RU181214U1 - DEVICE FOR CREATING A STEREOSCOPIC IMAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to hardware devices of computer equipment and is used as an output device of modern computer systems for obtaining high-quality three-dimensional stereoscopic images. A device for creating a stereoscopic image consisting of a display and two identical eyepieces placed in the field of view of the human right and left eyes, respectively, when this, each of the optical systems contains a lens that is mounted on the optical axis of the eyepiece, allowing you to create high-quality natural stereoscopic images, without violating the cohesion of the image, with an angular resolution higher than 1-2 '(about 0.02 ° -0.03 °). The technical result is to obtain stereoscopic three-dimensional images of very high quality. High image quality is ensured by optimal enlargement of the image of the displays and by optical conjugation of the pupils of the output of the optical system of the device with the entrance pupils of the observer's eyes. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to hardware devices of computer equipment and is used as an output device of modern computer systems to obtain high-quality three-dimensional stereoscopic images.

Known devices used to create three-dimensional stereoscopic images that can be used in various fields of science and technology. Usually, devices containing two optically separated screens that reproduce the corresponding images for the right and left eye of a person are used for this; Typically, such devices are made in the form of helmets or virtual reality glasses [Hale K.S., Stanney K.M. Handbook of Virtual Environments: Design, Implementation, and Applications, Second Edition]. In the simplest case, a small-sized LCD matrix is used, placed directly in the field of view of a person; also usually to focus the image on the retina when viewing a closely placed object (3-5 cm) an optical system (eyepiece) in the form of a plano-convex lens is used [Jerarld J. The VR Book: Human-Centered Design for Virtual Reality // Morgan & Claypool Publishers, 2015]. This is how Google Cardboard, Samsung Gear VR and a number of other systems are arranged, usually using a mobile phone display as an output device [Tranton P. Samsung Gear VR: An Easy Guide for Beginners // Conceptual Kings, 2016; Buckley P., Lardinos F. Virtual Reality Beginner's Guide + Google Cardboard Inspired VR Viewer // Regan Arts, 2014]. More sophisticated systems, such as the NTS Vive, use Fresnel lenses. The advantages of Fresnel lenses are a short focal length, small dimensions and weight - exactly what is required in virtual reality devices [Casterson S. Htc Vive: A Guide for Beginners // Conceptual Kings, 2016].

The main common drawback of these devices is that due to the presence of transitional edge sections between the zones, the level of spurious illumination and all kinds of “false images” is high (compared to conventional lenses and traditional lenses).

To eliminate these drawbacks, OculusRift C1 [Casterson S. OculusRift: ABeginner's Guide // Conceptual Kings, 2016] uses hybrid Fresnel lenses (variable thickness) to minimize spherical aberrations - the main problem of traditional spherical lenses.

Also, all of the above optical systems, except for pronounced spherical aberration, have another important negative property - they increase the image to one degree or another, as a result of which individual pixels (dots) on the LCD matrix (the so-called screen-dooreffect, SDE). This effect was first described by G. Dolgoff, one of the inventors of digital projectors [Kumparak G. A Brief History Of Oculus // TechCrunch, 2014] (Screen-door effect - “mosquito net effect”, or optical artifact (optical illusion) observed when using digital projectors when thin lines separating pixels become visible on the screen). The usual way to deal with this is to use increasingly high-quality specially made LCD matrices, however, you still cannot achieve full image clarity this way. The lack of image clarity leads to a decrease in realism when using such devices as virtual reality systems, and also makes it impossible to use them in a number of industries in which the highest image quality is required, for example, in medicine.

The most significant drawback of the considered devices is the fundamental impossibility of optical pairing of the exit pupils of their optical systems with the pupil of the eye of the observer. This is due to the fact that the exit pupil of such systems is the frame of the ophthalmic lens, which mechanically cannot be combined with the pupil of the entrance of the observer's eye - the image of the hole in the iris of the eye, which is located inside the eye - slightly behind the cornea. As a result of this discrepancy, vignetting (darkening) of the periphery of the visual field takes place and the observer has the feeling of “peeping into the keyhole”. This violates the visual perception of wide-angle fields of view, and also does not allow the use of such systems as simulators of observation optical instruments. Since the visual skills formed when working with these systems differ significantly from those necessary for the effective work of the observer with real optical systems that equip the human eye with a microscope, a slit lamp, binoculars, etc.

The closest device for creating a stereoscopic image are the virtual reality glasses described above, containing an LCD matrix for creating images and eyepieces of various devices. The main disadvantages of such systems are the low definition of the image and the inability to simulate the features of vision through various optical devices.

We are the first to propose a device for creating a stereoscopic image equipped with a special optical system that allows you to create high-quality stereoscopic images, without violating the cohesion of the image, with an angular resolution higher than 1-2 '(about 0.02 ° -0.03 °).

