RU178413U1 - Universal rack-mounted electric heating module - Google Patents

Abstract

Universal electric heating module of rack and pinion type. The useful model relates to heat engineering, namely to autonomous electric heating devices of heating systems. The essence of the utility model - the heating module consists of a hollow metal case of rectangular cross section, the side walls of which are made in the form of a surface with multiplied recesses forming two internal longitudinal channels interconnected by several transverse channels. The channels of the body are filled with mineral oil. An electric heating cable is laid in the first longitudinal channel, the phase wire of which is connected in series with the thermostat. The ends of the heating cable are connected to the contacts of the plastic plugs of the electrical connector, hermetically pressed into the holes of the hollow metal casing from both ends. A heat-resistant power cable is laid in the second longitudinal channel, the ends of which are also connected to the contacts of the plugs of the electrical connector. EFFECT: possibility of independent construction and facilitated assembly of distributed electric heating systems of arbitrary configuration in three dimensions. 2 s.p. f-ly, 10 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to heat engineering, in particular, to autonomous electric heating devices of heating systems, and is intended for use as a module for self-assembly of distributed electric heating systems of arbitrary configuration, as well as for use as a component in warm skirting boards, thermal converters and other heating appliances, as well as for direct use for the purpose of local heating and forced air circulation in the premises with inadequate natural ventilation, resulting in condensation on the walls and mold.

A self-contained heater is known from the prior art (RF patent No. 2304256, IPC F24D 19/00, publication date 11/10/2013), consisting of individual sections or groups of sections with upper and lower through holes and a heat carrier circulating in the housing. The top holes on both sides are plugged with plugs. It is equipped with a heating device and a temperature controller, which are diametrically opposed and fixed by means of a threaded connection in the lower hole, and the coolant circulates in a closed circuit of the housing. The disadvantages of the heating device include large dimensions, uneven heating of the room.

An autonomous heating system is known from the prior art (RF patent No. 2177586, IPC F24D 13/00, F24D 19/10, publication date 12/27/2001) containing one or more local sections by the number of heated rooms with electric oil radiators installed in them with two electric heating elements, as well as a system control unit. The disadvantages of the heating system include the complexity of the design and uneven heating of the room.

The prototype of the claimed utility model can be the MEGADOR baseboard converter (www.megador / Q-produkcii), which is a perforated galvanized steel casing, inside which there is an incandescent spiral (TEN) located in a metal finned tube filled with quartz sand. A control unit with a power regulator is built into the housing, from the end. Several converters can be combined into a single heating system that takes into account different forms of space. The disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to continuously connect the converters to each other in an arbitrary configuration, which leads to discontinuity of the warm conventional air flow. The next disadvantage of the prototype is its dimensions, because they do not allow it to be used between furniture and the wall of the room, where, as a rule, there is insufficient natural ventilation, which leads to the appearance of condensation on the walls and the formation of mold. The disadvantage of the prototype is that it is an independent finished product having a narrow specific area of application.

The objective of the claimed utility model is the creation of a universal electric rack-type heating module, which allows to maximize the scope of its application:

- as an independent heater for local heating and forced air circulation in places with insufficient natural ventilation, leading to the appearance of condensation on the walls and the formation of mold;

- as an element of self-construction and lightweight assembly of distributed electric heating systems of arbitrary configuration in three dimensions;

- as a component part (heating element) in warm skirting boards, thermal converters and other household heating appliances and systems.

The specified technical result is achieved by the construction of a rack-type electric heating module, which consists of a hollow metal case of rectangular cross section, the side walls of which are made in the form of a surface with multiplied recesses forming two internal longitudinal channels interconnected by several transverse channels. The channels of the body are filled with mineral oil. An electric heating cable is laid in the first longitudinal channel, the phase wire of which is connected in series with the temperature controller, and the ends of the heating cable are connected to the contacts of the plastic plugs of the electrical connector, hermetically pressed into the holes of the hollow metal casing from both ends. A heat-resistant power cable is laid in the second longitudinal channel, the ends of which are also connected to the contacts of the plugs of the electrical connector. An electric heating cable with constant power СРС or a self-regulating heating cable, the heating element of which is connected in parallel with current-carrying conductors of the cable, serves as an electric heating cable. Each of the two plastic plugs of the electrical connector has several connectors, while the plugs can have the same type of connectors "male" or a combination of connectors of different types "male" and "mother".

The proposed universal electric rack-type heating module is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-10.

FIG. 1 - general view of the module.

FIG. 2 - disassembled module design.

FIG. 3 - configuration of the internal cavity of the housing.

FIG. 4 - design and schedule of heat transfer cable with constant power.

FIG. 5 - design and heat transfer schedule of a self-regulating cable.

FIG. 6 is a generalized electrical diagram of heating cables.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a module without a temperature controller.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a module with a temperature controller.

FIG. 9 - types of module connectors to each other.

