RU179493U1 - DEVICE FOR LIQUIDATION OF OIL SPILLS AND OIL PRODUCTS ON WATER SURFACE IN ICE CONDITIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of environmental protection and can be used to separate oil and oil products from a mixture of ice blocks, including sludge and broken ice, and water. In a device for liquidating oil and oil products spills on a water surface in ice conditions, consisting of case with a grid, inside which is located the unit of the oil skimmer, the case consists of a Central and two side sections symmetrically located on both sides of the Central section, and the bearing of the Central and side sections are made in the upper, lower, lateral and central metal guides between which grids with mesh sizes of at least 3 × 3 cm and no more than 10 × 10 cm are installed, while in the longitudinal section the body is an isosceles triangle, the angles at the base of which are from 10 ° to 40 ° and correspond to the angle of inclination of the side sections, and in the central section, the upper, central and side guides form a cavity with a grid in which the oil collector assembly is fixed, and the lower guide of the central section, which is the connection of the sides x sections is a top drum, wherein at the perimeter of the housing on the upper rails installed fasteners. The device is maneuverable, balanced, allows you to quickly create a cleared space from a mixture of ice blocks, sludge and water around the oil collector assembly, provides a more effective cleaning of the water surface from oil or oil products, which leads to increased work efficiency. 4 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

This utility model relates to the field of environmental protection and can be used to separate oil and oil products from a mixture of ice blocks, including sludge and broken ice, and water.

Oil spills are especially dangerous in water areas, since oil products quickly spread across the water surface and occupy large areas. In order to minimize potential environmental damage, measures to respond to such spills should be taken as soon as possible. Spill response technologies should ensure the safety of personnel, high-quality cleaning of the territory and the practical feasibility of operations.

To eliminate oil spills and protect coasts, mechanical collection (the use of booms and skimmers), on-site burning, the use of dispersants, and natural weathering of oil products (usually limited to monitoring the state of the spill) are usually used.

Analysis of oil spill response technologies and coastal protection methods showed:

- the best and safest way in open water is the use of booms and skimmers;

- on-site burning does not meet the requirements of Russian legislation, which contains a number of restrictions on the use of open fire;

- dispersants certified for use in Russia today are ineffective in cold waters. In addition, a clear algorithm for the involvement of dispersants in oil spill response operations is not legally established.

Despite the intensification of oil production in the Arctic regions, mainly in the marine areas of the Arctic Ocean, until now there are not enough reliable methods and devices for collecting oil and oil products spills in ice conditions that would also clear the space from a mixture of ice blocks , including sludge and broken ice, and water.

A device for removing petroleum products is known. The device contains a threshold skimmer mounted on supporting floats, an evacuated tank for collecting oil products, a recirculation circuit for purified water, which includes a suction pipe connected to a recirculation pump, an air pressure regulator, to which a hose is connected, connected to the supporting floats through three-chamber level controls dives placed on floats (RU 2372444, ЕВВ 15/04, published on November 10, 2009). However, the design does not provide high-quality cleaning of a limited water surface.

The closest in technical essence is the method and device for separating oil from a mixture of ice blocks and water, for the implementation of which the ice blocks are forcedly supplied under water along the surface of the hull attached to the vessel while the vessel is moving forward, and oil is separated from the ice blocks with using vibration of the flat surface of the body back and forth relative to the ice blocks. The device comprises a housing with a grid, inside which an oil collector assembly is installed (RU 2232845, ЕВВ 15/04, published on July 20, 2004).

But the known design has neither efficiency, nor efficiency, nor maneuverability in the separation of ice blocks.

The problem the device is aimed at solving is the promptness and high-quality liquidation of emergency oil product spills, in the collection of oil and oil products, namely, in ice conditions.

The technical result of this utility model is to increase work efficiency by increasing maneuverability and the ability to quickly create cleared space from a mixture of ice blocks, sludge and water around the oil collector, which provides more efficient cleaning of the water surface from oil or oil products.

To achieve a technical result in a device for liquidating oil and oil products spills on a water surface in ice conditions, consisting of a body with a net inside which an oil collector assembly is located, the body consists of a central and two side sections symmetrically located on both sides of the central section, and Bearing of the central and side sections are made in the form of upper, lower, side and central metal guides, between which grids with mesh sizes of at least 3 × 3 cm and no more 10 × 10 cm, while in the longitudinal section the body is an isosceles triangle, the angles at the base of which are from 10 ° to 40 ° and correspond to the angle of inclination of the side sections, and in the central section the upper, central and side guides form a cavity with a mesh, in to which the skimmer assembly is fixed, and the lower guide of the central section, which is the connection of the side sections, is a shock top, while fastening elements are installed along the perimeter of the housing on the upper guides.

At the same time, the skimmer assembly is fixed in the central section of the housing by fastening elements.

