RU1807176C - Retaining structure - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A retaining structure includes blocks laid in beds and drainage devices. Each block is formed from a filler enclosed in flexible panels. As a filler used sandy soil. Flexible cloths are made of soilproof filtering material. Drainage devices are made of perforated pipes, which are placed between the blocks in all beds, with a slope corresponding to the slope of the blocks. 1 C.p. f-ls, 1 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to building structures and can be used in the construction of retaining walls for various purposes, experiencing the pressure of the filtration flow or groundwater from the backfill side.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the structure by reducing the filtration pressure on the inner surface of the blocks and protecting the protruding parts of the blocks from mechanical damage.

The drawing shows a cross section of a structure.

The retaining structure includes blocks formed from flexible panels 1, forming sinuses, which are filled with sandy soil 2, and laid in height by the Russ, as well as drainage devices made of perforated pipes 3, placed between the blocks in all Rus. Each perforated pipe 3 is closed

from the rear end with a perforated plug 4. Flexible panels 1 of the upper and lower surface of the blocks and perforated pipes 3 are laid with a slope towards the face of the structure; The flexible webs 1 are made of a soil-impermeable filter material, such as, for example, bidim, non-woven material, mandrel, and the like. The thickness of the flexible panels 1, the dimensions of the blocks of each channel in the cross section of the structure, the diameter of the perforated pipes 3 of the drainage devices and the frequency of their placement along the length of the structure are determined by calculating the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material of the flexible panels 1 and sandy soil 2, which the sinuses formed by the flexible panels 1 are filled, as well as from the parameters of the hydrological regime of the groundwater beyond the face of the structure. .-

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 ABOUT

In the embodiment of the proposed retaining structure shown in the drawing, the blocks are limited by flexible panels 1, which are not closed from the rear side of the blocks. In addition, in this case, the structure is equipped with a protective fence made, for example, in the form of vertically mounted reinforced concrete slabs 5. Reinforced concrete slabs are placed close to each other along the structure and supported with their lower ends on the reinforced concrete corner elements b, which are installed in the trench 7, dug in natural soil 8 and filled with crushed stone soil 9. The upper part of reinforced concrete slabs 5 in the fastening nodes 10 is connected by means of anchor rods 11 with anchor supports 12. The cavity between the reinforced concrete slabs 5 and the protruding parts of the blocks bounded by flexible panels 1 are also filled with crushed stone soil 9.

When laying blocks and perforated pipes 3, the requirements according to which the angle o. their inclination towards the front face of the structure relative to the horizontal should be less than each of the two friction angles of the material of one panel 1 over the other and the material of the panel 1 of the lower bed along the gravelly soil 9.

In the lower part of the reinforced concrete slabs 5, openings 13 are made through which pipes 14 are passed to discharge groundwater coming from the side of the structure. The proposed retaining structure operates as follows.

When erecting a structure, conditions are created which, during its operation, completely prevent the possibility of a unified collapse prism inside the backfill of sandy soil 2 over the entire height of the protective fence. To ensure that these conditions are met, blocks are laid in height on the surface of the gravelly soil 9 filling the trench 7, the internal sinuses of which are bounded by unclosed flexible panels 1 and filled with sandy soil 2. Reinforcing the sandy soil 2 with backfill can drastically reduce its active pressure on the inner surface of the blocks.

Due to the fact that the blocks and drainage devices in the form of perforated pipes 3 are laid with a slope towards the face of the structure, the filtration rate of groundwater flowing through the holes 13 in the reinforced concrete slabs 5 of the protective fence is increased and at the same time

their level falls beyond the face of the structure. As a result, a decrease in the filtration pressure on the inner surface of the blocks occurs. Wherein

The filtration stream enters the drainage devices in two ways. One part of the specified stream penetrates into the sandy soil 2, with which the blocks are filled, from their open rear side, then passes

through the permeable material of the flexible panels 1 and enters the internal cavities of the perforated pipes 3 through their side surfaces adjacent to the flexible panels 1. Another part of this stream

enters the internal cavity of the perforated pipes 3 directly through the perforated plugs 4 mounted on their rear ends. Next, the filtration stream is poured through open

the outer ends of the perforated pipes 3, placed between the blocks in all beds, and then falls into the cavity filled with crushed stone soil 9, which is located between the reinforced concrete slabs 5 of the protective fence and the protruding parts of the blocks.

Groundwater is discharged from the face of the structure by means of pipes 14 passed through holes 13 in the lower part of the reinforced concrete slabs 5 of the protective fence.

Due to the fact that the flexible panels 1 forming the blocks are made of not only water-permeable, but also soil-impermeable material, it is possible to avoid the transport of particles of sandy soil 2 due to the face of the structure and thereby prevent subsidence of its territory.

Thanks to the fact that all the blocks are laid with an inclination towards the front face of the structure at an angle a to the horizontal, which should be less than each of the two friction angles of the material of one panel 1

the other and the material of the panel 1 of the lower bed along the gravelly soil 9, it is possible to avoid disturbing the stability of the structure by a flat shift along the contacts between the surfaces of the flexible

panels 1, forming blocks of the lower rus, and the surface of crushed stone

9, as well as between the surfaces of the flexible panels 1, forming adjacent blocks of all layers.

The main purpose of the protective fence in the form of reinforced concrete slabs 5 is to protect the flexible panels 1 from which the blocks are formed from mechanical damage, as a result of which sandy rash could occur

soil 2 from the sinuses formed by flexible panels 1.

The presence of reinforced concrete slabs also makes it possible to form a cavity between them and the blocks. When this cavity is filled with crushed stone soil 9, a favorable vertical filtration path is created for the ground water when they are removed from the backfill. Reinforced concrete slabs 5 also serve to absorb the active pressure of the sandy soil 2 and the filtration pressure, insignificant in magnitude.

The active pressure of the sandy soil 2 and the filtration pressure transmitted to the reinforced concrete slabs 5 of the protective fence through the crushed stone soil 9, which fills the cavity between the reinforced concrete slabs 5 and the protruding parts of the blocks, are perceived by two supports. These supports are the nodes 10 for fastening the anchor rods 11 of the anchor device in the upper part of the reinforced concrete slabs 5, as well as the vertical shelves of the reinforced concrete corner elements 6, in which the lower ends of the reinforced concrete slabs abut 5. Further, the forces are respectively transferred from the anchor rods 11 to the anchor supports 12 and then onto the sandy soil 2 by backfill and from the corner elements 6 through the gravelly soil 9 filling the trench 7 onto the natural soil 8 before construction.

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The use of perforated pipes 3 as drainage devices makes it possible to clean the perforated pipes 3 in the event of clogging, after removing the protective fence in the form of reinforced concrete slabs 5 and removing crushed stone soil 9 from the cavity, which is located between the reinforced concrete slabs 5 of the protective fence and protruding parts mi blocks.

Claims (2)

1. Retaining structure, including blocks laid in beds, each of which is formed from a filler enclosed in flexible panels, and drainage devices, characterized in that, p. to improve the reliability of the structure due to the decrease in filtration pressure, sandy soil was used as a filler, flexible panels made of soil-tight filter material, and drainage devices made of perforated pipes placed between the blocks in all beds with a slope corresponding to the slope of the blocks. 2. The construction under item 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a protective fence of anchored reinforced concrete slabs, placed in front of the blocks with a gap filled with crushed stone soil.