RU179619U1 - Adjustable DC voltage source - Google Patents

Abstract

An adjustable constant current source is designed to generate constant voltage. Permanent magnets that act as poles and a stator on which the windings are located are located on the rotor. The rotor is made forcibly rotating an external source of mechanical energy to induce alternating voltage in the stator windings. The number of windings on the stator is even and equal to the number of poles on the rotor. The diametrically opposite first and third windings, as well as the diametrically opposite second and fourth windings are connected in series. The beginning of the first and second windings are connected to the rectifier bridge. The ends of the third and fourth windings are combined, and the beginning of the third and fourth windings are connected with the ends of the first and second windings, respectively. Provides voltage generation in the absence of an isolated source of constant voltage on each winding.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to synchronous generators and can be used to generate constant voltage.

Known DC generator with an independent excitation winding, which is an electric DC machine that contains permanent electromagnets that perform the function of poles, with an excitation winding, an armature with a winding, a collector with brushes mounted on the armature shaft. The excitation winding is powered by an additional DC source, regardless of the armature winding, during rotation of which an EMF is removed in the armature winding, removed by brushes from the collector (Kuznetsov MI, Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering / MI Kuznetsov. - M.: Higher School, 1964 . - S. 350, 352).

As the main disadvantage of the described DC generator with an independent excitation winding, an increased consumption of electric energy for an additional DC power source can be noted, since for the generator to work, it is necessary to supply a constant voltage to the excitation winding to create a magnetic flux. In addition, this generator has reduced reliability, since a collector and brushes are required to remove the emf generated, which, in turn, increases economic costs.

Closest to the proposed utility model in terms of technical nature and the achieved result (prototype) is a stepper motor containing a rotor, on which there are permanent magnets that perform the function of poles, and a stator, on which individual windings are located. Each winding is connected to an isolated source of constant voltage and to a control system. DC power is supplied to each winding separately, and in turn with the help of a control system, which provides step-by-step movement of the rotor and its fixation with de-energized windings. The motor step depends on the number of windings (Emelyanov A.V. Stepper motors: study guide / A.V. Emelyanov, A.N. Shilin. - Volgograd: Volgograd State Technical University, 2005. - P. 6, Fig. 2, 3).

The main disadvantages of this device are the lack of voltage generation due to the movement of the rotor only when external voltage is supplied from an isolated source to the windings in a certain sequence, which is associated with an additional consumption of electric energy.

The presented utility model solves the problem of generating voltage in the absence of an isolated source of constant voltage on each winding.

The solution to this technical problem is achieved by the fact that in an adjustable constant voltage source containing a rotor, on which there are permanent magnets that perform the function of poles, and a stator on which the windings are located, according to a utility model, the rotor is made by forcibly rotating external source of mechanical energy for guidance in the windings stator AC voltage. The number of windings on the stator is even and equal to the number of poles on the rotor. The diametrically opposite first and third windings, as well as the diametrically opposite second and fourth windings are connected in series. The beginning of the first and second windings are connected to the rectifier bridge. The ends of the third and fourth windings are combined, and the beginning of the third and fourth windings are connected with the ends of the first and second windings, respectively.

The possibility of eliminating an isolated source of constant voltage on each winding is due to the fact that the windings in the generator mode from the rotation of the permanent magnets located on the rotor induce an EMF in the windings, which is removed from the windings directly to the load.

The proposed utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of permanent magnets on the rotor and windings on the stator; in FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model of an adjustable constant voltage source; in FIG. 3 shows graphs of the dependences of the generated voltage on the stator windings on time; in FIG. 4 shows graphs of the dependences of the alternating voltage between the inputs of the rectifier bridge on time; in FIG. 5 shows the procedure for turning on the rectifier bridge thyristors.

In addition, the following notation is used in the drawings:

- L1 - L4 - stator windings;

- T1 - T4 - thyristors;

- N is the north pole of the permanent magnet;

- S is the south pole of the permanent magnet;

- • - the beginning of the windings;

- P is the rotor;

- C - stator;

- U - alternating voltage;

- Ud is a constant voltage;

- t is time;

- t1 - t3 - time instants.