FIG. 10 are examples of heating system configurations.

The universal electric heating module is a long-length rack type heater, the length of which can vary from 50 cm to 200 cm in increments of 50 cm, thickness - from 1.6 cm to 3.0 cm, and height - from 4 cm to 8 cm. ( see Fig. 1).

The module consists of a sealed metal housing 1 (see Fig. 2) filled with mineral oil 2. The side walls of the housing 1 are a surface with multiplied recesses. The housing 1 of the module can be made by stamping (extrusion) of thin sheet metal with high thermal conductivity, for example, of copper, aluminum, brass and other metals or their alloys. To understand the design features of the housing in FIG. 2 shows two cross sections of the casing: in the place of absence of the recess 3 and in the place of the recess 4 of the casing 1. This design of the casing increases the stiffness of the casing and increases the surface area of heat transfer, which helps to increase the efficiency of heat transfer to the environment. The module housing 1 has two parallel longitudinal through channels 5 connected to each other by transverse hollow channels 6 (see Fig. 3). This provides improved circulation of the coolant in the housing 1 of the module and its uniform heating. In the simplest case, a profile tube with a rectangular cross section made of metal with high thermal conductivity can be used as a housing. Inside the first longitudinal channel 5 (see Fig. 3) of the housing 1, a flexible electric heating cable 7 is laid, which performs the function of an electric heater. Inside the second longitudinal channel 5 there may be a heat-resistant power cable 8. The cable wires 7 and 8 are connected at both ends to the terminals 9 of the connectors 10 of the plastic plugs of the electrical connector 11, which are hermetically pressed into the module case. Each of the plugs 11 has several connectors 10, designed to connect to the electrical network of the room, as well as the mechanical connection of the heating modules to each other. Oil 2 completely covers the heating cable 7 and heat-resistant cable 8. To simplify the design, a module option without a coolant is possible. In this case, the heating efficiency of the module housing may be lower.

As a heating cable 7 in the module, a heating cable with constant power CPC or a self-regulating heating cable can be used. Each of these types of cables has its own characteristics and similar characteristics. Cable with constant power CPC is a type of zone-resistive type cable. Heat is released in the heating coil, which has equal contact with current-carrying conductors at equal distances, due to which heat-release zones are formed, connected in parallel. In FIG. Figure 4 shows the design and graph of heat transfer of a cable with a constant power of the CPC depending on the ambient temperature. A heating cable with constant power СРС consists of two parallel conductors 12 (see Fig. 4) in silicone insulation 13, around which a wire of resistive nickel-chromium alloy is wound 14. Resistive wire 14 is connected in series with conductors 12 at contact points 15 located every 500 mm. Thus, a series of parallel resistances is obtained with the same resistance values (R). The outer sheath of the cable, made of fluoropolymer 16, protects the cable 7 from mechanical damage. When applying voltage from one end of the heating circuit and leaving the other end open, all resistances produce the same power in each section 17 of the circuit with a length of 500 mm. The power generated per meter of cable will always be constant at any temperature, regardless of the length of the circuit. The principle of operation of the heating cable 4 of constant power CPC graphically displays graph 18 in FIG. 4. Regardless of the ambient temperature, the power output of the cable does not change. Cable modifications are distinguished by the power value (in watts) allocated per unit length of cable (meter). A self-regulating heating cable (see Fig. 5) is a type of heating cable that is able to change its heat release independently depending on the ambient temperature. This is considered its main feature. The cable heats more if the ambient temperature is lower.

Self-regulating heating cable 7 consists of two parallel conductors 19, which provide voltage along the entire length of the wire. The main device in the design of the cable 7 is a heating conductive matrix 20 (see Fig. 5). The use of such a matrix allows you to adjust and heat the element itself. Each part of the matrix 20 is connected between two conductors 19 in parallel. For a greater degree of thermal protection, the electrical structure is wrapped in several layers of thermoplastic insulation 21. The external protective coating 22 provides protection of the structure from mechanical damage. A protective shielding braid 23 can be made for the heating cable 7. The principle of operation of the self-regulating heating cable graphically displays graph 24 of FIG. 5. With decreasing temperature in any part of the matrix, the current conductivity and, accordingly, the allocated power increases, and as a result, the heating element heats up more.

Thanks to this, the temperature can be adjusted without the use of various temperature controllers. Thus, thermoregulation is achieved. Cable modifications are distinguished by the power value (in watts) allocated per unit length of cable (meter).

In FIG. 6 shows a generalized electrical diagram of the heating cables discussed above. The main common feature of the considered two types of heating cable is that their heating element R is connected in parallel with current-carrying conductors 25 and 26. This feature of heating cables is crucial for their use as an electric heater in a heating module. Due to this feature, pieces of cables of arbitrary length (starting from 50 cm) can be used in the heating module.

