RU1799688C - Method and device for manufacturing multilayer articles - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the method includes layer-by-layer filling of powders, compression and treatment with compressed air of each layer, sintering under pressure. The device consists of a matrix 1., fixed-. on the table 2 of the press, the lower punch 8, the upper punch 4, inside of which there is a movable shaft 5 with a shoulder 6 and a longitudinal open along the sleeve 7, the mechanism of movement of the rod contains a rubber rubber ring 8, an eccentric axis 9 with working surfaces mi 10 and 11 and control knob 12. A fitting 13 is attached to the upper punch 4. In the lower part of the punch 4 there is a cylindrical recess

Description

18. The hole of the fitting 13, the radial hole 14 of the punch A, the channel formed by the groove and the surface 17 on the rod 5, the cylindrical recess 18 form a channel connecting the cavities 24 and 20 with the compressed air supply and vacuum system. 2 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

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The invention relates to porogide metallurgy, and in particular to the production of multilayer products.

In order to ensure the possible production of multilayer products, predominantly meslloceramic, with a ratio of diameter to thickness of one layer of at least 50, without carbon pollution, i.e. without the use of plasticizers, with layers of different thicknesses, compositions, powder sizes, with the possibility of applying different pressures during the process, with a high-quality layer boundary, and high density, high bond strength of the layers, as well as high mechanical properties of the products after subsequent sintering under A method for manufacturing multilayer products and a device for its implementation are proposed by pressure.

SUBSTANCE: method involves layer-by-layer filling of powders, pressing of each layer with further sintering under pressure. According to the invention, after pressing each layer, the surface of the latter is subjected to compressed air instead of the punch formed during the reverse stroke, and the vacuum that breaks down the pressed layer.

. In order to achieve the object of the invention in a device FOR PRODUCING MULTILAYERED

of the case containing the matrix, lower and upper punches, the upper punch is provided with a radial hole communicating with the compressed air and vacuum pumping systems, and there is a recess in the lower part from the inside-hole side, a longitudinal open c is made in the shaft, communicating with the radial hole and a cylindrical recess in the punch.

In the upper part of the punch, a through radial hole is additionally made for mounting the rod-moving mechanism, made in the form of an axis with an eccentric that is in contact with the shaft shoulder resting on

0

v 15

0 5 g

5

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an elastic sealing rubber ring covering the shaft and placed in the groove of the punch. The lower end of the shaft, when it is in its lower position, is flush with the working surface of the punch, forming a continuous surface. f.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for pressing layers of ceramic and metal powders: FIG. 2 - section aa in FIG. 1.

The device consists of a matrix 1, mounted on a table 2 of the press, a lower punch 3 in the form of a disk, an upper punch 4, inside which there is a rod 5 with a shoulder 6, longitudinally open along the yoke 7. The device includes a rod movement mechanism: rubber rubber ( elastic) ring 8, an eccentric axis 9 with working surfaces 10, 11 and a control handle 12. The fitting 13 is attached to the upper punch 4, position 14 denotes the radial hole of the punch. The upper punch 4 is attached to the press plate 15 by screws with a flange 16. In the upper punch 4 in its lower part from the side of the hole 17 there is a cylindrical cavity / Genius 18, the distance from the axis of which to the working surface 19 is equal to the eccentricity e of the eccentric axis 9. The cavity 20 is for layered blank 21. Pos. 22, a layer of poured powder is indicated. A cavity 24 is formed in the upper punch 4 by the cylindrical surface of the hole 17 and the working surface 23 of the rod 5. The hole of the fitting 13, the radial hole 14 of the punch 4, the channel formed by the open longitudinal collar 7 and the surface of the hole 17 on the rod 5, the cylindrical recess 18 form a connecting channel communicating the cavities 24 and 20 with compressed air supply and evacuation systems through a device consisting of valves and a tee (not shown), the valves are closed.

The device slave gives as follows.

Starting position. The next multilayer product is pressed out. The lower punch 3 occupies a position between the press table 2 and the die 1, which is attached to the table 2. The upper punch 4 is in the upper position, in which the rod 5 is raised to the upper extreme position by means of the sealing elastic ring 8 and pressed against the working surface 10 by the eccentric axis 9.

Duty cycle. A portion of the powder is poured, leveled. The working stroke of the press is turned on: the upper punch enters into the cavity 10 of the die 1 to a certain depth (approximately 10-15 mm). Stop the press. The valve is opened and the cavity 20 of the matrix 1 and the powder layer are evacuated 22. The valve is closed, the handle is turned 90 ° (to the horizontal position), while the rod 5 occupies the lowermost position, its working surface 23 is in the same plane with the surface ( working) 19 of the upper punch 4. The working stroke of the press is turned on and the layer of powder is pressed into the previous layers 21.

