RU1810461C - Drill bit - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: drilling equipment for rotary, core and planetary methods of drilling in rocks of various strengths. Essence: the body is made of sectors 8, the rim 6 is made of elastic material and the sleeve has an external annular groove 7. Sectors 8 are mounted on the rim 6 by fastening elements, which can be made in the form of radial slots on the rim 6, corresponding to the inner surface of the sectors 8 or in the form of fingers 9, or bolts with nuts 10. Sectors 8 with rock-cutting elements 5 can be made in the form of a diamond-containing matrix, and can be in the form of brackets installed with the possibility of covering the rim 6 on both sides. The holes 11 for the fasteners may be in the form of radial slots. During operation, dynamic loads on the rock cutting elements are reduced. 4. 4 sludge.

Description

The invention relates to drilling equipment and can be used for rotary, core and planetary drilling methods in rocks of various strengths.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and durability of the bit by reducing the dynamic loads on rock cutting elements while expanding the scope of its application.

Figure 1 is given a bit, a General view; figure 2 is the same side view; in Fig. 3, a one-shot bit for planetary drills; figure 4 is a section aa in fig.Z.

The bit consists of a body 1 with a threaded connection 2. On the body with the help of rotation axes 3, cones 4 with rock cutting elements 5 are installed. Each cone is equipped with an elastic rim 6 made of hard rubber. The rim is mounted on the cone body in an annular groove 7. Sectors 8 are arranged on the rim independently of each other, made in the form of brackets covering the rim from the axial sides. The sectors are attached to the rim using fasteners made in the form of pins 9 (see Fig. 1) or bolts 10 (see Fig. 3) with nuts. The fingers 9 are mounted in the holes 11 of the rim and the corresponding holes of the sectors and are fixed, for example, with wire. Sectors 8 can be buried in the body of the rim (figure 4), i.e. mounted in radial grooves mating to the inner surface of the rim. On the working surface of the rim 6 there are installed rock cutting elements 5, which can be made in the form of cutters, carbide pins (figure 2) or diamond-containing layer (figure 4), holes 11 can be made in the form of radial slots 12 (figure 4 ) The bit can be made single-cone (Fig. 3) and in this case it can be used for working in planetary drills or coring when the cones are offset from the center of the body to pass the core (this option is not shown in the drawings).

The work of the proposed bit in the face is as follows. When the bit is rotated, the cones 4 roll over the face and come into contact with the rock with the armament of sectors 8. During the defeat of the face, the rock cutting elements 5 perceive dynamic loads arising due to unevenness of the side, as well as uneven deformation of the drill string. These loads are transmitted to sectors 8, and from them to the rims 6 and, due to the elasticity of the latter, are effectively de-ф -muffered. Since the sectors are made separate, they are with different

various sections of the rim are deformed in intensity, the extreme lower part of the rim being subjected to the greatest deformation, and the smallest sections adjacent to the horizontal axis of the cone. Therefore, in spite of deformations in the vertical direction, the bit ensures stability of a given drilling diameter with its undeformed horizontal parts of the cutters.

The advantages of the proposed bit in comparison with the known devices are as follows. The loads perceived by the cone armament are intensively damped, due to which breakages and chips of rock cutting elements are eliminated and overall the reliability and durability of the bit are increased. This property is especially valuable when using pin and diamond elements, prone to severe cleavage in solid rocks. The scope of the bit is expanding due to the possibility of using sectors with various types of weapons:

cutter, pin, diamond. In this case, it becomes possible during the drilling process to quickly change weapons depending on the changing rock properties by replacing sectors. Bit life is enhanced by replacing worn sectors with new ones. At the same time, the replacement of the most elastic rim along with all sectors is not excluded. The manufacture of the bit is simplified, since the armament is mounted on removable sectors, and not on cones, as in the known bits. Equipping removable sectors with rock-cutting elements is much simpler and more technologically advanced.

Claims (4)

1. A bit containing a body and rock-breaking elements installed around the perimeter of the body, characterized in that, in order to increase the life of the cone by reducing the dynamic loads on the rock-cutting elements and expand the scope, the body is made in the form of sectors, an elastic rim material and bushings with an external annular groove, the rim being installed in the GOOCHO annular groove with the hub, sectors secured to the rim by means of fasteners, and rock cutting elements mounted on sectors. 2. A bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the sectors with rock-cutting the elements are made in the form of a diamond-containing matrix, and the fastening elements are made in the form of radial slots on the rim, corresponding to the inner surface of the sectors. 3. A bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the sectors are made in the form of brackets arranged to cover the rim on both sides thereof, and the fastening elements are made in the form of fingers or bolts with nuts installed in the holes of the rim made in a circle, concentric axis of the cone, and in the corresponding holes of the sectors. 4. The bit according to claims 1 and 3, characterized by the fact that the holes on the rim are made in the form of radial slots. Fia. 2