RU1804688C - Electrode of mhd generator - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The electrode of an MHD generator comprises an open ceramic vessel filled with molten metal. From the side of the firing surface, a fiber ceramic material impregnated with slag is introduced into the vessel, which covers the surface of the metal melt. The fibrous material is partially submerged in the melt. 1 C.p. f-ls, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to energy and can be used for magnetohydrodynamic conversion of energy, in particular, combustion products of coal fuel.

An object of the invention is to increase energy conversion efficiency and increase electrode life.

Figure 1 shows an electrode of an MHD generator. section, and its fastening: figure 2 - section aa in figure 1: -on fig.Z - section bB in figure 1.

The electrode of the MHD generator includes a ceramic tank 2 exiting to the firing surface 1 with a metal melt 3 inside and an electric contact 4 connecting the metal melt with an external electric circuit.

In the area 5 of the vessel 2 adjacent to the firing surface, fibrous ceramic material 6 is introduced.

The fibrous material region includes a layer 7 impregnated with a molten metal and a layer 8 impregnated with liquid slag 9. having a common boundary 10.

The electrical contact is in the form of a metal cooled rod 11. The lower part of the rod is coated with 12 solidified metal melt in contact with the liquid metal melt. The upper part of the rod is covered with a build-up of 13 solidified slag washed by liquid sludge. com The vessel is made in the form of a trough 14. The free surface 15 of the liquid slag is located below the edge 16 of the bead 17 of the trough. In the region of the fibrous material, the slag level reaches the edge due to a capillary rise in the fibrous material wetted by the slag.

The gutter is installed on an inclined bottom 18 of the channel of the MHD generator. The bottom has grooves 19. From the adjacent groove 20, the groove 14 is separated by an insulating groove 21, open at one end 22 and also filled with fibrous ceramic material 23, which absorbs the slag film deposited from the plasma stream. Slag is lowered along the fibers to the bottom 24 of the trough, from where it is removed through the open end. Ceramic woel

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the laminar material can be designed as a package of sheets of ceramic fabric.

When the MHD generator is operated on coal fuel with acidic slag, the troughs and ceramic fiber material are made of corundum, bacor or zircon. Liquid metal is used as the molten metal. The contact rod 11 is made of chromium-nickel steel.

Electric current passes through the rod 11, the molten metal, slag and plasma. Having a higher conductivity than slag, the metal melt contributes to an even distribution of current along the firing surface along the gutter. The slag layer protects the metal melt from arcing, and the fibrous ceramic material dampens the slag and melt vibrations excited by the friction of the flow against the channel wall of the MHD generator. ..

The plasma flow is directed along the channel in the direction of lowering its bottom. Together with the slope of the bottom, the flow helps to reduce the thickness of the slag film on the firing surface, which reduces the leakage of current along the channel. An additional obstacle to current leakage is insulating grooves, tearing the slag film in the areas between the grooves 14 and 20 of adjacent electrodes. Slots 19, oriented at an angle

45 ° to the direction of the gutter, reduces heat transfer from the gutter to the bottom of the channel, helps to equalize the temperature along the cross section of the gutter. The gap between the fibrous

material and the bottom of the gutter facilitates mixing of the molten metal.

Liquid slag held at the level of the sides by fibrous material shortens the current path in the plasma, protects the sides from

direct exposure to the flow of combustion products.

Claims (1)

1. The electrode of the MHD generator, which includes a ceramic vessel with a metal melt facing the firing surface and an electrical contact connecting the metal melt with an external electric circuit, distinguishes with in order to increase the efficiency of energy conversion and increase the resource, a fibrous ceramic material has been introduced into a vessel partially filled with a metal melt. wettability with respect to liquid slag and metal melt, and the free surface of the fibrous material on the channel side is located at the same level with the walls of the vessel. 2, The electrode of the MHD generator according to claim 1, 1j is characterized in that a part of the fibrous material is placed in the region of the vessel filled with the metal melt. . Compiled by J. Gokhshteik Tehred M. Morgenthal Corrector S. Shekmar Editor T. Kurkova Order 1081Mintage Subscription VNIIIPI of the State Committee for Inventions and Discover at the State Committee for Science and Technology of the USSR 113035. Moscow, Zh-35, Rauska nab., 4/5