RU1784721C - External wall guard - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the construction and reconstruction of the exterior stei fences of buildings and structures. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the outer wall enclosure 1 is made with recesses 2 evenly spaced from the inner surface of the enclosure 1, and with protective finishing layers 3 arranged on both sides of the enclosure 1. The recesses 2 are made with a depth not exceeding the distribution of stable heating of the enclosure 1 .2 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to the field of construction and reconstruction of buildings and structures.

A wall enclosure made of structurally insulating concrete is known, including a polymer insulating film located in its body. The film is arranged in two layers, one layer on the outer surface and the other on the inner surface of the fence with perforation in all (| area. In addition, the layers of the film on the side opposite to the heat flux have a heat-reflecting coating. The disadvantage of this device is that at the border the contact of concrete and the film between the perforation holes, a moisture concentration will necessarily occur, which, when frozen during the winter season, will cause deformation of the outer concrete layer.

Closest to the claimed solution is a multilayer wall construction containing a multilayer inner part of concrete layers and a heater located between them and the outer part in the form of a protective screen. An air cavity is located between the inner and outer parts. In the concrete layer, from the side of the air gap, there are punctured or slotted through holes located in a checkerboard pattern. This design allows improving the heat-shielding qualities of the wall by reducing the moisture content of the insulation placed between the concrete layers. The moisture coming from the room through the inner layer is removed from the insulation into the ventilated air gap through openings made in the outer layer. The disadvantage of this device is its low durability, because the thermal diffusion flow of pore moisture through the through holes in the insulation will accumulate at the boundary of its contact with the outer layer of the current, which, when the outside temperature is lowered, will cause delamination of the structure. In addition, the inner surface of the panel will be permanently wet, which will cause the panel to fail. . The scope of this design is limited to areas with a mild, dry climate. In addition, both in factory manufacturing and during reconstruction, it is laborious, and during operation due to the dense material of the screen it will cause a number of technological difficulties when installing wall mounted elements, decoration, repair, and also require forced air exchange in the room.

The aim of the invention is to improve performance and durability by preventing moisture from entering the freezing zone.

Figure 1 shows the outer wall

fencing, cross section; figure 2 is also a video of the side of the inner surface of the fence (protective finish layer not shown).

The outer wall fence 1 is made with recesses 2, evenly placed on the side of the inner surface of the fence 1, and with protective finishing layers 3 arranged on both sides of the fence 1. Recesses 2

made with a depth not exceeding the value of the distribution of sustainable heating 5ust.protection 1, which is characterized by the depth of the temperature distribution from the inner surface of the fence 1 into its thickness with a steady constant heat flow and is described by the ratio:

V

senior

q cgh

where A is the thermal conductivity of the fence material, W / m ° C;

q is the constant heat flux through the fence, W / m2;

dg

-5-- - temperature gradient over the cross section of the fence, ° С.

Due to the location of the recesses on the inner surface of the fence and their depth equal to not more than the distribution of stable heating of the fence, the reduced internal surface area of the wall is heated by heat from the room, the depth of distribution of positive temperatures to the depth of the recesses increases, the drying process accelerates

the structure of the material of the fence between the recesses, and, consequently, the whole layer of positive temperatures, which generally provides an increase in heat transfer resistance and stops the process

penetration of moisture into the thickness of the fence material, which leads to dehydration of the wall and, consequently, to increased durability of the fence.

The device operates when there is a temperature difference in the internal air in

indoor and outdoor

walls exceeding the normative allowable difference in table 2 of SNiP 2-379XX.

The excess of the normative-permissible difference between the temperatures of the internal air and on the inner surface of the wall is observed in cases of insufficient wall thickness, high material density or high humidity in the winter season. Since, due to the recesses, the area of the inner surface of the wall is larger, and the transfer of positive temperatures into the enclosure is deeper, an increase in temperature occurs on the inner surface of the wall at the initial stage. Further, drying of the enclosure material between the recesses and a corresponding increase in the heat transfer resistance of the inner layer to the depth of the recesses are observed. This in turn causes a violation of the moisture balance in the working section of the wall, the balancing of which occurs due to the movement of moisture from the outer layers of the wall. The process continues to reach the level of structural moisture of the material and, in the presence of a moisture insulating coating layer on the outer surface of the wall, is stabilized.

As is known, fumes from rooms are absorbed by the wall material and, in the presence of a temperature gradient in its thickness,

They are directed to the outer surface, creating volumes of cryophase of inter-pore moisture, the increase of which causes the destruction of the structure of the fencing material. The presence of recesses ensures that there is no temperature gradient to the depth of the recesses, and a larger surface causes a lesser degree of moisture saturation of the vapors of the inner layers.

Thus, the absence of moisture in the temperature gradient region creating thermal diffusion transfer is a leading factor in improving the performance and durability of the exterior walls.

Claims (1)

The claims An outer wall fence made with recesses evenly spaced on the surface of the fence, characterized in that, in order to improve performance and durability by preventing moisture from entering the freezing zone, the recesses are located on the side of the inner surface of the fence and are made with a depth not exceeding the amount of distribution of sustained heating of the enclosure.