RU1791438C - Fertilizer for water-melon, melon and gourd - Google Patents

Abstract

Fertilizer for gourds, contains, wt.%: Zinc carbonate 65–89, sodium formate 8–20, theophylline 3–15. The yield of melons and gourds increases while the content of nitrates is higher. 5 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to gourds based on zinc compounds.

Gourds (watermelon, melons), having high taste and nutritional qualities, often contain a high content of harmful substances - nitrates. Therefore, the use of drugs that contribute not only to an increase in the yield of melons, but also at the same time to a decrease in the nitrate content in fruits is an important task.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a zinc-containing agent - zinc sulfate, the effectiveness of which in increasing the yield and lowering the nitrate content in the melons was studied under the same conditions as when testing the proposed agent.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of melons and gourds while reducing the nitrate content in the fruits.

The goal is achieved in that they use a tool containing, wt.%:

Zinc Carbonate65-89

Sodium formate 8 - 20

Theophylline 3-15.

The characteristics of the components of the product are given below.

Theophylline С НзМ402 Н20 is a white crystalline powder, soluble in acids, alkalis and hot water. Melting point 271 - 274 ° C. It is used in medicine for bronchial asthma. Sodium formate - salt of formic acid HCOONa 2H20 - colorless crystals, readily soluble in water and alcohol, melting point 253 ° C. Zinc carbonate is a white. Amorphous acid soluble powder. ; :/...,.. .... WITH-- :- -; . .

We give examples of the preparation of the product. -:

Example 1 890 g of zinc carbonate was placed in a vessel equipped with a stirrer and 80 g of sodium formate and 30 g of theophylline were introduced in portions. The mixture is continued to mix for 2 to 3 minutes. The product contains 89% zinc carbonate, b% sodium formate and 3% theophylline. -

Example 2. Take 750 g of zinc carbonate, 150 g of sodium formate and 100 g of theophylline. The cooking conditions are the same. The product contains 75% zinc carbonate, 15% sodium formate and 10% theophylline.

Example 3. Take 650 g of zinc carbonate, 200 g of sodium formate and 150 g of theoVJ

ABOUT

CA 00

phyllina. The cooking conditions are the same. The product contains 65% zinc carbonate, 20% sodium formate and 15% theophylline.

In order to establish the effectiveness of the product in increasing the yield and decreasing the nitrate content in the fruits, field experiments were conducted in the Syrdarya region of the Uzbek SSR. Soil - typical serozem, moderately saline. According to chemical analysis, the soil contains. %: humus 1.3; nitrogen 0.094; phosphorus 0.15; С02 - carbonates 8.9. soil pH of 7.2. The size of the business is 2500 m2. The repetition of the experiment is three times. Melon variety - Ho Chi Minh-Kirma, watermelon - Marble.

5 kg / ha of the drug against NPK fertilizers (50 kg / ha of nitrogen, 105 kg / ha of phosphorus and 100 kg / ha of potassium) were added to the soil before sowing. In phase 3-4 of these leaves, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizer was carried out in dose of 50 kg / ha and phosphorus - 45 kg / ha.

In the control version, the drug was absent. For a comparative evaluation in the same amounts and identical conditions, a known agent, zinc sulfate, was tested (Table 1).

Agricultural application and care of plants has been common for gourds.

The results of experiments on the effect of the proposed and known remedy of urban watermelon and melon are given in table. 2 and 3.

As can be seen from the results, the proposed tool is more effective than the known. Thus, when a product containing 95% zinc carbonate, 3% sodium formate, and 2% theophylline was added, the melon yield increased from 110 to 138 kg / ha, watermelon - from 128 to 154 kg / ha.

The greatest increase in the yield of melons (34–57 kg / ha) was obtained using a product containing 65–89% zinc carbonate, 8–20% sodium formate, and 3–15% theophylline. Under the influence of the well-known drug - zinc sulfate - the melon yield increased by only 12 kg / ha, watermelon - by 16 kg / ha, which is 2 to 3 times lower compared to the proposed composition.

Discussion table. 2 and 3, we see that a product containing more than 89% zinc carbonate and less than 8% sodium formate, 3% theophylline is ineffective. The use of a preparation comprising less than 65% zinc carbonate, as well as more than 20% sodium formate and 15% theophylline, is impractical. :;

Therefore, the most optimal concentration of the constituent agents is 65-89% zinc carbonate, 8-20% sodium formate and 3-15% theophylline.