In FIG. 7 shows the electrical circuit of the heating module. Red color indicates the phase L-wire, black - zero N-wire. To simplify the electrical circuit, the ground wire is not indicated on it. In a working circuit, the ground wire is connected to the metal housing of the module. The solid lines show the current-carrying conductors 25 and 26 of the heating cable 7, the dashed lines show the current-carrying conductors 27 of the heat-resistant power cable 8. The expediency of using the heat-resistant cable 8 is determined by the complexity of the configuration of the distributed heating system assembled on the basis of the heating module. The ends of the current-carrying conductors of cables 7 and 8 (see Fig. 2) are connected to the terminals 9 of the connectors 10 of the plugs of the electrical connector 11. By means of a flexible electrical connecting cord, the voltage of 220 volts is supplied to the terminals 9 of the connectors 10.

In FIG. Figure 8 shows the electrical diagram of a heating module with control of the heating temperature of the module using a thermostat. Red color indicates the phase L-wire, black - zero N-wire. To simplify the electrical circuit, the ground wire is not indicated on it. In a working circuit, the ground wire is connected to the metal housing of the module. Basically, the electrical circuit of a module with a temperature controller duplicates the circuit of a module without a temperature controller, with the exception of some fundamental differences:

• At one end of the heating cable, the 7-phase current-carrying conductor 25 of the cable is connected to the terminals 9 of the connectors 10 of the plug 11 of the electrical connector through the temperature controller 28. The zero-current conducting wire 26 is connected directly to the terminals 9 of the connectors.

• From the other “blind” end of the cable, both current-carrying conductors 25 and 26 of the cable are insulated by means of insulating caps 29.

• The use of heat-resistant power cable 8 is mandatory. The ends of the current-carrying conductors 27 of the heat-resistant cable 8 are connected to the terminals 9 of the connectors 10 of the plugs 11 of the electrical connector.

The design of the module with a thermostat allows you to automatically disconnect the heating cable of the module from the supply voltage when the temperature of the module reaches the threshold value of the thermostat. In this case, the module itself retains the function of the conductive medium through the use of heat-resistant power cable 8. Thus, a complex distributed heating system, built on the basis of a module with a temperature controller, can flexibly respond to the temperature of local areas of the room without affecting the functioning of the entire system as a whole.

To connect the modules to each other during the construction of the heating system, various electrical connectors are used. In FIG. 9 shows connectors of various types. For a linear connection of modules, a single 30 or dual 31 rigid connector is used. To connect the modules in the corner of the room, a universal corner connector 32 is used. For the floor placement of the heating module, the connector leg 33 is used. If there is no need for a rigid continuous connection of the modules, a flexible connector 34 can be used. flexible power cord 35.

In FIG. 10, as an example, three possible variants of heating system configurations based on the module are shown.

Universal electric heating module rack type operates as follows. Heat transfer is carried out by convection by the coolant, and heat transfer occurs by convection of the available air in the room, as well as subsequent radiation by the main surface of the module housing. When the heating module is connected to the power supply network of the room, heating of the electric heating cable begins. The cable transfers heat to the heat carrier, which subsequently heats the case. Thanks to the design of the module housing, improved circulation of the coolant and uniform heating of the housing are provided. A heated case gives off its heat to the surrounding air. The room warms up due to the effect of convection. The surface temperature of the case does not exceed 100 degrees, so there is practically no drainage of air and burning of oxygen.

The proposed module can be used both separately and as a designer part for self-designing and assembling distributed electric heating systems of arbitrary configuration, as well as a component part (electric heater) in warm skirting boards, thermal converters and other heating devices and systems. The module provides the ability to build arbitrary continuous heating systems in three dimensions: in length, in height and in width, which contributes to uniform heating of the room around the perimeter. Moreover, the build-up of the heating system can occur in the "hot" mode, in specific areas of the heating system, without shutting down the system used.

Claims (3)

1. Universal rack-mounted electric heating module, characterized in that it consists of a hollow metal body of rectangular cross section, the side walls of which are made in the form of a surface with multiplied recesses forming two internal longitudinal channels interconnected by several transverse channels, while the channels of the housing are filled mineral oil, and in the first longitudinal channel an electric heating cable is laid, the phase wire of which is connected in series with the thermostat m, and the ends of the heating cable are connected to the contacts of the plastic plugs of the electrical connector, hermetically pressed into the holes of the hollow metal case at both ends, and in the second longitudinal channel there is a heat-resistant power cable, the ends of which are also connected to the contacts of the plugs of the electrical connector. 2. The universal electric rack-type heating module according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric heating cable is a constant-current electric heating cable СРС or a self-regulating heating cable, the heating element of which is connected in parallel with the current-carrying conductors of the cable. 3. The universal electric rack-type heating module according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the two plastic plugs of the electrical connector has several connectors, while the plugs can have the same type of connectors or a combination of connectors of different types.

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