The technical result is to obtain stereoscopic three-dimensional images of very high quality. High image quality is ensured by optimal enlargement of the image of the displays and by optical conjugation of the pupils of the output of the optical system of the device with the entrance pupils of the observer's eyes.

A diagram of the optical system of the device for creating a stereoscopic image is shown in FIG. 1 where

1 - display (LCD matrix)

2 - lens

3 - eyepiece

4 - eyepiece housing

5 - device housing

6 - partition

7 - optical axis of the channel

8 - image of the right channel

9 is an image of the left channel.

It consists of a display (LCD matrix) 1 and two optically identical channels, each of which consists of a lens 2 and an eyepiece 3, assembled in a single case of the eyepiece 4 and installed in the device case with the ability to move perpendicularly and longitudinally to the optical axis. In Fig 1. for example, as an objective 2, we use the Cook triplet (an asymmetric anastigmat, characterized in that its middle lens is scattering, and the front and rear are collecting), as eyepiece 3 in this case, we use the standard microscope eyepiece (MBS- 10). In the proposed optical circuit of the device, it is possible to use various eyepieces 3 with their corresponding lenses 2, depending on the need to simulate the features of vision through a specific optical system. The image of the left channel 9 and the right channel 8 is displayed, respectively, on the right and left halves of the display, while the center of the image in each channel is aligned with the optical axis of the channel 7. Optical separation of the channels is carried out using an opaque partition 6, dividing the device into two equal parts . The apparent angular resolution of the channel d of the device is determined by the ratio

where d _pix is the transverse size of the element (pixel) of the display matrix, β _ob is the linear increase in the lens (less than unity modulo), L ₀ is the distance of the best view, taken equal to 250 mm, G _eur is the increase in the eyepiece.

Cases of the eyepieces 4 have the ability to move perpendicular to the optical axes 7 in order to provide adjustment of the interpupillary distance of the device to create a stereoscopic image within 55-75 mm The longitudinal movement of each of the eyepieces 3 along the optical axis relative to the body of the eyepiece 4 provides a diopter adjustment of the optical system of the microscope for the observer’s vision within ± 3 diopters. In this system, the exit pupil is the image of the aperture diaphragm of the lens 2, formed using the eyepiece 3 into the plane of the entrance pupil of the observer’s eye. In this case, the size and position (removal) of the exit pupil are close to those of a standard operating microscope. Since the lenses 2 form an inverted image of the display surface in the subject plane of the eyepiece, the images of the left channel 9 and the right channel 8 are also displayed inverted on the display.

In contrast to the known devices, the optical system of each channel proposed by us consists of two components - a lens 2, which forms a reduced image of the display matrix in the front focal plane of the eyepiece 3, and the eyepiece 3 itself, through which this image is observed. To obtain high quality, the image displayed on the display 1 in each channel is projected onto the subject plane of the eyepiece 3 using the lens 2 with a decrease of 5 or more times according to formula (1). Using our additional lens 2 provides the proposed system with two advantages over analogues: 1) the image of the display matrix 1 can be reduced by the required number of times in order to ensure high quality of the observed image, individual pixels of which are not resolved by the eye of the observer (there is no screen-dooreffect); 2) the image of the aperture diaphragm of the intermediate lens formed by the eyepiece is the exit pupil of the system, which is located behind the eyepiece and can be combined with the entrance pupil of the observer's eye. The used optical system has a low level of spurious illumination and all kinds of “false images” compared to the previously listed analogues.

The use of an additional lens 2 leads to some complication of the optical system and an increase in its weight and overall length, however, this is more than compensated by the fact that in this system almost any display 1 can be used, including a large one, with almost any pixel size, which makes it possible to use inexpensive displays; as well as the fact that the size and removal of the exit pupil of the system is determined by the design parameters of both the lens and the eyepiece and can vary widely. Thus, the use of the proposed device accurately reproduces the observation conditions for a specific optical device arming the human eye (telescope, theodolite, microscope, optical sight, slit lamp, binoculars, etc.), which is necessary when used in various simulators and simulators, including including medical purposes (surgical simulators, ophthalmic simulators, etc.).

It should be noted that the exit pupil of the optical systems of existing analogs is the aperture of the eyepiece, which is located in its body, and in principle cannot be combined with the entrance pupil of the observer's eye.

Thanks to the use of such an optical system, the following tasks are solved: due to the optimal increase in the image of the display matrix, high image clarity is ensured, without the possibility of a pixel array appear on it, and it is also possible to form the visual skills necessary for the efficient work of an observer using various optical devices (for example operating microscope).

Claims (1)

A device for creating a stereoscopic image, consisting of a display and two identical eyepieces placed in the field of view of the right and left eyes of a person, respectively, characterized in that each of the optical systems further comprises a lens mounted on the optical axis of the eyepiece and placed in a housing that is installed in the device with the ability to move along and perpendicular to the optical axis, an opaque partition is installed along the optical axis along the optical axis, dividing the body into two equal part.

Images