings with a cylinder block mounted on it, in the bores of which, spring-loaded movable main cylinders with plungers are installed with sealing, forming working chambers resting one of the end surfaces on the counter surface of the cylinder base. The sealing length of the main movable cylinder is equal to two diameters of the plunger and a discharge chamber is made in it. The end surface of the cylinder and the counter surface of the base of the cylinders are spherical. The unloading chamber is made in the form of an external and internal unloading chambers connected by a radial channel. Both chambers are made in the form of annular rails on the inner and outer surfaces of the seal of the main movable cylinder. The outer chamber is made in the form of three chambers formed by the tabs on the outer surface of the seal of the main movable cylinder and its inner annular groove. 2 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to axial piston pumps and hydraulic motors, and can be used in volumetric hydraulic machines.

The aim of the invention is to increase the service life and reliability of the axial piston hydraulic operation by increasing the tightness of the working chambers and self-installation of the main spring-loaded moving cylinders.

An additional objective of the claimed technical solution is to reduce volumetric losses in the discharge chamber

Figure 1 shows a General view of the pump; figure 2 is a section of the main sleeve.

The axial piston machine comprises a housing 1 with a drive shaft 2 installed in it, on which the drive part 4 of the cylinder block is supported with a key 3 and resting on the bearing 5 with the outer surface.

In the drive part of the cylinder block, movable bushes 6 are installed, each of which is spring-loaded 7 to the base of the cylinders 8 in contact with its spherical part. The base of the cylinders 8, in turn, is in contact with the distribution disk 9 of the pump and, by means of a key 10, is connected to the drive shaft.

Plungers 11 are mounted in the main bushings, supported by hydraulic shoes 12 on an inclined disk 13.

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Using the clamping disk 14 and the ring 15, the shoes are constantly pressed against the inclined disk 13.

Through hole A there is a supply (suction of the working fluid), and through hole B it is diverted (pumping of the working fluid).

The main sleeve 6 (figure 2) with the unloading outer 16 and inner 17 cameras, interconnected by holes 18,

The sleeve provides a fluid supply to the working chamber, its displacement into the pump switchgear and sealing of the chamber; necessary for operating the hydraulic machine.

 The hydraulic machine operates as follows.

During rotation of the drive shaft 2 located in the housing 1, the torque through the key 3 is transmitted to the drive part 4 of the cylinder block, which is supported by the bearing 5.

The plungers 11 make a reciprocating movement, causing the suction of the working fluid through the hole A, the distribution disk 9 and the base of the cylinders 8 and forcing through the channels of the same parts and hole B.

Through the shoe 12 with hydrostatic unloading of the support surface, axial forces are formed that are formed in the delivery stroke and are perceived by the working surface of the inclined washer 13. The plungers are driven by the drive part 4 of the cylinder block by the pressure disk 14 and ring 15.

The base of the cylinders 8 is guided by means of a drive shaft 2, through a key 3. -.

The working chamber of the proposed pump is formed by the end face of the plunger 11, the internal cavity of the main sleeve b and the base channels of the cylinders 8,

One of the requirements for pump operation is to ensure maximum tightness of the working chamber. In the proposed hydraulic machine, the tightness is achieved by self-aligning the sleeve b relative to the base of the cylinders 8. Self-alignment is provided by the springs 7 when the magnitude of the hydrostatic pressure in the working chamber is lower than the force developed by its spring.

In all other modes, the hydrostatic pressure force presses the sleeve with a spherical surface against the base of the cylinder, forming a reliable tight

compound. However, sleeve self-alignment is prevented by forces arising from the drive side due to the plungers being driven by the drive part of the cylinder block and from

tangential force from the side of the plunger in the discharge stroke.

Both factors tend to warp and squeeze the surface of the sleeve located in the seal of the drive portion of the cylinder block, preventing it from moving in the axial direction. . .

To compensate for these factors, the surface of the sleeve 6, which is located at the rear, has hydrostatic discharge chambers. These

the chambers are made in the form of external annular bores 16 connected by radial holes 16 to the annular bore 17. When the pump is running, the liquid from the working chamber in the form of leaks moves along the gap along the plunger and sleeve into the chamber 17 and then through the hole 18 into the annular bore 16 on the surface bushings, hydrostatically unloaded forces 9 acting on the bush and compensate

distortions.

Thus, the use of the claimed technical solution allows CQ to reduce the dead volume of the working chamber (nD 12-15%) and the suction resistance.

path and thereby improve the suction capacity and energy parameters of the pump (efficiency and flow coefficient increases by 1.5-2%). This provides an improvement in the environmental situation through

noise reduction (by 2 dBA) and vibration; walkie-talkie. .

Claims (3)

1. Axial-plunger hydraulic machine, comprising a housing with a tordo distributor, a shaft mounted in supports with a cylinder block mounted on it, in the bores of which spring-loaded movable main cylinders with plungers are installed with closure to form working chambers resting one of their end surfaces on the counter the surface of the base of the cylinders, o, t l, and so that in order to increase service life and reliability by increasing the tightness of the piston chambers and self-installing spring-loaded cylinders along the length of the plunger to the end face of the cylinder base, the sealing length of the main movable cylinder is equal to at least two diameters of the plunger and a discharge chamber is made in it, and the end surface of the cylinder and the response surface of the base cylinders are made spherical. 2, the hydraulic machine according to claim 1, with the exception that the discharge chamber is made in the form of an external and internal discharge chambers connected by at least one radial channel, both discharge chambers being made in the form of annular bores on internal and external sealing surfaces of the main movable cylinder. 3. The hydraulic machine according to claim 1, with the exception that, in order to reduce volumetric losses in the discharge chamber, the external discharge chamber is made in the form of at least three chambers formed by tabs on the outer surface of the seal main movable cylinder and its inner annular groove.