RU1787351C - Fertilizer preparation and application device - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: agriculture, in particular, devices for preparing solutions of mineral fertilizers and other liquids and applying them to the soil. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the filter of the device is made in the form of a volumetric chamber with a loading shutter in the upper part and an unloading hatch in the lower part, while the discharge pipe is installed in the lower part of the filter. 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to devices for preparing solutions of soluble and poorly soluble mineral fertilizers, pre-chemicals, pulverulent materials and other liquids mixed with gases and applying them to the soil. It can be used for subsoil application of solutions of these substances.

A known unit for introducing into the soil a mixture of nutrient solutions with gases, including a tank with a pump, mixing and distributing a gel chamber with liquid and gas lines and cultivating legs with feeding tubes connected by supply lines to the outlet nozzles of the mixing distribution chamber.

The known aggregate unevenly distributes the nutrient solutions in the form of a gas-dispersed mixture, since in it a mixture of nutrient solutions with gases is formed

not inside the mixing and distribution chamber, but only at the exit from it.

Also known is a hydraulic feeder for sprinkler plants, including a fertilizer hopper, a metering chamber. a mixing chamber, nets for filtering soluble fertilizers, a float level regulator, inlet and outlet pipelines and valves, while the metering chamber is equipped with movable, fixed and movable perforated discs mounted under the mesh bottom of the hopper, and a multi-stage nozzle mounted on the conical bottom chamber, with the inlet and outlet nozzles of the mixing chamber located tangentially to the wall of the hopper.

In the well-known hydraulic feeding system, the aforementioned drawback is eliminated. However, the dissolution of fertilizers in it takes place in a separate mixing chamber by washing out the fertilizers. Dissolution of fertilizers by constant contact with

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liquid is not provided in the storage hopper, which reduces the rate of dissolution of fertilizers and complicates the design.

Closest to the technical essence of the present invention is a device for preparing and applying fertilizers, comprising a container with a hydraulic pump and an air mixer with a distributor, as well as a fertilizer hopper with a strainer mounted above the container, to which a discharge pipe is connected.

The main disadvantage of this machine is the low productivity of dissolving fertilizers, since the constant contact of fertilizers with liquid is provided in it only at the bottom of the hopper.

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of the preparation of fertilizer solutions by increasing the area of their contact with the liquid.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known device for preparing and applying fertilizers containing a tank with a hydraulic pump and an air mixer, a dispenser with a distributor, and also a fertilizer hopper with a strainer mounted above the tank to which the discharge pipe is connected, the filter is made in the form volume chamber with a loading shutter in the upper part and an unloading hatch in the lower part, while the discharge pipe is installed in the lower part of the filter.

This embodiment of the device allows you to intensively prepare a solution of fertilizers for application into the soil by placing them inside the liquid tank over its entire height, a large area of constant contact of fertilizers with water, crushing and washing them out while mixing with a jet of water from the pump. directed to the lower part of the filter-washer, and filtering through its mesh walls, as well as final crushing in the lower part of the tank using a pneumatic mixer and converting the solution into a gas-dispersed mixture. All this increases the productivity of preparing fertilizers for their subsequent application into the soil in the form of a gas-dispersed solution.

In FIG. 1 shows a general side view of the device with local breakouts; in FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1.

The device for preparing and applying fertilizers contains a container 1 for a liquid with a hydraulic pump 2, a blower 3, an air mixer 4, a discharge pipe 5, a dispenser 6 and distribute

Lemma 7, as well as mounted above the tank

I hopper 8 for fertilizers with a strainer 9. The filter 9 is made in the form of a volumetric chamber with a loading shutter 10 in the upper part and an unloading hatch 11 in the lower part. The loading shutter 10 is made by the upper wall 12 of the tank 1. Unloading hatch

II is made by its bottom wall 13. In this case, the discharge pipe 5 from the pump 2 is installed in the lower part of the filter 9. The tip 14 of the discharge pipe 5 is made tapered in height and increased in width. Moreover, the cross-sectional area of the pipe 5 at the outlet is equal to or less than the cross-sectional area in its other part.

The device operates as follows.

Tank 1 is charged with liquid by self-priming or autonomous with underload. The loading gate 10 is opened and the compacted soluble or slightly soluble fertilizer (mineral or dolomite flour or the like) is loaded by a loader into the hopper 8 and enters the strainer 9. The gate 10 is closed. The hydraulic pump 2 and the blower 3 are turned on for mixing. The device is transported to the place of application. At the same time, the liquid in the upper part of the tank 1 through the filter 9 is in contact, partially dissolving the packed fertilizer pieces, from the front of the tank 1 is pumped into the discharge pipe 5 and, under high pressure, flows into the tip 14, and the air from the blower 3 flows into the air mixer 4. From the tip 14, a stream of liquid in an expanded stream is struck at the bottom of the filter 9 and blows it over the entire width, grinding and washing the packed pieces of fertilizer. Moreover, in place of the dissolved lower portion, the next portion of partially dissolved fertilizer pieces arrives at the top. Small pieces of fertilizer passing through the filter screen 9 are picked up by the air of the pneumatic mixer 4, finally crushed and transferred to a gas-dispersed solution. At the injection site, the prepared solution from the discharge pipe 5 is dispensed by the dispenser 6 into the dispenser 7 and applied to the soil surface. Insoluble fertilizer residues that do not pass through the filter screen 9. are removed through the discharge hatch 11.

The implementation of the filter in the form of a volumetric chamber increases the area of constant contact of fertilizers with the liquid of the container. Performing a loading gate in the upper part of the container allows the filter to be placed at the entire height of the container, which increases its volume. The discharge hatch in the lower part of the tank provides the discharge of insoluble fertilizer residues. The installation of a discharge pipe to the bottom of the filter makes it possible to grind and wash all fertilizers loaded into the filter, since the subsequent upper layers fall from the weight of the dissolved lower layer of fertilizer. The combination of the above characteristics increases the productivity of fertilizer preparation, which gives an annual economic effect of about 1,500 rubles for each machine used compared to the RUE-8 machine.

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Claims (1)

The claims A device for preparing and applying fertilizers, comprising a container with a hydraulic pump and a pneumatic mixer, a dispenser with a distributor, and a fertilizer hopper with a strainer mounted above the container, to which a discharge pipe is connected, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity, the filter is made in the form volume chamber with a loading shutter in the upper part and an unloading hatch in the lower part, while the discharge pipe is installed in the lower part of the filter. ///// y ///