RU1808504C - Device for drilling square holes - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: machine tool construction, namely, devices for producing square holes with a tri-prism prismatic tool. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The device comprises a drive shaft 1, a spindle 2, and a sleeve 3 mounted in bearings. The spindle 2 is placed inside the sleeve 3 with the possibility of controlling the eccentricity and is connected to the shaft 1 by a mechanism 7, which provides compensation for the lateral displacement of their axes and synchronous transmission of rotation. The sleeve 3 is rotated from the drive shaft 1 through a gear system that rotates the spindle 2 and sleeve 3 in opposite directions with a gear ratio of 1: 3. Spindle 2 contains. there is a cartridge 16 with a regular triangular tool 17, the size of the side of the triangle of the cross section of which is equal to the side of the square of the hole being machined. 2 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to machine tools and can be used to obtain square holes with a tri-prism prismatic tool.

Figure 1 is a kinematic diagram of a device for drilling square holes; figure 2 - rotation diagram of an equilateral arc formed by arcs of radius B, inside a square with side B.

The device comprises a drive shaft 1, a spindle 2 and a cylindrical sleeve 3 installed in the bearing bearings 4, 5 and 6, respectively, the Spindle 2 is located inside the sleeve 3 with the ability to control the eccentricity and is connected to the drive shaft 1 by a mechanism 7, providing compensation for the lateral displacement of their axes and synchronous transmission of rotational movement, for example, with a universal universal joint or floating coupling with a sliding cracker. The rotation of the drive shaft 1 is carried out from the electric motor 8 through the V-belt transmission 9. The rotation of the sleeve 3 is carried out from the drive shaft 1 by means of a gear system consisting of a gear wheel 1, rigidly mounted on the drive shaft 1, an intermediate gear wheel 11, an intermediate shaft. 12 with gears 13 and 14 and gear 15 rigidly mounted on sleeve 3. The gear system creates a rigid kinematic connection between the spindle and sleeve, ensuring their rotation in opposite directions X with the transmission ratio 1: 3. The spindle 2 is equipped with a chuck 16 and a regular triangular drill 17, the size of the side of the triangle of the cross section of which is equal to the side of the square of the hole being machined.

When the device is operating, spindle 2 provides axial rotation of the drill 17, and sleeve 3 - circular transverse movement of the axis of the drill 17 in the opposite direction with a radius equal to the eccentricity e established between the sleeve 3 and spindle 2, the magnitude of which is related to the size of the side of the square hole B ratio, 07735В Changing this ratio will distort the shape of the square hole. With increasing e, a square with concave sides is obtained, with decreasing e, with convex sides.

The process of drilling square holes using a regular triangular drill is based on the property of a regular curved triangle formed by arcs of a certain radius with centers at its vertices (equal arc triangle) to fit into a square with a side equal to this radius. On the diagram

(FIG. 2) shows the position of the equilateral arc triangle that has made a complete revolution inside the square in the clockwise direction, starting from the initial / first / position AiBiCi with the center From, and

further, after every 45 °, a total of eight positions, the Sequence number of the position is indicated in the form of indices near the letters of the vertices and the center of the triangle. A full revolution of the triangle will be completed after it returns to its original position.

It can be seen from the diagram that when an equilateral arc triangle rotates clockwise, its vertices copy the shape of a square,

partially rounded its corners, and the center of the triangle moves around the center of the square O in a circle with a diameter d in the counterclockwise direction. Moreover, the rotation of the equilateral arc triangle by

every 45 ° corresponds to the displacement of the center of the triangle by an angle three times larger / 45 ° x3 135 ° /. For example, when a triangle rotates 45 ° from the AiBiCi.B position, the position of the AaBaCa center shifts from

position Oi to position 02, i.e., at .135 °.

Thus, a full revolution of an equidistant triangle / regular triangular drill / clockwise

corresponds to three full revolutions of its center around the center of the square / square hole / around the diameter d in the counterclockwise direction, therefore, between the rotation frequencies

triangle w and its center, the relation w is observed. oi 1: 3.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A device for drilling square holes, comprising a spindle bearing three-prism prismatic tool, and rotational and circular movement mechanisms of the spindle connected to the drive shaft, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity by to increase the speed of rotation of the spindle and to simplify the changeover of the device when drilling holes of various sizes, the mechanism of circular movements of the spindle is made in the form of a sleeve, in which the spindle is transversely moved, and the connection between the drive shaft and the sleeve is carried out by means of gears inserted into the device with the transmission 1: 3 ratio, with the sleeve mounted in the opposite direction of rotation to rotate in the direction of the spindle. Fig 2.