RU1806406C - Time distribution system - Google Patents

Abstract

The time distribution system comprises a primary clock, an amplification box, radio lines, filter elements, and a secondary clock. The signals that control the secondary electric clock are a constant current electric current, which is supplied from the rechargeable battery through the inductor and the polarized relay contacts controlled from the primary electric clock to the output capacitor of the amplification set-top box connected in series with the output winding of the radio transformer sound transformer , and the secondary clock is connected to the lines of the radio network, through a filter from a series-connected inductor and capacitor, while before entering the radio amik installed for separating the DC voltage of the capacitor. 1 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to electrical and radio engineering and relates to the design of a centralized control system for secondary electric clocks along the lines of a radio network.

A secondary electric clock control system is known, comprising a primary electric clock with an amplifying part, secondary electric clock and a communication line between them.

The disadvantage of the above system is that it requires special wiring for installation, the installation of which increases the cost of the system to such an extent that there is no economic possibility of using the latter in domestic applications.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the distribution process of time using a radio network line.

The goal is achieved in that the specific choice of communication links is radio network links; the specific signal controlling the secondary electric clock is a 30 V DC electric current, which is supplied from the battery through the inductor and the polarized relay contacts, controlled from the primary electric clock, to the output capacitor of the amplification set-top box, connected in series with the output winding of the sound transformer of the radio unit , and the secondary clock is connected to the lines of the radio network through a filter from a series-connected drossel and a parallel-connected capacitor, while in front of A constant-voltage dividing capacitor is installed in the radio speaker.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a centralized control system

00

o o o o o o

with

toric electric clock 1 along the lines of the radio network 2. This system contains an amplifying electric set-top box, including: a rechargeable battery 3, which is a constant voltage source necessary for the operation of the secondary electric clock; an inductor 4, which smoothes out the aforementioned voltage at switch-on times, in order to prevent radio interference; a polarized relay 5 with contacts 6-11, necessary for controlling from the primary electric clock 12 the inclusion and polarization of the voltage of the battery 3 to the output capacitor 13 of the set-top box; the output capacitor 13, being an alternating (sound) voltage conductor, is necessary for introducing a constant voltage of the battery behind the radio network line 2.

Secondary clock 1 is connected to the radio network 2 through an AC voltage filter, consisting of a series interconnect 16 and a parallel capacitor 17.

The radio speaker 18 is connected to a single radio outlet 19 with an electric clock 1 (radio clock) through a constant-voltage dividing capacitor 20.

A constant voltage signal of 30 V without additional amplification will be directly the driving force of the electromechanism of the secondary clock (radio clock).

Resistance 21 with a nominal value of 1-2 kOhm is not a part of the system under consideration - this is a part of the radio network - a power limiter, installed in front of each radio outlet.

The operation of the system according to its concept is as follows.

When the polarized relay 5 is de-energized, its movable, mechanically connected contacts 7 and 10 are in the middle open position. When a constant voltage of ± 24 V is applied from the amplifying part of the primary electric clock 12, the contacts 7-6 and the contacts 10-9 of the latter are closed on the polarized relay 5, and an amplifier circuit is formed from + from the battery 3 - (30 V) through throttle 4, contacts 10-9 of relay 5, output capacitor 13 of the amplifier, then radio line 2, restrictive resistance 21, radio socket-plug 19, throttle 16. secondary clock 1 and reverse plug-radio 19, radio 2, output winding 14 s a transformer of a radio node 15, an output capacitor of an amplifier set-top box 13, contacts 6-7 of a relay 5 and minus the battery (30 V) of a power set-top box.

When the polarized relay 5 is de-energized, the movable contacts 7 and 10 are set to their middle - open position - the circuit described above is disconnected.

When applying a constant voltage of ± 24 V (voltage across the polarity, opposite to the first case) from the amplifying part of the primary electric clock 12 to the polarized relay 5 - contacts are closed

5 7-8 and contacts 10-11 - the above-described circuit will close, but only in the opposite polarity to the first case. Such a change in polarity when applying a constant voltage to the secondary electric clock 1 (clock radio) every minute is necessary for the normal operation of the latter.

