RU1795038C - Composite construction - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to construction and can be used as load-bearing structures of civil, industrial buildings and various structures, mainly in the form of beams, anti-seismic rails, rafter beams, columns, wall fencing elements and landscaping elements.

A prefabricated monolithic structure is known, comprising a tray-like shell, an inner surface of the walls and bottom, which is made with keyed recesses alternating with keyed protrusions and a monolithic core.

In addition, transverse grooves are made along the top of the walls in which the transverse reinforcement is laid.

A disadvantage of the known construction is the low stiffness of the prefabricated, prefabricated trough-shaped casing if it is made of thin walls, which limits the length of the casing due to a decrease in its bearing capacity during transport and installation works and contains a significant number of joints that reduce the bearing capacity of a precast structures under complex loads such as seismic, increases the cost of the joints, due to their strengthening and the need for formwork. This also limits the possibility of using the casing in prefabricated monolithic columns with a height of one floor or more.

Another drawback of the design is that the known transverse reinforcement, laid at the top, in the compressed area of the beam, not ensuring the rigidity of the prefabricated element during transportation and installation, complicates the technology of work on the construction site, necessitates the laying of cross-section XI

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reinforcement and formwork devices for closing transverse grooves in the walls of the prefabricated element.

An object of the invention is to increase the rigidity of a trough-like casing and a prefabricated monolithic structure as a whole.

Another objective is to increase the manufacturability of a prefabricated monolithic structure.

This is achieved by the fact that the casing is provided with jumpers connecting the walls along the top within the length of the key protrusions.

In addition, the lintels of the chute-shaped shell are made in the form of reinforcing bars that are released simultaneously or alternately from both walls of the shell with a free end being fixed at 0 ... 3d in the body of the wall opposite to this outlet, where d is the diameter of the outlet.

The implementation of the shell with jumpers connecting the walls at the top within the length of the key protrusions allows to increase the rigidity of the shell and prefabricated monolithic structures as a whole, which increases the transport and installation capabilities in the clear anti-seismic crossbars without joints within the pitch of the stone-frame columns buildings and creates the possibility of using them also in columns to a floor height or more, increases the reliability of the joint operation of the precast element with a monolithic core of structures. At the same time, the industrial capacity of the columns and girders is increased, and joint work along the seam of contact with the wall filling is ensured.

Making jumpers from reinforcing rods released from the walls of the shell with a length equal to at least the width of the cavity of the shell, with a depth of embedment of the free end up to 3 diameters of the rod in the wall of the shell, working for compression during transport and installation works, provides the possibility of laying reinforcing bars the frame of the monolithic core from the top into the cavity simplifies the technology of the device for anchors and the monolithic core at the construction site.

In FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of a precast-monolithic structure along key elements of increased thickness to the top of the shell; in FIG. 2 - the same, to the bottom of the shell; in FIG. 3 is a section AA in FIG. 1-2; in FIG. 4 is a cross-section of the shell along the key elements of increased thickness to the top, with upper bridges made of reinforcing outlets with a free end in the opposite wall; in FIG. 5 - the same, according to the key elements of increased thickness to the bottom of the shell, with the reinforcing cage of the monolithic core laid in a tray-shaped cavity.

The prefabricated monolithic supporting structure comprises a prefabricated element 1 manufactured in the factory, and a monolithic element 2 made in the constructional conditions. The prefabricated element 1 is made in the form

0 of a tray-like shell formed by side walls 3 and 4, connected by a bottom with key protrusions 5, alternating with recesses 6 (in the figure, the recesses are made through), and at the top

5 - with jumpers 7, alternating with openings 8.

Moreover, the key projections 5 are made within the length of the key projections 9 at the bottom of the walls, and the jumpers 7 - in

0 within the length of the key projections 10 at the top of the walls.

In the case of the execution of a monolithic core 2 precast-monolithic structure with reinforcement 11, laid through

5 a neck with openings 8 in the shell 1, the upper bridges 7 are made of reinforcing outlets 12 and 13, released simultaneously or alternately from walls 3 and 4 with the rear end 1 at 0 ... 3d in wall 3 or

0 4, opposite to this issue 13 or 12 respectively.

