RU181172U1 - Flexible concrete cover with protective screen - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the construction of engineering protection to prevent the negative impact of water (hydraulic engineering). Engineering protection is a flexible concrete coating consisting of flexible concrete slabs. In turn, flexible concrete slabs are a set of concrete blocks (position 3), interconnected by a synthetic rope. The rope is closed from the damaging effects of sunlight by a protective shield. The protective screen, in particular, is crushed stone (position 1) of fraction 5-20, which is placed in the gaps (position 2) between the concrete blocks after the installation of flexible concrete slabs.

Description

The utility model relates to the construction of engineering protection to prevent the negative impact of water (hydraulic engineering).

A flexible concrete slab (GB slab) is a set of concrete blocks interconnected by a flexible connection (AC 251463). Thus, in general terms (generic term), a GB plate is a structure containing the following essential features:

1. Concrete blocks, mainly two rectangular truncated pyramids having a common larger base, ensure the safety of the protected object;

2. A flexible connection, made mainly from a rope, cable or other flexible rod element (hereinafter referred to as the rope), which is monolithic in the body of each concrete block, ensures the connection of concrete blocks into a single structure.

The disadvantage of GBP during operation, for example, when protecting the coast, is the destruction of the rope under the influence of sunlight and oxygen (air).

In accordance with GOST 30055-93 “Ropes made of polymer materials and combined”, the country's industry produces artificial ropes from the following materials:

- polyamide;

- polypropylene;

- polyester.

Due to their technical characteristics, ropes are not made of polyethylene.

According to the set of mechanical characteristics, in the production of HBP, the most often used polypropylene rope. However, these materials have low resistance to sunlight and oxygen. During the operation of polymeric materials under the influence of sunlight and oxygen, their gradual destruction occurs - destruction. This process proceeds with the breaking of bonds of the main macromolecular chain.

To reduce degradation, special substances (stabilizers) are added to the polymer (almost always in polypropylene), for example, soot, i.e. carbon technical grade K354 (GOST 7885-86 "Technical carbon for the production of rubber"). However, the addition of stabilizers only slows down the destruction, and does not exclude it.

The sun's rays act on the material of the rope through the gaps between the concrete blocks. Ideally, if you reduce the gap to zero, then the problem will be solved. However, to give the concrete blocks the proper shape, metal forming equipment is used, into which the concrete mixture is poured. The walls of the forming tool have a thickness of the order of 3-8 mm. Accordingly, the gap between the concrete blocks cannot be less than 6-16 mm in real conditions. This is an unacceptably large gap. It was proposed (patent No. 119751) to reduce the gap between concrete blocks to 1.2-5.3 mm. However, the implementation of this technical solution required to significantly reduce the thickness of the metal forming equipment, which led to a decrease in its service life. The practical implementation of the technical solution was not economically feasible.

It was proposed (patent No. 106629) to equip a relatively thin rim between concrete blocks that would:

- overlapped (in whole or in part) the gap between the concrete blocks, i.e. protected the rope from the sun;

- broke off when bending the GB plate, i.e. Provides flexibility to the product as a whole.

However, during the transportation of GB-plates from the place of manufacture to the place of laying at the construction site, the products are repeatedly overloaded:

- from the steaming chamber to the site in the workshop of the concrete plant;

- from the site in the workshop of the concrete plant to the car body;

- from a car body to a warehouse of a concrete plant;

- from the warehouse of the concrete plant to the car body;

- from a car body to a railway carriage and so on.

As a result of repeated overloads, the concrete rim is almost completely destroyed and ceases to fulfill its protective functions.

Another direction of protecting the rope from exposure to sunlight was the introduction of a synthetic fabric gasket into the GB plate, which overlapped the gaps between the concrete blocks and went beyond the boundaries of the GB plate (patent No. 2364678). To use this technical solution, it was required to cut windows in the fabric (ensuring the unity of the concrete mixture of the upper and lower parts of the concrete block), distribute the fabric accurately enough within the forming equipment and securely fasten it in each cell of the forming equipment to avoid its displacement during the pouring of the concrete mixture.

As a result, the use of synthetic gaskets significantly increased the cost of the GB-plate, which made it economically impractical to use this technical solution.

Numerous attempts immediately after the manufacture of the GB-slab at the concrete plant (before shipment of the GB-slabs to the consumer) to fix the sun screen (strips of fabric, rope or a similar element, mounting foam, etc.) in the gaps between the concrete blocks did not satisfy the criterion of "reliability".

Analysis of the current level of technology in the production of GB-plates showed the absence of technical solutions that would allow to reliably protect the rope GB-plates from exposure to sunlight during operation.

Thus, a contradiction arises. If you provide reliable protection of the rope of GB-plates from sunlight, then the cost of GB-plates increases significantly. If you reduce the cost of production of GB-plates, then there are no reliable designs.

The technical contradiction is resolved by spreading in time the manufacturing process of GB-plates, on the one hand, and the process of protecting the rope from the negative effects of sunlight, on the other hand.

The purpose of this utility model is to protect the rope after laying GB-plates at the construction site, that is, in conditions where further movement of GB-plates is excluded.

The objective (technical result) of the utility model is to change the design of a flexible concrete pavement (hereinafter referred to as GB-pavement) so that:

- the technical solution could be implemented at the construction site with the means available to construction organizations;

- the technical solution allowed to exclude the impact on the rope through the gaps between the concrete blocks of sunlight;

- the technical solution must be resistant to external factors, such as water flows, including flood waters;

- the technical solution must be resistant to man-made loads, including the weight of the car and the mooring vessels, as well as vandal or hooligan manifestations.

The technical result is achieved by introducing a protective shield into the GB coating, which would exclude the influence of sunlight on the rope through the cracks between the concrete blocks. Thus, the technical solution is a design containing the following essential features:

1. Restrictive signs:

- Concrete blocks, mainly two rectangular truncated pyramids, having a common larger base, - ensure the safety of the protected object;

- Flexible connection, made mainly from a rope, cable or other flexible rod element (hereinafter referred to as the rope), which is monolithic in the body of each concrete block of the cable, - provides the connection of concrete blocks into a single structure.

2. A distinctive feature is the presence of a screen that protects the rope between the concrete blocks from sunlight.

Crushed stone, mainly fractions 5-20, can be used as a protective screen.

In accordance with the existing rules, GB-plates are laid at the construction site. GB-plates are interconnected in GB-coating.

Crushed stone (mainly fractions 5-20) is poured on top of the collected GB coating and is leveled. In the process of leveling (Fig. 1), crushed stone (position 1) will fill (fully or partially) the space (position 2) between the concrete blocks of the GB-slabs (position 3).

Crushed stone caught in a relatively narrow space between concrete blocks will be resistant to external influences. Under the weight of construction equipment, humans, animals and the vibrations created by the water stream, the rubble will be compacted. Under the influence of silt deposits (soil deposits as a result of wind transportation), the gravel will be even more firmly fixed in the gaps between the concrete blocks and will be resistant to the effects of water flows during the flood period.

If necessary, without special expenses, the protective screen can be restored during the operation period (maintenance) of the shore protection hydraulic structure.

Claims (3)

1. Flexible concrete coating, comprising at least two flexible concrete slabs, consisting of a set of concrete blocks connected by a synthetic rope, characterized in that the gaps between the concrete blocks are protected by a crushed stone screen. 2. The coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushed stone is placed between the concrete blocks. 3. The coating according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushed stone has a fraction of 5-20.

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