RU1789726C - Device for decreasing air permeability of head house - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: airing the mines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the device consists of air valves, locks of the mine building, a valve for blocking the mouth of the barrel, a ventilation duct connected to the mine building and the fan duct. An air flow regulator is installed in the ventilation channel at the mine building. The ventilation duct is connected to the inlet duct of the suction fan or to the outlet duct of the diffuser of the suction fan. The device may include a second ventilation channel with an air flow regulator, which is connected to the junction of the ventilation and air supply channels of the mine. 1 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used to ventilate mines.

Devices are known for reducing the air permeability of a mine building by applying perfect sealants, structural elements of the building, equipping locks, installing air valves, connecting ducts.

The essential features of devices that are similar to those of the claimed are the reduction in air permeability by using advanced designs of the mine building and locks, air valves, the use of low-porous materials, and elastic sealants.

The disadvantage of these technical solutions is the loss of breathability of devices in the process

operation under the influence of significant air pressure near located main ventilation fans

(in t).

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect to the claimed invention is a device for reducing the air permeability of the mine building during the forced ventilation of the mine, selected as a prototype.

The common essential features of the prototype and the claimed object of the invention are the connection of the mine building with the ventilation channel with the AHU channel to equalize the pressure in the mine building with atmospheric pressure.

The disadvantages of the prototype, which are eliminated by the invention, are:

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- the possibility of using the device only with the discharge method of ventilating the shaft;

- creating excessive pressure inside the mine building as compared to external atmospheric pressure;

- installation of an additional fan corresponding in pressure to the maximum pressure of the VGP;

- the possibility of unstable operation of the VGP together with an additional fan turned on towards the VGP.

The aim of the invention is to reduce losses in the air supplied to the mine by balancing the pressure between the mine building and the atmosphere during discharge and suction ventilation and to reduce energy costs in the cold season due to the use of warm mine air.

The essence of the device and its distinguishing features are that it is equipped with an additional ventilation channel connecting the VGP channel with the mine ventilation or air supply channel. An additional ventilation duct is connected to the inlet duct of the suction fan or to the outlet duct of the diffuser of the suction AHU. The air flow regulator at the mine building serves to create a pressure inside the mine building equal to the external atmospheric pressure. The regulator in the auxiliary channel is made in kind and is designed to obtain the positive air temperature in the shaft of the mine in the cold season by mixing atmospheric air with warm air coming out of the mine.

If necessary, the air leaving the mine is cleaned of dust and excess moisture. The content of harmful gases in the air leaving the mine does not exceed acceptable sanitary standards. In case of mass explosions in the mine, when the content of harmful and poisonous gases in the exhaust air is large, damaged air can be sent to the atmosphere.

The apparatus of the invention is illustrated in the diagrams of FIG. 1, 2, 3, 4.

Schematic diagrams of the device as applied to the discharge and suction methods for ventilating the shaft are shown in FIG. 1, 2, respectively. In FIG. the positions denote: 1 - the mine building, 2 - the air flow regulator, 3 - the ventilation duct, 4 - the channel of the suction booth or diffuser, 5 - the additional ventilation duct, 6 - the inlet or outlet duct of the VGP, 7 - VGP ,

8 - air supply and or ventilation duct of VGP, 9 - air flow regulator, ventilation or air supply and duct of the shaft in fig. not specified.

The invention is carried out as follows

In the discharge method of ventilating the shaft (Fig. 1), the ventilation channel 3 through the inlet channel 6 is connected to a suction pump VGP 7 supplying air to the shaft. An additional ventilation channel 5 connected to the ventilation channel is simultaneously connected to the input channel 6

5 shaft ventilation shaft.

In the case of the suction method of ventilating the shaft (Fig. 2), the ventilation channel 3 is connected to the output channel 6 of the suction AHU 7. At the same time, an additional ventilation channel 5 connected to the air supply channel of the auxiliary shaft of the mine is connected to the output channel 6. In FIG. 1 and 2, the ice position is shown for the warm period of the year when it completely covers channel 5.