The tray-like shell 1 is reinforced with a reinforcing cage 14.

In the manufacture of precast

5 of the supporting structure, at first, a prefabricated element is made - a tray-shaped shell 1, the first stage, and after laying the shell 1 at the place of manufacture of the prefabricated-monolithic structure as a whole, as a rule at the construction site, a monolithic core 2 is laid in the cavity - the second stage. Shell 1 at the first stage of manufacturing a prefabricated-monolithic structure takes all the loads

5 operating during transportation and installation of the product, when laying the monolithic core 2. At the second stage of manufacturing the precast-monolithic structure, after laying in the cavity of the shell 1 monolithic

0 core 2, the shell 1 begins to work together with the core 2, perceiving the compressive forces during shrinkage of monolithic concrete. After hardening of the monolithic concrete of core 2, the tray-shaped shell 1 works with it to the full extent, taking all external forces together, which is facilitated by special key projections 9 and 10, made in walls 3 and 4 of shell 1 with protrusions 5 in the bottom and upper jumpers 7 made within a length along the sheath 1 of the key projections 9 and 10, respectively.

The upper jumpers 7 of the shell 1 are made of reinforcing outlets 12, released simultaneously or alternately from both walls 3 and 4 with the free end being sealed at 0 ... 3d, where d is the diameter of the outlet. In the case of manufacturing prefabricated monolithic horizontally arranged structures (beams, crossbars) with a reinforced core 2, its reinforcing cage 11 is laid in the cavity of the casing 1 from above, through its mouth with the bend of the outlets 12 and 13 into the cavity.

Sealing the free end of the outlet 12 and 13 into the Wall to a depth of more than 3d makes it difficult to bend the outlet into the cavity of the shell 1, and if the seal is less than 0 d, the compressive forces are not affected by the outlets, which reduces the rigidity of the shell 1. The jumpers 5 and 7 or the outlets 12 and 13 perceive compressive forces from the effects of the load arising from the contact, collision of products with each other by walls 3 and 4, or with other objects during rotation around the longitudinal axis during transportation and installation of the tray-like shell 1, giving it a rigid spine. After manufacturing the prefabricated monolithic structure, after hardening

Claims (2)

The claims 1, a prefabricated monolithic structure, including a tray-like shell, the inner surface of the walls and the bottom of which is made with keyed recesses alternating with the key protrusions, and a core, characterized in that, in order to increase the rigidity of the structure, the shell is provided with jumpers monolithic core 2 in the shell 1. jumpers 5 and 7 or outlets 12 and 13, bent into the cavity 1 with concrete 2, provide rigidity of the precast-monolithic structure as a whole. Key protrusions 5 and jumpers 7 or outlets 12 and 13 prevent crack opening in the seam of contact of the monolithic core 2 with the sheath 1 in the marginal zones at the top (in the neck) or at the bottom (in the bottom) of the sheath 1, create reliable connection of the monolithic element 2 with the assembly 1 This creates the rigidity of the shell 1 in its neck, which increases the rigidity of the entire tray 1. This allows you to produce a shell of considerable length with thin walls 3 and 4 and mount it in an upright position - use in the manufacture of columns with a height of one floor and more it. The presence of through recesses 6 and openings in the shell 1 provides a connection, the adhesion of the monolithic core 2 with the wall filling of the frame-stone building in the case of using the structure as a railing crossbar. The tray-like casing 1 is made using articulated elements. Shell 1 can be used as formwork and load-bearing elements of the walls. connecting walls at the top within the length of the key projections. 2. The construction according to p. 1, characterized in that, in order to improve manufacturability, jumpers are made in in the form of reinforcing rods, released at least from one of the walls of the shell with a free end terminating, up to 3d in the body of the opposite generation, where d is the diameter and the rebar. Editor A. Behr Compiled by V. Biliichuk, E Tehred M. Morgenthal Corrector P. Gereshi