And the fastening elements on the upper guides of the housing are made in the form of mounting rings.

Moreover, the mesh is made of metal, and possibly of an inert composite material.

A device for liquidating oil and oil spills on a water surface in ice conditions is illustrated by the drawing, where in FIG. 1 is a perspective view; FIG. 2 is a front view of the device, in FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 4 is a side view.

A device for liquidating oil and oil products spills on a water surface in ice conditions consists of a housing 1, inside which an oil collector assembly 2. A housing is formed by carriers in the form of metal upper, lower, side and central guides 3, between which grids 4 are fixed. Moreover, housing 1 consists of symmetrically connected connected volume sections, where the central section 5 and side sections 6. On the upper rails 3 are made the fastening elements of the housing 7. Moreover, the surfaces of the side sections 6 when connected They form a shock peak 8. The assembly of the oil collector 2 is fixed in the central section 5 of the housing 1 by the fastening elements 9. There can be several oil collectors themselves.

A device for the elimination of oil spills and oil products on the water surface in ice conditions works as follows.

On board the vessel (not shown) or on the shore near the pier (not shown), the device with the help of a forklift (not shown) is lowered into the pollution spot to the level (to the waterline) necessary for the device to operate.

Due to the vertical entry of the device into the water, broken ice, a mixture of ice blocks, sludge and water are separated from the oil-water mixture. For the efficient operation of the unit 2 of the device it is necessary to create a constant directed flow to it. Ice blocks and broken ice together with the oil-water mixture are directed to the nets 4, while ice blocks and broken ice go under the nets 4 due to the flow, and the oil-water mixture passes through the nets 4 and approaches the oil collector 2. This stream can be created when the vessel moves in forward and backward, as well as using water flow from the propellers of other vessels or fire barrels. The inclined two-sided symmetrical design of the side sections 6 of the device provides the collection of oil-water mixture when moving in the forward and reverse directions.

The implementation of the load-bearing in the form of metal guides 3 allows you to create a rigid multi-sectional structure on the one hand, and on the other hand, lighter than a solid one. And the location along the perimeter of the hull 1 on the upper guiding fastening elements increases the reliability of fastening to the vessel or berth, or lifting device, which leads to an increase in overall efficiency.

The mesh size of the grids 4 located between the guides 3, not less than 3 × 3 cm and not more than 10 × 10 cm, was established by the authors experimentally and is associated with the sizes of ice blocks and broken ice, which must be delayed for more efficient operation of the unit 2.

In addition, the angles at the base of the isosceles triangle, which is a longitudinal section of the casing 1, must be from 10 ° to 40 ° and correspond to the inclination of the side sections 6, were also selected experimentally for unimpeded entry of pieces of ice under the casing 1 (flooding). A decrease in the angle leads to an increase in the length and weight of the overall design of the device, so the selected interval of angles is optimal in terms of the efficiency / mass of the device.

The device due to the fact that the lower guide of the Central section 5, which is the connection of the side sections 6 is an impact tip 8, facilitates the entry of the entire structure into the mixture of ice blocks and ice, and is balanced in the center.

All of the above leads to an increase in the efficiency of the device for eliminating oil spills and oil products on the water surface in ice conditions.

To increase the balancing of the device during its operation, the unit of the oil collector 2 is fixed to the central section 5 of the housing by fastening elements 9.

To increase reliability, the fastening elements 7 on the upper rails are made in the form of mounting rings.

Depending on the operating conditions, the grids are made of metal or an inert composite material, which in turn leads to increased balancing and environmental friendliness, in general.

The proposed design is most effective for use with light oil gathering systems (for example, drum skimmers) designed to collect light oil products (diesel fuel).

Thus, the device is maneuverable, balanced, allows you to quickly create a cleared space from a mixture of ice blocks, sludge and water around the oil collector assembly, provides a more effective cleaning of the water surface from oil or oil products, which leads to increased work efficiency.

Claims (5)

1. A device for the elimination of oil spills and oil products on a water surface in ice conditions, consisting of a housing with a net, inside of which an oil collector is located, characterized in that the housing consists of a central and two side sections symmetrically located on both sides of the central section, and Bearing of the central and side sections are made in the form of upper, lower, side and central metal guides, between which grids with mesh sizes of at least 3 × 3 cm and no more than 10 × 10 cm are installed, while in the longitudinal In the cross section, the casing is an isosceles triangle, the angles at the base of which are from 10 ° to 40 ° and correspond to the angle of inclination of the side sections, and in the central section the upper, central and side guides form a cavity with a grid in which the oil collector assembly is fixed, and the lower guide the central section, which is the connection of the side sections, is a shock peak, while fastening elements are installed along the perimeter of the housing on the upper rails. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil collector assembly is fixed in the central section of the housing by fastening elements. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening elements on the upper rails are made in the form of mounting rings. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh is made of metal. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh is made of an inert composite material.

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