RU1789831C - Room electrical heating and lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: heat transfer elements are connected to a phase voltage of a power supply network. Elements are made in the form of electrically heated tables, chairs and floor workplaces. The elements were connected to the power supply via three single-phase step-down conveyors with a biased connection of their primary windings to the linear voltage of the three-phase four-drive system with one phase eliminated and the neutral wire disconnected. Fluorescent lamps are connected directly to the resulting neutral shear stress. 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to heat engineering and lighting engineering and can be used for local electrical heating and lighting of large unheated rooms.

A device for electric heating is known with an insulated heating wire laid under a layer of wet plaster on the walls of a room.

At the same time, this device heats the entire volume of the room, causing an irrational consumption of electric energy, since from the point of view of energy saving, local heating should be considered more economical.

In addition, due to the presence of a continuous concrete layer above the heating wires; it does not seem possible to replace them as they fail. For the same reason, the heat transfer towards the room is underestimated.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a device

electric heating of rooms, consisting of perforated collapsible wall and over-ceiling plates connected to the phase voltage of the electric network. However, this device also remains a major drawback, since the heat generated by the electric heaters is still used to heat the entire room, causing a significant consumption of electrical resources.

This device also does not have a local electric lighting system, and the operation of fluorescent lamps of the lighting supply network of the entire room is possible only with inductive ballast resistances - chokes, which creates a complicated electrical circuit and additional energy consumption.

The aim of the invention is to achieve savings in heat and electricity in heating and lighting of rooms.

Xi 00

U 00

with

This goal is achieved in that the device further comprises fluorescent lamps, and the heat-transfer elements are made in the form of electrically heated tables, chairs and the floor of the workplaces, and the heat-transfer elements are connected to the power grid through three single-phase step-down trisnf6rShtora with a mixed connection of 1 W primary windings to the linear voltage of a three-phase four-wire system with one phase of the mains eliminated and the neutral wire disconnected, and the fluorescent lamps broadcasts are connected directly to the resulting neutral shear stress.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the elements of electric heating and lighting of a workplace of premises; in FIG. 2 shows a diagram of their electrical connections.

The device operates as follows.

A. Autonomous electric heating mode.

With the closed switches 13,14.16, 17, 24, 25 and 26 and the open switch 19, insulated heating wires are connected to the terminals 10, 11 and 12 of the phases a..b and the neutral wire of the network to a lower voltage (for example, 36 V) 7 (for example, the POSHV brand) of the table 1.6 of chair 3 and a section of floor 9.

3 people sitting on a chair experience an influx of heat from below from conduction, are irradiated from the front side and cause intense flow of warm air around their bodies (Fig. 1).

It is possible to heat only individual elements when the corresponding switches are closed. For example, to heat the chair 3, the switches 14, 17 and 25 are in the closed position with the switches 13, 16, 19, 24 and 26 open.

B, Autonomous lighting mode.

In this mode, the switches 13 and 19 are closed, and the switches 14. 16.17, 24.25 and 26 are open. In this case, however, the primary winding (for example 21) or several transformers is used as

inductive ballast during ignition and operation of fluorescent lamps 2.

B. Combined mode of electric heating and lighting.

To create this mode, close the switches 13. 16, 17, 19. 24, 25 and 26 with the open switch 14. The resulting uneven load on

the phases of the three-phase four-wire system (phase c is eliminated, the neutral wire 12 is disconnected) in the presence of the grounding strip 20, it is possible to obtain a neutral shear stress sufficient to ignite the fluorescent lamps 2 from the starters 15.

All of the above-described switching operations are carried out using a compact multi-contact switch type UE.

Thanks to the constant current in the working neutral wire, which is known from the theory of electrical engineering and equal to the geometric sum of phase currents, there is no need to use traditional current-limiting ballast chokes in this circuit with fluorescent lamps 2 turned on.

The number of lamps 2 connected between the zero point of the primary windings

transformers 18 and neutral terminals of the power supply network 12, is determined by the magnitude of the current in this circuit, caused, in turn, by the load (resistance of the heating wires 7 in the structural

elements 1, 3 and 9) on the secondary windings of transformers 24, 25 and 26.

Thanks to the use of local heating and lighting and the use of fluorescent lamps during operation, otherwise lost in the neutral circuit of the power grid, the total energy savings compared to the base facility is 35%.

In addition, increasing the frequency to 150

Hz, (arranged harmonics of the neutral wire) in the combined mode improves the lighting characteristics of the lamps.

The absence of ballast chokes on fluorescent lamps simplifies and reduces the cost of the overall electrical circuit by 15%.

Claims (1)

The claims A device for electric heating and lighting of rooms, consisting of heat-releasing elements connected to the phase voltage of the electric network, characterized in that the device further comprises fluorescent lamps, the heat-releasing elements are made in the form of electrically heated tables, chairs and floor workstations, moreover, the connection of heat-releasing elements to the mains is carried out through three single-phase step-down transformers with a biased connection of their primary windings to the linear voltage of the three-phase one phase of the mains and the neutral wire, and the central lighting lamps are adjacent to the formed four-wire system with eliminated-5 neutral shear stress. one phase of the mains and the neutral wire disconnected, and the fluorescent lamps are connected directly to the resulting