The use of a prepaid product allows not only to increase the yield of melons and gourds, but also to reduce the nitrate content in the fruits

5 As can be seen from the results of Table 4, the concentration of nitrates in the control is 58 mg / kg (melon fruit) and 45 mg / kg (fruit of watermelon). When making the proposed funds, the nitrate content decreased. So, under the influence of

0 funds; consisting of 95% zinc carbonate, 3% sodium formate and 2% theophylline, the concentration of nitrates in melon fruits decreased from 58 to 44 mg / kg and in watermelon fruits from 45 to 31 mg / kg, the largest decrease in nitrate content was from 2 - 2.5 times was achieved with a preparation containing 65–89% zinc carbonate, 8–20% sodium formate, and 3–15% theophylline. Consideration of the table. 3 and 4, we kind of them that

0 agent, including more than 89% carbon, zinc, as well as less than 8% sodium formate and 3% theophylline, is ineffective. Use of a preparation containing less than 65% zinc carbonate and more than 20%

5 sodium formate, 15% theophylline, non-gel - accordingly, since no further reduction in nitrates is observed. When applying an agent consisting of 65-89% zinc carbonate, 8 - 20% sodium formate and 3 - 15%

0 theophylline, the concentration of nitrates decreased: compared with the prototype 1.7 - 2.1 times, and compared with the control - 1.8 - 2.5 times; : L,; ... . Consequently, the most effective

5 is a 65-agent. 89% zinc carbonate, 8-20% sodium formate and .3-. 15% theophylline.;. ....

The decrease in nitrate content in the fruits of melons and gourds is explained as follows.

On irrigated soils in the melon growing zone, conditions are created for nitrification and denitrification of fertilizer nitrogen. These processes, arising under the influence of nit5-binding and denitrifying soil bacteria, include a series of redox reactions:

   MOZ-.,; . .. /. :

 NH3T N02 NO -N26 N2.

0. Under the influence of an agent containing 65 - 89% zinc carbonate, 8-20% sodium formate and 3 - 15% theophylline. sharply decreased the number of microorganisms of zinc zinc. As a result, the rate of the occurrence of redox reactions of nitrogen compounds decreased. During the vegetation process, no increase in the concentration of nitrate nitrogen was observed in the soil, which accounts for the low

the content of nitrates in the fruits of melons.;., /.

Using watermelon as an example, the effect of various doses of the preparation on the yield and nitrate content in fruits was revealed (see Table 5).

As can be seen from the results, the proposed tool is recommended to be applied in a dose of 5-7 kg / ha.; ..- V .- -; - -:. :::;.

The expected economic effect was calculated using a preparation containing 75% zinc carbonate, 15% sodium formate, 10% theophylline.

Performance Indicators

facilities

Harvest of watermelon, c / ha. Yield increase, c / ha. Cost of 1 c. Of watermelon, rub. Cost of additional crop, rub. / Ha. rub / ha

182

54

12

648: 82

Economic effect, rubles / ha 566

5

..,

0

5

0

The use of the tool does not require additional agricultural machinery. When introduced, the additional yield of melons is 35 - 57 kg / ha, the content of nitrates in the fruits is reduced by 2 - 2.5 times. Expected economic effect 566rub.s1ga .; ;

hours .:; ...:. .G; --... .g /.- ;. - - /

Claims (1)

The claims A fertilizer for gourds based on zinc compounds, of which 6, in order to increase the yield of gourds while reducing the nitrate content in the fruits, it contains zinc carbonate as zinc compounds and additionally contains sodium formate and theophylline when the following modem ratio of components, wt.%:,; : ;;; y- - :; .,: - ::.:; g-Zinc carbonate 65 - 89; Sodium formate 8-20; Theophylline; 3-15.  ..- i-. -,:: - :; 3:: - -.:. , A Tables 1 .:. ...: / 3 :: ---: & -, - i- - & $ No.t: v Јv:.-.-; ./ ", .. Table Tabl and tsaz Means not present (control) Famous Zinc Sulphate Suggested Zinc Carbonate 95% Sodium Formate 3% Theophyllium 2% Zinc Carbonate 89% Sodium Formate 8% Theophylline 3% Zinc Carbonate 80% Formiate Sodium 12% Theophylline 8% Zinc Carbonate 75% Sodium Formate 15% Theophylline 10% Zinc Carbonate 65% Sodium Formate 20% Theophylline 15% Zinc Carbonate 60% Sodium Formate 25% Theophylline 15% Means Famous Zinc sulfate 5 kg / ha 7 kg / ha Proposed Zinc Carbonate 75% Sodium Formate 15% Theophylline 10% 3 kg / ha 5 kg / ha 7 kg / ha 10 kg / ha Table A The nitrate content in the fruit, mg / kg melons watermelon 58 45 52 38 44 31 32 24 29th twenty 28 eighteen thirty eighteen 31 nineteen Table 5 Harvest, t / ha The nitrate content in the fruit, mg / kg 144 147 38 36 26 eighteen nineteen 22