The operation of the device during the warm season is also illustrated in ventilation connections diagrams and scans of depressiograms. In the discharge method of ventilating the shaft (Fig. 3), air, due to vacuum at the suction of the pumping AHU, enters through the channel of the suction booth OA from the atmosphere and simultaneously through the ventilation channel AE to node A and then to node B through the inlet channel of the AHU. The fan pumps air through the air supply channel of the aircraft, through the interface of the channel with the barrel at point C, into the shaft and simultaneously through

0 the mouth of the SD trunk to the mine building, represented on the diagram by the branch DE. At point D, corresponding to the installation location of the air valve in the wellhead, the overpressure is reduced compared to

5 overpressure at point C, and in the branch

DE a null depression point is formed under

the action of excess pressure at point D

, and the rarefaction at point E corresponding

the end of the ventilation duct EA

0 From the circuit of FIG. Figure 4 shows that with the suction method of ventilating the shaft installed at point ВГП creates a vacuum in the ventilation channel of the aircraft, the shaft and the mouth of the SD shaft. In sections of the VA network,

5 DO and AE fan create overpressure. At pressures at points D and E of different signs, a zero depression point will be formed in the DE branch.

In the warm season, the additional ventilation duct is blocked

l doy. Air from the mine during the ventilation method is vented through the ventilation channel of the mine to the atmosphere. In the suction method of ventilating the shaft, the exhaust air is discharged through the diffuser channel, and is supplied through the air through the shaft of the auxiliary (air supply) shaft at the channel.

Thus, by balancing the pressure between the mine building and the outdoor atmosphere, the object of the invention is achieved - air losses during the operation of the gas-hydraulic installation both for pumping and suctioning of air are reduced.

In the cold season, yes 2 opens in the additional ventilation duct 5, as shown in FIG. 1, 2. The warm air coming out of the shaft is mixed with cold atmospheric air and fed into the shaft for ventilation. The flow rate of the recirculated air coming out of the mine is regulated by ice 2 depending on the temperature of the outside air and the temperature of the mine air. The use of warm mine air to heat the trunk, the shaft building eliminates the need for air heaters, heating the shaft building, and preheating the mouth of the barrel with heated air. The achieved positive effect when realizing this property of the invention is expressed in the reduction of energy costs for heating the shaft of the mine and mine building.

In order to achieve the maximum beneficial effect, the connecting ducts are insulated or underground. Purification of air from dust and excess moisture is carried out using known devices that can be installed in an additional ventilation duct.

Under the conditions of a particular mine, the pressure and productivity of the gas-tight gas, air leaks through the mine structure are determined in the usual order. The air cross-sectional area of the channel is found by the amount of air leakage, taking into account the optimal air velocity along the channel, not exceeding 15 m / s. Prien in, by design

For practical reasons, the length of the ventilation duct and its perimeter, having determined the value of the coefficient of aerodynamic drag coefficient, the resistance of the ventilation duct is calculated.

Further, the aerodynamic drag of the diffuser Rd (Pa C / m j and from the equality

RA (Ov - On.z) 2 (K.s.v + Rp) QH.32,

find the resistance of the air flow regulator Rp (Pa s2 / m6)

RP RA (Ov / On.Z. - I) 2 - Rc.B7

where QB is the fan capacity, m / s; O.N. 3. - air flow through the mine building, m3 / s; RC.B. - aerodynamic resistance of the ventilation channel, Pa-s2 / mb.

By the value of the resistance of the air flow regulator, find the area of its living section according to the formula

SP S / (0.65 + 0.845).

During operation of the device, the living cross-sectional area of the air flow regulator can be changed until a zero pressure difference is obtained between the mine building and the outside atmosphere.

The living cross-sectional area of the additional ventilation duct at the ice installation site and its cross-sectional area are in a similar order

Technical and economic advantages when using the device in comparison with the prototype are as follows;

- the loss of air supplied to the shaft is reduced by the discharge and suction method of ventilating the shaft;

- reduced energy costs for ventilating the mine and heating the air in the cold season;

- the mine ventilation efficiency and work safety are improved.

Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. Device for reducing the air permeability of a mine building, including air valves and gateways of the mine building, a shutoff valve the mouth of the barrel, the channel of the fan connected to the shaft building by a ventilation channel, characterized in that, in order to reduce the loss of air supplied to the shaft, by reducing air leakage by equalizing the pressure between the shaft building and the atmosphere during discharge and suction ventilation, the device is equipped with an air flow regulator installed in the ventilation duct at the mine building to equalize the pressure inside the mine building to atmospheric, and the ventilation duct is connected to the inlet channel to the suction blower fan or to the outlet channel of the suction fan diffuser. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy costs during the cold season due to the use of warm mine air, the device is equipped with an additional ventilation duct with an air flow regulator, with an additional ventilation duct communicated with the junction of the mine’s ventilation or air supply channels, respectively, and the other end with the inlet or outlet channel on the suction of the blower fan or at the diffuser of the suction fan, and the air flow regulator in the additional ventilation channel is made in the form of ice.