RU1799447C - Electrodynamic accelerator of railgun projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a technique for hyper-velocity projectile throwing by electromagnetic action on an accelerated body and can be used as a means of destruction in industrial technologies related to the generation of ultrahigh pulsed pressures and powerful shock waves in solids, for releasing cargo into outer space and etc. The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed of methane, the efficiency of the accelerator and its resource, as well as to reduce the size and cost. The rail-type electrodynamic accelerator contains several pairs of conductive parallel buses connected from the breech side of the accelerator to a current source. The buses form through the current-conducting jumpers 2, 3 and jumpers 4, b successive turns of current connected in accordance with. Tires are placed in radial grooves 12 on the surface of the central hole 8 of the insulating block. The projectile is made with radial protrusions entering grooves 12. The conductive jumpers 3 are located in the grooves on the protrusions and are corrugated in the direction perpendicular to the tire direction. The invention improves the rate of methane by increasing the linear inductance. 1 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill. SL C

Description

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The invention relates to a technique for hyper-velocity projectile throwing by electromagnetic action on an accelerated body and can be used as a means of destruction in industrial technologies related to the generation of ultrahigh pulsed pressures and powerful shock waves in solids, for releasing cargo into outer space and etc.

The aim of the invention is to increase the speed of throwing, the efficiency of the accelerator and its resource, as well as reducing the size and cost ...

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in an electrodynamic accelerator of shells containing a stage of preliminary acceleration, several pairs of conductive parallel buses connected from the side of the breech section are accelerated. through the switch to the inductive energy storage device and forming through the conductive jumpers located in the grooves of the projectile and isolated from each other, consecutive current turns included in accordance with which the buses are placed in a carrier insulating unit made with a central hole and rigidly fixed in a bandage device , on the surface of the central hole of the supporting insulating block there are made radial grooves uniformly distributed around the circumference with a length equal to the length of the accelerator, in which s tires, while tires with drains of one direction are forming a cylindrical surface of one radius, and tires with drains of opposite direction are forming a cylindrical surface of another radius, and protrusions are made on the side surface of the projectile to interact with the grooves of the insulating block, repeating the shape of the free groove spaces, and grooves in which conductive jumpers are installed are made on the lateral surfaces of the protrusions. In this case, the conductive jumpers are made corrugated in the direction perpendicular to the tire direction.

Such an arrangement of the accelerator allows the linear inductance to be increased by at least N times, where N is the number of bus pairs supplying current to the projectile, since the bus pairs with this connection during the acceleration of the projectile are turned on in series with the electric circuit. In fact, the linear inductance will be somewhat larger due to the existence of

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inductive coupling between streamlined pairs of current-carrying busbars:

  NKN L1 (1).

where L (N) is the linear inductance of the accelerator with the number N of serially connected pairs of busbars, (i) is the linear inductance of the accelerator with one pair of busbars, KN is the exponent, and KN 1 in the absence of inductive coupling between the bus pairs and KN 2 in the presence of an ideal inductive coupling between them. In this case, the linear inductance L N increases approximately by a factor of 2 in comparison with

the linear inductance of the double-rail accelerator and approximately N times compared with the four-rail accelerator (3) under the same conditions of banding using a steel pipe at a distance of 1.5 muzzle sizes from the tires, which leads to an increase in the speed of methane. does not affect the magnitude of the linear inductance of the accelerator, since the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing in the accelerator closes mainly in the space between the supply and conductive otvo- n d conductive current buses to form a closed annular magnetic flux. In this case, in the external space in the region of the bandage location, a rapidly attenuating multipole scattering flux is formed, which does not lead to a decrease in the linear inductance. By increasing the linear inductance under the mentioned banding conditions, provided

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to 2

where Ln is the drive inductance, L L LI is the total change in the accelerator inductance during the launch of the projectile, the kinetic efficiency of the accelerator (efficiency, which takes into account only switching losses) increases compared to the prototype from 0.67 to 0.98 (by 38% ),

The total efficiency will increase by the same amount and close to it in the proposed installation, since the ohmic resistance of the tires and the contact resistance increases N times, but from the condition of equal accelerating force, the magnitude of the flowing current can be reduced VN times, the bases for reducing the output characteristics, in this case, the ohmic losses will have a comparable value in both installations. A decrease in the flowing current facilitates the operation of tires and sliding contacts, which leads to an increase in resource. Decrease

contact pressure is compensated by the fact that jumpers are corrugated in the accelerator in the direction perpendicular to the tire direction. In this case, contact pressing is the result of a simultaneously extending electrodynamic force between the inclined parts of the webs and the force associated with the deformation of the webs in a direction perpendicular to the tire direction under the action of the main accelerating force directed along the tire.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrodynamic accelerator having 12 pairs of conductive guide rails; Fig. 2 is a diagram of a connection of conductive guiding projectiles of the accelerator bus bar to each other and a current source from the side of the accelerator breech; Fig. H is the spatial arrangement of the conductive jumper relative to the tires on the insulating shell of the projectile; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a section of the accelerator along with the projectile.

