RU1790421C - Concentrated foam generator for fire-fighting - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: for extinguishing fires E low temperature conditions, which are provided by the preparation of working solutions on aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride (up to 20% salt). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a concentrated blowing agent contains, wt.%: Surfactant 6.5-7.0; basic aluminum chloride 14.0-14.6; ammonium acetate 30.0-36.5; water - the rest. The prepared working solution with a blowing agent content of 2-3% in an aqueous solution containing 20% magnesium chloride provides fire extinguishing at -32 ° C, 1 table.

Description

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FIELD OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to foam extinguishing agents for fires and can be used in winter conditions in automatic fire extinguishing systems.

Known foaming composition containing the following components, wt.%: Surfactant (surfactant) 0.02-0.2; basic aluminum chloride 0.5-2.0; sodium chloride 0.5-4.0; water the rest.

The disadvantage of the composition is its fragility due to coagulation of the surfactant and the inability to use it at low temperatures. In addition, the composition does not allow the preparation of a blowing agent concentrate.

A foaming composition is known for extinguishing fires using sea water containing up to 4% by weight of mineral salts, including: a surfactant of 0.02-0.2; aluminum hydroxide 0.25-0.50; ammonium chloride 0.5-1.0; water the rest.

The disadvantage of the composition is its fragility due to coagulation of the surfactant, which requires the use of a solution immediately at the time of preparation; like the above solution, it cannot be obtained in the form of a concentrate.

Closest to the invention in composition and field of application is a composition comprising the following components, wt.%:

PAV6-14

Aluminum hydroxide,

stabilized

ammonium chloride 6-10

Ammonium Acetate 15-25

Water Else

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YU

g

YU

1CJ

The foaming agent is effective when using natural water with a moderate content of mineral salts (up to 10 wt.%).

This blowing agent makes it possible to obtain it in a concentrated form.

The disadvantage of the composition is the low efficiency of the foaming agent with the use of solutions with a significant salt content for the production of foam, providing the use of a foaming agent at low temperatures.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the concentration of foaming in the working solution when it is prepared on an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride (up to 20%), ensuring the use of a foaming agent at low temperatures.

The goal is achieved in that the composition as an aluminum compound contains basic aluminum chloride Ai2 (OH) sCI in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Surfactant. 6.5-7.0

Basic chloride

aluminum Al2 (OH) sCI 14.0-14.6

Ammonium Acetate30, 0-36.5

Water Else The following components are used to prepare the blowing agent: basic aluminum chloride Al2 (OH) 5CI with a concentration of at least 40% of the basic substance (TU 6-01-1-373-87); ammonium acetate with a basic substance content of at least 98% (GOST 3117-78).

The KCHNR foaming agent (black, neutralized, refined contact) is used as a surfactant with a surfactant content of at least 45% (TU 38.30-22-80).

For the preparation of low-temperature solutions, magnesium chloride MgCh-6H20 (GOST 4209-77) is used.

The optimal composition of the foaming agent, including the following components, wt.%: Surfactant 14; aluminum hydroxide, stabilized ammonium chloride 10; ammonium acetate 25; water 51.

Example 1. To 36.5 g of ammonium acetic acid was added 11.5 g of water, then with stirring 36.5 g of basic aluminum chloride (OXA) containing 14.6 g of Al2 (OH) sC and 15, 5 g of a foaming agent containing 7.0 g of surfactant until completely dissolved. A perfectly clear tea-colored solution is obtained. Density 1,117

g / ml, pH 7.08; total water content 41.9.

The main properties of the foaming agent are shown in the table.

Example 2. To 35.0 g of ammonium acetate, 13 g of water was added, then 35.0 g of basic aluminum chloride containing 14.0 g of Al2 (OH) sCl and 15.5 g of a foaming agent with a surfactant content of 7.0 g.

Tea color foaming agent has a pH of 7.3. Total water content 44.0 g.

Comparative data on the properties of the composition are given in the table.

Example 3. To 30.0 g of acetic acid

ammonia is added 12 g of water, and then 35.0 g of basic aluminum chloride containing 14.0 g of Al2 (OH) sCI and 14.4 g of a foaming agent with a surfactant content of 6.5 g. Tea-colored foaming agent has a pH

7.15. Total water content 49.5 g.

Data on the fire extinguishing properties of the composition are given in the table.

Example 4. To 34.5 g of ammonium acetate was added 18.42 water, then

33.75 basic aluminum chloride containing 13.5 g of Al2 (OH) sCI and 13.33 blowing agents with a surfactant content of 6.0 g. Total water content of 46.0 g

Foaming agent

has a pH. 7.0 Example 4 differs from Examples 1-3 in a lower content of OXA and surfactant in the blowing agent concentrate.

Fire tests were carried out by extinguishing heptane on a burner with a diameter of 27 cm with a foam shortness of 5-10 and a solution feed rate I of 0.04 kg / m2 s.

Change in component ratio

over a wider range, it leads to a shift in the pH of the medium from neutral and, consequently, to a deterioration in the operational properties of the foaming agent and a decrease in the fire extinguishing efficiency of the foam.

The lower concentration limit of the main components in the foaming agent (example 3) makes it possible to use the foaming agent in low-temperature solutions with a 20% concentration of MgCl2 in a minimum (3 vol.%) Concentration, while at a concentration of 2 vol.% Quenching of heptane is not achieved even in optimal composition (example 1) already at a MgCl2 concentration of 8%.

The data on the fire extinguishing efficiency of composition 4 show that at a concentration of 3% blowing agent and MgCla content in the solution of more than 8% quenching of heptane in standard tests is not achieved.

The upper limit of the concentration of the main components in the foaming agent provides its maximum efficiency. A further increase in the concentration of the main components leads to thickening and gelling of the product.

The table shows the comparative characteristics of the compositions of the prototype and the foaming agent according to the invention. All tests were carried out according to standard procedures recommended when developing new extinguishing compositions.

The data in the table show that, other things being equal, extinguishing equal

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A concentrated blowing agent for extinguishing fires comprising a surfactant, an aluminum compound, ammonium acetate and water, characterized in that, in order to reduce the concentration of the blowing agent in the working solution when it is prepared in an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride (up to 20%), providing the use of the burning burner with the blowing agent according to the invention is achieved at a concentration 2 times lower than that of the prototype, which meets the stated objective of the invention. An advantage of the invention is the possibility of reducing transportation and storage space in 2 times due to lower consumption and extinguishing efficiency of the blowing agent, as well as saving fire extinguishing agents and reducing the risk of environmental pollution of surfactants in a fire. the former at low temperatures, as an aluminum compound, it contains basic aluminum chloride in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Surfactant 6.5-7.0 Basic chloride aluminum 14, b-14.6 Ammonium acetate 30.0-36.5 Water Else Table continuation Table continuation Table continuation