Idling. The valve of the compressed air supply system is opened, by turning the handle to the vertical position, the rod 4 is lifted with the help of the elastic rubber ring 8 to the upper extreme position, and a cavity 24 is formed to which compressed air is suitable. Idle is turned on, the upper punch 4 rises and at the same time compressed air enters the gap between the nmm and the product from the cavity 24. The uniform pressure of the compressed air holds the upper layer and prevents it from breaking. After the upper punch 4 leaves the matrix 1, the compressed air supply valve is closed. Then a new pressurization cycle begins. After pressing a given number of layers, the product is extruded,

Vypressovka. Last idle is not performed. The matrix is disconnected from the press table 2, the upper punch 4 is raised by 2-3 mm, and the lower punch is removed. The working stroke of the press is made until the upper punch 4 extends beyond the lower surface of the die 1, while the matrix is on the spacers of the same height as the lower punch 3.

The rubber ring 8, in addition to the function of the resilient member, also has the function of sealing to seal the connecting channel. to.

The die and punches mate with a minimum gap, the walls of the die are not aggre gated by the powder, which eliminates the contamination of the layer powders by the powders of the other layer.

Specific example.

5 To obtain a multilayer product, powders of chromium, chromium oxide, alumina with a particle size of 40 microns were used. The formation of a layered blank by pressing was made in a mold with a working

0 with a diameter of 46 mm. The working surfaces of the matrix and punches had a roughness of 0.16 μm. Samples of powders were prepared according to the required layer thicknesses. Pressing was performed in the following

5 sequences.

A sample of the powder was loaded into the matrix on the lower punch. They included the working stroke of the press, the upper punch entered the cavity of the matrix on. some depth (approximately

0 10-15 mm). They stopped the press. The valve was opened, the cavity of the matrix and the layer of powder were evacuated. Close the valve. By turning the handle, the rod was lowered to the lower position, it.

5, the working surface was flush with the working surface of the upper punch. The press stroke was turned on and the powder layer was pressed. By turning the handle in a vertical position, the rod was raised to the upper position, a cavity was formed under the rod connected to the compressed air supply system. It included idling, the upper punch was lifted and at the same time compressed air entered the gap between it and the product, which held the upper layer in adhesion with the previous one and prevented it from destruction. In a similar cycle, other layers of powders are pressed in succession. They pressed out the formed layered packet, and then proceeded to the formation of the next packet of layers. Received layered blank diameter

5 46 mm consisted of twenty layers of a thickness of 0.2 mm from powders of alumina, chromium oxide, chromium. The height of the workpiece was 7.6 mm. After hot pressing, the height of the laminated cermet was 4 mm. Layers

0 were quality.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the present invention will make it possible to obtain multilayer products, mainly metal 5 ceramic, with a ratio of diameter to thickness of one layer of at least 50 and to ensure their quality.

The proposed method and device for its implementation allow the formation of layered cermet from metal and ceramic finely divided powders (relatively cheap and non-deficient) with high impact strength

The expected economic effect from the use of the claimed invention per unit of output will amount to 5.55 rubles.

The estimated need of the national economy, in-objects using the claimed invention is 50 thousand rubles. in year.

Expected Annual Economic Eff. the effect of the maximum use of the claimed invention will amount to 227.5 thousand rubles.

Claims (2)

1. A method of obtaining multilayer products, including layer-by-layer filling of powders, pre-pressing of each layer and sintering under pressure, which means that, in order to expand technological capabilities by producing thin layers with a ratio of diameter to thickness of each layer of at least 50, after pressing the surface the layer is treated with compressed air. 2. A device for producing multilayer products containing a matrix, a lower punch and an upper punch with a radial hole turning into an axial hole in communication with the matrix cavity and the vacuum system, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities by producing thin layers with a diameter ratio to the thickness of each a layer of at least 50, the device is equipped with a rod with a longitudinal open pomp placed in the axial hole of the punch, and a mechanism for moving it, the punch by means of a radial hole connected to the compressed air supply system, a recess is made in the lower part of the upper punch, a longitudinal connection is made with the radial hole and the punch recess, and the movement mechanism made in the form of an axis with an eccentric placed in the through radial hole of the punch, and an elastic sealing ring placed in the groove of the punch and covering the shaft.