To reduce the DC voltage drop at the limiting resistance 21, in front of the radio speaker, 5

into the same radio outlet with

With the secondary electric clock 1, it is necessary to set a constant-voltage isolation capacitor 20.

Information for estimating the amount of possible interference of the time signal of the main operation of the radio transmission network.

In order to estimate the amount of radio interference in the main operation of the radio network, the author of the application has two options for checking:;

5 - the first embodiment is carried out by practical listening to the current system layout available to the author of the application, namely, the moments are turned on and no time signals for hearing are detected 0;

- the second option for greater accuracy in measuring radio interference in the radio network by the author of the application is given in order to confirm the first option.

5, the description of this option also includes the use of the current model of the proposed system with the use of possible interference in the radio network measurement, an oscilloscope of type C1-68,

0 The possible interference was measured by the author of the application in two ways:

The first method is to use the circuit of the proposed system in working condition without turning on the main radio signal.

5, when a constant voltage signal of 30 V was included in the circuit that controls the secondary electric clock, the latter was measured at the terminals of the primary winding of the sound transformer, the radio speaker 18, connected to

full volume. The C1- 68 oscilloscope beam, tuned to an input sensitivity of 1 V, did not respond.

The second method is to use the circuit of the proposed system in working condition with the radio signal turned on (the author of the application used the industrial frequency of the power supply network as a radio signal, 50 Hz with a voltage of 30 V).

In this case, the oscilloscope beam produced the shape and amplitude of the sine wave of the industrial frequency of the power supply network - 50 Hz, and when the constant voltage was turned on - the control signal of the electric clock - the given sine wave did not completely change its shape.

The possible error in the measurement of the C1-68 oscilloscope does not exceed 5% (their technical passport of the latter), which means that the possible interference in the radio network during measurement did not exceed this value.

Even assuming that a high-impedance radio speaker is connected without a filter and a transformer - directly to a constant voltage, changing at a nominal value from 9 to 30 V over a period of 0.5 s, then the interference in this case can be seen only visually, observing a radio receiver diffuser, which at the same time shifts from its middle position to the extreme front (or rear, depending on the polarity of the signal). But the air vibration generated by such a movement of the diffuser over the specified time, the human ear is not able to perceive. And even more so, when the constant voltage, filtered, does not reach the voice coil, the radio dynamics - the radio noise is completely excluded.

About the transmission of electrical signals of constant voltage time along the lines of a radio network:

1. It is known that the most economical type of electrical voltage for transmitting over long distances through wires is an electric current of a higher - constant voltage, which is explained by the absence - in comparison with alternating voltages - of a shunt (inter-wiring) capacitance.

Since the emf of the alternating (sound) voltage signals travels the required distance along the lines of the radio network, the more the emf of the constant voltage signals From the primary clock, the same distance will pass along the same electric lines.

2. The drop in the constant voltage over the entire section from the primary clock to the secondary will not be decisive, since the current consumed by the secondary clock of the Strela type is slightly lower than the maximum current required for a standard two-wave 5-hour radio speaker, but, since there will still be a drop in voltage with increasing length of the radio line, in order to reduce this phenomenon, the constant voltage from the amplifying set-top box of the primary electric clock should be the maximum for which p radio network, namely - 30 V (or more, up to 50), while the secondary clock should have a normal operation range of about 15 to 30 V.

5 Currently available electric clocks of the Strela type, rated for 24 V, also have their own range of normal operation, namely from 18 to 24 and more volts.

0 3. The reason for the possibility of a secondary electric clock with a normal range of operation from 15 to 30 V is that these secondary electric clocks, which will be used in domestic applications for

5 size, - in comparison with the existing secondary electric clocks of the Strela type, will be approximately 30 times less, therefore, the mass of the electromechanism of the latter will also be significantly less, which

0 will lead to a decrease in the required current for their operation and a corresponding decrease in the drop in the direct voltage on the radio network lines.

Derivation of the formula for determining the face value

5, the capacitance of the output capacitor 13 is as follows:

- We experimentally determine the capacitance of the capacitor 13 for passing through it a radio load of one standard

0 30-volt 2-watt radio speaker ..

