RU1786360C - Dust material charging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to devices for loading pulverulent materials in units with bubbled melt. The device comprises a pelvic collector 1 with nozzles 2 mounted around the perimeter of the loading opening of the unit. Nozzles mounted at an angle of 5-45 ° to the axis of loading of materials and are placed on the collector with an inclination in one direction at an angle of 10-80 ° to its base. The device can also be used in the manufacture of building structures. 2 ill., 1 tab. -AND

Description

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The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular to devices for loading pulverulent materials (batch, fluxes, etc.) into aggregates with bubbled melt.

A device is known for loading a charge into a Vanyukov furnace, in which material is conveyed through a loading hole in the arch of the furnace to the surface of the melt.

 A disadvantage of this device is the significant dust removal of the charge charge.

A device is also known for loading pulverulent materials into a converter, in which material is fed by a feeder through an inclined pipe with a movable nozzle to the surface of the melt.

Although in this device air is additionally supplied to the pipe to create an ejection effect, it is not possible to completely eliminate dust extraction. The used mobile nozzle on the pipe, lowered during loading of the Material to the neck of the converter, also does not exclude the removal of dust. In addition, this system is not acceptable for continuous loading.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a device for feeding charge materials into a converter. In order to reduce dust collection and improve working conditions in this device, at least three ejection tubes are installed on the estrus, located at the same distance from each other along the outer perimeter of the estrus. At the same time, the ends of the ejection tubes extending beyond the estrus are bent at the same angle in order to regulate the material feeding place during synchronous rotation in the bushings relative to the longitudinal axes.

Although this device, in comparison with the previous known solution, can reduce dust extraction by 2–3 times, it is known that due to the expansion of the jets of the supplied air when moving away from pipe sections, as well as from heating (especially when approaching the melt), the ejection effect is. The return streams of air reflected from the surface of the melt carry a lot of material to be loaded (such as, for example, when the charge is fed together with a gaseous oxidizer through vertical tuyeres).

Therefore, such a device can be used only at small distances from the melt (in the high temperature region and there is a lot of spray) and, therefore, only for periodic loading, after which it must be removed.

An object of the invention is to reduce dust extraction.

This goal is achieved in that the device containing the material supply system in the aggregates through the feed opening is provided with a gas manifold with nozzles installed along the perimeter of the feed opening, the axes of which are 5-45 ° with the vertical axis and 10-80 ° C with the base collector, and nozzles are inclined in one direction.

The choice of the nozzle direction at an angle of 5-45 ° to the material loading axis provides a narrowing of the flow, good capture of the particles of material by the supplied gas and gives them an acceleration sufficient to prevent the particles from being captured by the exhaust process gases.

Placing nozzles on the manifold with an inclination in one direction at an angle of 10-80 ° to its base spins the dust and gas flow, giving it a swirling motion, in which particles of solid material are concentrated in the central part of the flow.

The direction of the nozzles at an angle less than 5ene from the axis of material loading provides the necessary narrowing of the dust and gas flow, which is necessary for concentrating the material near the axis of loading. At an angle exceeding 45 °, the dust-gas flow rapidly loses direction. In both cases, the entire feed material does not reach the surface of the melt, most of it is carried away by the exhaust gases.

Placing the nozzles on the collector with an inclination to its base at an angle less than 10 ° leads to the fact that the swirling effect of the gas flow dies away before the dusty materials reach the surface of the melt. An angle of inclination greater than 80 ° does not allow the dust and gas stream to swirl and deliver all the solid material to the melt.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the proposed device, in FIG. 2 is a diagram of nozzle placement on a manifold.

The device comprises a gas manifold 1 with nozzles 2, mounted around the perimeter of the feed hole 3 on the vault 4 of the metallurgical unit; and - nozzle direction angle to the material loading axis / 3-angle of nozzle inclination to the base of the collector.

The device operates as follows.

The pulverized material from the feeder 5 enters the feed opening 3 and enters the vortex zone formed by jets of compressed gas flowing out of the nozzles 2. The material is captured by the vortex gas flow with an initial velocity of 100 or more m / s and is fed to the surface of the melt 6.

The location of the nozzles on the manifold within the specified limits creates a vortex-gas flow, in which particles of the loaded material are directed by centrifugal forces to the axis of the charge until they reach the surface of the melt. The flow of carrier gas, expanding with distance from the nozzles and from heating, as less dense than the feed material, goes to the periphery of the vortex. In this case, the pulverized material, approaching the melt, is not trapped by the carrier gas reflected from its surface.

In addition, a rarefaction zone is created in the plane of the collector to facilitate dust entrainment in the feed portion of the feeder.

The gas supplied through the devices may be air, any inert, reducing or oxidizing gas (depending on conditions).

The device was tested in laboratory conditions on a setup simulating the process of loading pulverulent material from above directly onto the melt surface in a Vanyukov furnace. To simulate the flow of exhaust gases through the installation chamber in the horizontal direction of purging air at a speed of 2 m / s. On the opposite side, air was aspirated through a bag filter.

As a pulverized material, crushed quartz with a particle size of minus 0.16 mm was used, which was dosed through a loading hole in the chamber vault.

An annular gas manifold fixed around the perimeter of a feed opening with a diameter of 200 mm: had 10 nozzles with an inner diameter of b mm. The nozzles on the manifold are mounted on rubber gaskets that ensure that the nozzles rotate at a given angle. The angles of inclination of the nozzles to the loading axis and to the base of the collector were changed in experiments every 5 °. The inclination of the nozzles to the base of the collector at an angle of less than 7 ° could not be established.

The distance from the feed opening to the surface of the water poured into the pan of the chamber was 1,500 mm.

The estimated initial velocity of the outflow of air 5 from the nozzles is 100 m / s.

Some of the results of the experiments are shown in the table.

When using the device within the specified limits, the dust extraction does not exceed 0 0.7% (experiments 3-5, 8-10, 13, 14, 17. 18), when it is blowing with ram flow, it is 3.4% (experiment 1, prototype). In experiments 10, 18 pyleunos was absent.

Consequently, the proposed loading device 5 makes it possible to almost completely eliminate dust removal of materials during loading of metallurgical units. It is especially suitable for continuous or long-term periodic loading of materials onto the surface of a bubbled melt. For example, when used on a Vanyukov furnace, it is possible to reduce the loss of a charge with exhaust gases by at least 5 tons per day. 5 It is possible to use the device when loading pulverized materials in hydrometallurgical processes, in the production of building structures, etc. The advantages of the proposed device are:

1. Reduction of dust extraction by about 5 times or its complete prevention.

2. Reducing the costs of collecting, collecting and returning dust for processing.

5 3. The possibility of obtaining conditioned sublimates during melting polymetallic. raw materials.

4.. Ensuring the stable operation of waste heat boilers.

Claims (1)

0 Claims A device for loading dusty materials, comprising a system for supplying materials to the unit through a loading opening, characterized in that, with 5 in order to reduce dust extraction, it is equipped with a gas collector installed along the perimeter of the feed opening with nozzles whose axes are at an angle of 5-45 ° with a vertical axis and an angle of 10-80 ° with a base 0 collector, with nozzles tilted to one side.