. The electrodynamic accelerator of shells contains a preliminary acceleration stage (not shown in the drawing), 12 pairs of conductive parallel buses 1 made of refractory metal, such as molybdenum (Fig. 1), and connected from the breech side of the accelerator through switch K2 (Fig. 2 ) to a unipolar current source (IT) with inductive energy storage LH, damping resistance Rr, and shunt switch K1. The buses form through the conductive jumpers 2, 3 and jumpers 4, 5 (Fig. 2) consecutive current turns connected in accordance with. Jumpers 2,3 are located in the grooves of the projectile and are isolated from each other. Tires 1 are placed in a supporting insulating block 7 made with a central hole 8 made of durable refractory ceramics, for example alunda (Fig. 2). The insulating unit 7 is rigidly fixed and pre-compressed together with the tires in a retaining device made in the form of an external retaining pipe 9, internal retaining linings 10 and tightening bolts 11 made, for example, of high-strength steel. The central hole 8 (Fig. 2) is made with radial grooves 12 uniformly distributed around the accelerator across the entire length of the accelerator, in which the buses 1 are fixed so that the buses with currents of one direction form the cylindrical surface of one radius R, and the tires with currents of the opposite directions are forming a cylindrical surface of a different radius d. Project 6 consists of a lightweight insulating frame 13 made of a durable heat-resistant insulating (for example,

composite) of the material in which the payload is pressed in 14. The projectile 6 is made with radial protrusions 15, the number of which is equal to the number of radial grooves 12 in the carrier insulating block 7 of the accelerator. The protrusions 15 included in the grooves 12 of the isolation block repeat the shape of the free space of the grooves in the carrier insulation block 7. On the side surfaces of the protrusions

grooves in which conductive jumpers 3 are mounted, made corrugated in a direction perpendicular to the tire direction. Proposed electrodynamic

accelerator shells works as follows. In the initial state, the projectile 6 is moved outside the central hole 8 of the accelerator. The keys K1 and K2 of the current source are open. Launch the projectile and start

with the closure of the key K1, as a result of which the current begins to increase in the inductive storage LH. When the current in the drive LH reaches its maximum value, a projectile 6 is introduced into the central hole of the accelerator 8 using an additional known accelerator at an initial speed. At the moment when the conductive jumpers 3 of the projectile are brought into contact with the accelerator tires, the key K2 closes and, at the same time, the key K1 opens, as a result of which the current of the drive LH begins to flow around the external jumpers of the accelerator 4,5, the bus of the accelerator 1 and the conductive jumpers 3 of the projectile in

the direction shown in FIG. 2 by arrows and creates a pulsed magnetic field in the acceleration path. As a result of the interaction of the current in the jumpers of the projectile 3c with a magnetic field between the rails,

an accelerating electrodynamic force acting on the radial projections of the projectile 15 and directed along the axis of the accelerator. When accelerated projectile 6 leaves the accelerator barrel, key K1 closes, and

key K2 opens, resulting in a high IQCT

the residual energy, Е0st, accumulated in the inductance of the accelerator Д L, is dissipated at the damping resistance Rr, and the residual current OCt decays rapidly. The invention makes it possible to increase the throwing speed by increasing the linear inductance. An increase in the efficiency of the electrodynamic accelerator makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption of the storage ring and, accordingly, its dimensions and cost. Since at the same time a decrease in the magnitude of the accelerating current and the level of switching losses are achieved, the dimensions and cost of the switching equipment K1 and K2 are also reduced.

Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. An electrodynamic accelerator of rail-type projectiles containing a pre-acceleration stage, several pairs of conductive parallel buses connected from the breech side of the accelerator through a switch to an inductive energy storage device and forming, through the conductive jumpers, located in the grooves of the projectile and insulated from each other, consecutive turns of current connected according to, wherein the busbars are placed in a carrier insulating block made with a central hole and rigidly behind replennom a bandage device, characterized in that, in order 0 5 0 5/5 increasing the methane speed, the efficiency of the accelerator and its life, as well as reducing the size and cost, radial grooves uniformly distributed around the circumference equal to the length of the accelerator, in which the buses are fixed, are made on it on the surface of the central hole of the supporting insulating block, while the buses have currents of one directions are forming the cylindrical surface of one radius, and buses with currents of the opposite direction are forming the cylindrical surface of another radius, and on the side rhnosti projectile provided with protrusions for engagement with the grooves of the carrier insulating block, repetition guides form free space slots and grooves in which the conductive jumpers are installed are formed on side surfaces of the projections. 2. The accelerator according to claim 1, with the exception that the conductive jumpers are corrugated in a direction perpendicular to the tire direction. Fi g a /