This passage should be without frequency cutoff, which is observed when using a capacitor of insufficient capacity, primarily in the range of low (sound) frequencies.

The lowest frequency of a 30-volt radio network is 60 Hz.

For a greater guarantee of correctness

0 selection of the capacitance value of the capacitor 13 - during the experiment - the author of the application used a lower frequency - the frequency of the industrial mains 50 Hz voltage 30 V.

5 Using a circuit in operating condition and an oscilloscope of type C1-68. we measure the slope of the signal amplitude before the capacitor 13 and after the capacitor.

For a capacitor with a nominal value of at least 0.7 μF, the amplitude slope

both measurements are the same, which means that the signal passes through the capacitor without cutting.

A possible error in the nonlinearity of the screen of the C1-68 oscilloscope (from the data sheet of the latter) is not more than 5%.

Considering the possible error in the measurement of the oscilloscope, as well as the decrease in the capacitance of the capacitor when it is eliminated, it is advisable to increase the above capacitance value (0.7 μF) to 1 μF.

Taking into account the inter-wiring capacitance of the radio network lines to alternating voltage, the corrected value of the capacitance (1 μF), the capacitor 13 should be increased a second time — an example is 2 times.

So, the final ratio of the nominal capacitance of the capacitor 13 to the load passed through it, is as follows .. ..-... v, ...

1 From these relationships follows-

013mkF 1N W, G where 013 is the rated capacitance of the capacitor 13; .

1 is the coefficient of the ratio of the capacitance of the capacitor to the radio load transmitted through it, N is the power of the radio network (or the consumed power of the load).

In the process of creating the first experimental system for controlling the secondary electric clock along the lines of the radio network, it is possible to decrease the ratio of the ratio.

The requirement for the nominal value of throttle -4.

Regarding the requirements for nominal throttle ratios, the following is known.

From technical literature on this subject - Bramdas A.M. and Savinovsky Yu.A. Chokes of filters of radio equipment. M .: Sov. Radio, 1962, three types of chokes are known:

 AC chokes,

- smoothing chokes of electric filters,

-Saturation chokes.

In the same edition, separate calculations for each type of throttle are given.

The closest to these requirements are saturation throttle properties. 5 The requirements for throttle 4 in the proposed system are as follows:

- at the moment of switching on the constant voltage by the contacts of relay 5, a signal with a nominal value of 30 V in a closed circuit is accumulator 3,

0 throttle 4, capacitor 13 - must be completely absorbed by the turns of the throttle coil 4. And as the saturation of the magnetic core gradually increases, which is part of the properties of chokes of all varieties,

5, the current strength of the above circuit increases proportionally, i.e. the capacitor 13 is gradually charged, the speed of which depends not only on the inductive and active resistances

0 turns of throttle coil, but also from the rated capacitance of the capacitor 13.

Despite the great similarity between saturation throttle properties, throttle calculation 4

must be individual and fulfilled

5 at first experimentally when creating the first prototype of the system in the laboratory. Only after this is it possible to determine the calculation formula

Throttle 4, depending on the capacity of the systems being created. At the same time, the need for a fourth type of chokes is obvious, namely smoothed-on chokes, and the real execution of this task is possible only under special laboratory conditions.

Data for other parts, applied e-. Mykh in the proposed system:

- capacitors 17 and 20 -1 μF 50 V;

- inductor 16 is similar to sound transformer radio speaker 18 without using its secondary (output) winding:

- calculation and selection of polarized re-. le 5 with contacts 6 to 11 by known methods 5 under laboratory conditions;

- The primary clock is selected type PklZ-24;

- Secondary electric clocks - type Arrow, made in smaller dimensions.

Claims (1)

0 Claims A time distribution system including primary and secondary electric clocks and a communication line between them, characterized in that, in order to simplify the distribution process by using a radio network, it is equipped with an amplifying set-top box connected to the primary clock, consisting of a polarized relay, connected via a choke to a DC source, and a capacitor  f at the output, and with a filter connected to the throttle and parallel-secondary clock, which consists of a series-connected capacitor.