RU1804934C - Detonation gas die forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: metal forming, manufacturing in individual and small-scale production by stamping or dividing into parts. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A device for detonating gas stamping comprises a pulse chamber with a detonation tube located above the workpiece, a source of gaseous energy carrier in the form of a gas generator, the housing of which is mounted on the chamber and has a working cavity partially filled with gas-cutting reagents, communicated by the channel with the chamber cavity, an ignition unit. The channel communicating the cavities of the chamber and the gas generator is made in the form of a block of tubes with a diameter not exceeding that critical for the gas energy carrier. An activator in the form of a coil is installed in the working cavity of the gasifier, one end of the tube of which is located in the channel communicating the cavity of the chamber and the gas generator, and the other above the level of gas-forming reagents. The gas generator housing is made in a toroidal shape, located coaxially with a pulsed chamber and provided with heat-removing plates facing the workpiece. The heat sink plates are connected to the body of the gas generator shernirno. 4 s.p., f-ly, 3 ill. with

Description

. The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in the manufacture of products under the conditions of individual and small-scale production by stamping or dividing into parts.

The aim of the invention is to expand technological capabilities, reduce costs and increase operational safety.

On Fig, 1 is a longitudinal section of the device, a General view; in FIG. 2 - gas generator with heat sink plates, longitudinal section; in FIG. 3 - pulse camera with heat sink plates, plan.

The device comprises a pulse chamber 1 with a sealing unit 2 in the form of an easily destructible membrane and with a detonation tube 3, an energy carrier prepress unit 4, a gas generator 6, the housing 7 of which is mounted on the chamber and has a partially filled with gas-forming reagents. A working cavity communicating with the channel 8 s cavity of the pulse chamber.

The gas generator is provided with channels 9 and 10, respectively, for supplying a reagent and removing reaction products that are hermetically sealed when generating energy (covers are not shown conventionally).

The reagents can be substances that form a combustible gas or gases, which form an explosive mixture-energy carrier in a mixture with the device’s air.

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4

Such substances can be acids and metals (hydrogen evolution), calcium carbide and water (acetylene evolution), etc.

The gas generator is provided with a cover 11. In the cavity of the gas generator, an activator 12 is mounted in the form of a coil, one end of the tube 4 of which is located above the level of the reagents 13 filling half the gas generator (shown conditionally), and the other B is located in the channel communicating with the cavity of the pulse chamber and the gas generator. The channel communicating the cavity of the gas generator and the pulse chamber is made (Fig. 2) in the form of a block of tubes 14 with a diameter not exceeding the critical value for a gas energy carrier, for example, for acetylene — not more than one meter. The gas generator housing 7 is made in a toroidal shape, located coaxially with the pulse chamber and is equipped with heat-removing plates 15. The heat-removing plates 15 are pivotally connected to the body of the gas generator on the surface facing the workpiece. For more intensive heating of the workpiece, the heat-conducting plates can be made in the form of sectors (Fig. 3) made of copper or other material with high thermal conductivity.

The gas generator is mounted at an angle a to the axis of the pulse chamber within 45 °.

The device operates as follows. ...

On the pulse chamber 1 with the sealing unit 2, the gas generator 6 is pre-mounted with the volume of the cavity CG, corresponding to the maximum pressure in the cavity of the pulse chamber. The gas generator volume can be found approximately according to the Boyle-Mariotte law:

PrVr PM.K. (VH.K. + Vr),

where Rg.Ri.k. - accordingly, the initial pressure in the cavity of the gas generator and the pressure in the cavity of the pulse chamber (equal to the final pressure in the cavity of the gas generator after gas expansion).

Vr, VH.K, respectively the volumes of the gas generator and the pulse chamber.

From where, after a simple conversion, the required volume of the gas generator can be determined.

Vr VM.K. -EH-

. R.K.

.For the technological processes of sheet stamping it was established experimentally in most cases using β-acetylene as the energy carrier, which is set for design reasons; pressure ratio

in the gas generator and the pulse chamber should not exceed 2-10, which allows you to select a minimum volume gas generator that meets the requirements for

the manufacture of parts from various materials. rials and sizes with the provision of the required pressure during stamping.

After installing the gas generator, the device is placed on the workpiece (conditionally not

0 is shown) and reagents are introduced into the cavity of the gasifier through channel 9 (or channels) to generate a gas energy carrier. When using acetylene as an energy carrier in the gasifier chamber, first

5 place water, and then calcium carbide (a carbide system in water) is introduced, while sealing channel 8 with a cap or a stopper (not shown conventionally).

Reagents released by reaction

0 13 (for example, calcium carbide and water), the energy carrier 5 is accumulated in the gas generator capacity and squeezed out under increased pressure (up to 200 and more kPa) through channel 8 into the pulse cavity

5. chambers before pressure equalization in it and the gas generator.

Upon reaching the required initial pressure Р.к. 15 .., 200 kPa occurs using the ignition unit 4, ignition and detonation of energy carrier 5 in detonation tube 3 and pulse chamber 1.

Explosion occurs, stamping of the part and depressurization of the device.

In a chemical reaction between reactants and energy carrier generation, the tube. the activator coil is heated to high temperatures (up to 200 or more degrees), which contributes to the evaporation of existing water particles in the energy carrier and

0 to their splitting into atoms, i.e. activation of the combustible mixture. This is also facilitated by the placement in the channel 8 of the block of tubes 14, which are an element of resistance and increase the contact time of energy carriers with the activator, as well as the installation of a gas generator at an angle of 20 °: Sa S 45 °. to the axis of the pulse camera.

Taking into account the high temperature effect during energy carrier generation, for example acetylene, the gas generator is made in the form of a toroidal container (Fig. 2,3) and mounted coaxially with the pulse chamber.

To increase the ductility of the workpiece, reduce stress

5 by deformation by increasing the heat transfer zone to the gas generator, its lower surface, the heat-removing plates 15, the total area of which corresponds to the dimensions of the processed surface of the workpiece, are pivotally mounted. The heat generated contributes to the heating of the preform sections to temperatures of 150-250 ° C (depending on the amount and composition of the reagents).

After stamping the workpiece and venting (venting) the products into the atmosphere, the detonations open the channel 10 of the gas generator through which liquid or solid products are removed by reaction-washing or stitching in a specially provided sump. On this, the processing cycle is completed and the device is transported to the processing center; the part of the attack to prepare the device for stamping.

Claims (5)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A device for detonation gas stamping, comprising a pulse chamber placed above a workpiece with a detonating tube, a source of gaseous energy carrier supplied to the chamber, and an ignition unit, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities, reduce cost and increase safety works, the source of the gaseous energy carrier is made in the form of a gas generator, the casing of which is mounted on the chamber and has a working cavity partially filled with gas-forming reagents, with communication channel with the cavity of the chamber. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel communicating the cavity chamber and gas generator, made in the form block of tubes with a diameter not exceeding critical for gas energy. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an activator installed in the working cavity of the gas generator in the form of a coil, one end of the tube of which is located in the channel that communicates the chamber and gas generator cavities, and the other above the level of gas-forming reagents. 4. Device pop. 1, characterized in that the body of the gas generator is made in a toroidal shape, is located coaxially with the pulse chamber and is equipped with heat-removing plates on the surface facing the workpiece. 5. The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heat sink plates are connected to the body of the gas generator in a hinged manner. 45 3 .8 .7 a ,P