The adjustable constant voltage source contains a rotor, on which there are permanent magnets that perform the function of poles, and a stator, on which the windings are located. The rotor is made forcibly rotating an external source of mechanical energy to induce alternating voltage in the stator windings. The number of windings on the stator is even and equal to the number of poles on the rotor. The diametrically opposite first and third windings, as well as the diametrically opposite second and fourth windings are connected in series. The beginning of the first and second windings are connected to the rectifier bridge. The ends of the third and fourth windings are combined, and the beginning of the third and fourth windings are connected with the ends of the first and second windings, respectively.

An example of the implementation of an adjustable constant voltage source containing two pairs of stator windings connected in series and two pairs of poles on the rotor.

The adjustable direct current source contains a rotor 1 (P), on the shaft of which there are two horseshoe-shaped permanent magnets 2, which serve as two pairs of SN poles, and a stator 3 (C), on which four windings are located - the first winding 4 (L1), which is even , the second winding 5 (L2), which is odd, the third winding 6 (L3), which is even, the winding 7 (L4), which is odd. Thus, the number of windings - 4 (L1), 5 (L2), 6 (L3), 7 (L4) - on the stator 3 (C) is even and equal to the number of poles on the rotor 1 (P).

The diametrically opposite first winding 4 (L1) and the third winding 6 (L3), as well as the diametrically opposite second winding 5 (L2) and the fourth winding 7 (L4) are connected in series.

The beginning of the first winding 4 (L1) is connected to the input 8 of the rectifier bridge connected to the thyristors 10 (T1) and 11 (T2). The beginning of the second winding 5 (L2) is connected to the input 9 of the rectifier bridge connected to the thyristors 12 (T3) and 13 (T4).

The end of the third winding 6 (L3) and the end of the fourth winding 7 (L4) are combined. The end of the first winding 4 (L1) is connected to the beginning of the third winding 6 (L3). The end of the second winding 5 (L2) is connected to the beginning of the fourth winding 7 (L4).

The output 14 of the rectifier bridge is connected to the input of the load 15 (R), and the output 16 of the rectifier bridge is connected to the output of the load 15 (R) (Fig. 1, 2).

The operation of an adjustable constant voltage source is as follows.

When the rotor 1 (P) rotates, the permanent magnets located on it with two pairs of S-N poles in the stator windings 4 (L1), 5 (L2). 6 (L3), 7 (L4) induce an alternating voltage (Fig. 3). At the same time, on the windings 4 (L1), 6 (L3) and 5 (L2), 7 (L4), the developed voltage value is added (Fig. 4).

When applying alternating voltage to the inputs 8, 9 of the rectifier bridge at time t1, thyristor 10 (T1) and thyristor 13 (T4) are open. At time t2, thyristor 10 (T1) and thyristor 13 (T4) are closed, and thyristor 12 (T3) and thyristor 11 (T2) are open. At time t3, as at time t1, thyristor 12 (T3) and thyristor 13 (T4) are closed, and thyristor 10 (T1) and thyristor 11 (T2) are open, and the process repeats further. From the outputs of the rectifier bridge, the converted voltage is supplied to the input 14 of the load 15 (R) and to the output 16 of the load 15 (R) (Fig. 5).

Thus, the presented utility model is capable of creating a voltage of double magnitude without the use of isolated power sources due to the series connection of the stator windings, in addition, due to the presence of thyristors in the rectifier bridge, it is possible to control the amount of transmitted current by changing the opening angle of the thyristors.

Claims (1)

An adjustable constant voltage source, comprising a rotor, on which there are permanent magnets that perform the function of poles, and a stator, on which the windings are located, characterized in that the rotor is made forcibly rotating an external source of mechanical energy to induce alternating voltage in the stator windings, while the number of windings on the stator is even and equal to the number of poles on the rotor, diametrically opposite the first and third windings, as well as diametrically opposite the second and fourth windings ki are connected in series, with the beginnings of the first and second windings connected to the rectifier bridge, the ends of the third and fourth windings combined, and the beginnings of the third and fourth windings connected with the ends of the first and second windings, respectively.

Images